• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 2015

In this paper, we consider a scheduling problem of printed circuit board production process with setup cost depending job sequence. Given a set of PCBs, these are produced in single surface mounting device. The problem is to define job sequence with the objective of minimizing the total seutp cost. We propose a mathematical formulation and the problem is proven to be NP-hard. So, a meta heuristic based on genetic algorithm is developed.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 2014

This study analysed the economic feasibility per hectare of grow out phase production of Oyster farming by rising water temperature in Ocean. Elevated Water temperature by climate change had a bad influence for oyster production and economic feasibility. In the case of production units, the total output of oyster decreases from 213,840 to 205,594 units. Using cost-benefit analysis with discounting rates (5.5%), we estimated the net present value (NPV) and benefit cost ratio (BCR) until 2100 years. The model results showed that the NPV without water temperature rise was 1,565,619,893 won and the NPV with water temperature rise was 1,540,493,059 won. Also, BCR estimated that the former was 2.095 better than the latter was 2.077. To summarise, the economic effect per hectare of water temperature rise in ocean did the damage to the economic loss about 25,126,834 won.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1992

The definitions of organic farming method has rather philosophical meaning than application of agricultural practices. The meaning of organic farming method has certainly basic differences in comparison with the conventional farming methods. The main definitions of organec farming method have certainly to reduce or not to apply any kinds of farm inputs materials by increasing quality of agricultural prod-ucts. However, the quality of produced food by organic farming method should be improved in compari-son with cinvethional farming method. By applying organic method, the qualith of food, envir-onment as well as spiritual attitude of human being should be improved in future. Actually, there are very wide fields of research on organic farming methods such as production tech-niques, soil and water conservation, plant and animal production, marketing and consumers behavior on organic products. In this article the present situation of organic farming methods in the United States of Americal is investigated in cimparison with conventional rice production. The production cost of rice per acre in the United States of America mde 58, 788 Won in 1986, while it was 121, 699 Won in Korea having about 107 percent higher in Korea than tham the U.S.A There is a larger rice farm cost analysis between conventional and organic rice farm in California. The cash cost pre 1 lbs of conventional rice made 4.86 $, while the organic rice was 6.96$ showing about 43.2%higher level of cost in organic products(1 lbs=0.45359kg) At present, there is less econmic advantage of organic rice production in California because of lower yields as well as price levels, Therefore, the total net return over cash cost peracer/yeat was a little lower in organic rice production than conventional rice prouction.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1304-1307
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• 2001

The laying performance of Japanese quails fed graded levels of high glucosinolate ($92.5{\mu}mole/g$) rapeseed meal (RSM) was assessed. One hundred and twenty Japanese quails aged 1 day-old were assigned at random to four dietary treatments consisting of 0, 50, 75 or 100 g/kg RSM in the diet replacing part of the soybean meal and de-oiled rice bran in a standard quail ration. 12 female representative quails from each diet were selected at random and housed in individual cages from 7-20 wk of age. The egg production, feed intake and FCR was comparable among the different dietary groups. The egg quality characteristics, organoleptic evaluation of boiled eggs as well as the haematological (haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count) and biochemical (glucose, protein, cholesterol, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase and alkaline phosphatase) constituents did not differ significantly among the groups. The gross and histopathological studies of vital organs did not reveal any appreciable changes. The feed cost was reduced by the incorporation of RSM in the diet, but only the production cost of quails fed the 75 g/kg RSM was lower in comparison to other groups. In the present study, the laying potential of Japanese quail was well-maintained up to the 100g/kg dietary level of rapeseed meal.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.27-40
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• 2015

Purpose - Total Quality Management (TQM) has received significant attention and interest from a large number of organizations around the world in various industries. These organizations have tried to embody TQM concepts in areas such as engineering and product design, marketing, R&D, procurement, production, personnel, and product inspection. Research design, data, and methodology - This study presents an overview of the fundamentals of TQM and an in depth review of the obstacles to the successful implementation of TQM. Results - In order to control the cost of manufacturing, the tracking of the cost of quality (COQ) allows companies to capture the actual overall cost incurred in producing a unit of product or service. The study explores the reasons why companies track the COQ and ways to address it. Conclusions - Based on the results, COQ is one of the key performance indicators for making more accurate strategic decisions as well as a critical aspect of TQM. The study also presents a few popular quality improvement tools that have been widely used in organizations successfully implementing TQM.

• IE interfaces
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1990

This paper presents a linear programming formulation of the aggregate production planning problem for an optical instrument manufacturing company. Taking into account of the various requirements of the company, an L.P model is developed whose objective is to minimize the total cost of production during the planning horizon. The application results and its implications are well understood by the management and expected to be used as a guide line for future production planning.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2020

Recently, a multi facility, multi product and multi period industrial problem has been widely investigated in Supply Chain Network(SCN). One of keys issues in the current SCN research area involves minimizing both production and distribution costs. This study deals with finding an optimal solution for minimizing the total cost of production and distribution problems in supply chain network. First, we presented an integrated mathematical model that satisfies the minimum cost in the supply chain. To solve the presented mathematical model, we used a genetic algorithm with an excellent searching ability for complicated solution space. To represent the given model effectively, the matrix based real-number coding schema is used. The difference rate of the objective function value for the termination condition is applied. Computational experimental results show that the real size problems we encountered can be solved within a reasonable time.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.10
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• pp.99-105
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• 1969

The results of investigation and management analysis for the silk filatures in Korea until 1968 are evaluated as followings. (1) The average cocoon purchasing amount for a filature was found as 10,800kg and they are processed 105kg per man on the cocoon assorting process, 8,683kg per day during the drying process of which 42 percent are dried with low temperature drying system. (2) The average cocoon cooking capacity is 50 g, cocoon per minute, but the cooking capacity per man is smaller in case of larger factory. (3) The silk production capacity per month per a filature is 6,000kg and the amount gets smaller in case of larger factory. (4) The employee cost per one kg of raw silk production was found as high in smaller factory and it was found that 200~300 sets size was the optimum capacity for operation. (5) In case of multiends silk reeling machine, the employee cost for the silk reeling process acts as the most peculier factor among six different cocoon processes and it is reached to conclued to deduct the number of employees for this process in order to deduct the production cost. (6) The correlation coefficients between cost factors and total labour cost was found as 46 percent, therefore the rest (54％) will be the production cost other than labour cost.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

The water treatment by electrochemical method was performed to increase the yield of production. Continuous plug flow reactor was operated to treat poultry and domestic wastewaters. Experimental results were compared with experimental results of the wastewater treatment by chemical coagulation, they were increased over 10% in the removal efficiency of COD and the production rate of sludge was reduced by 30%. Ozone utilized to degrade or change the organic chemical structures, which removal efficiency increased to 20% in the electro-coagulation reactor. Economic evaluation was performed to estimate total cost of electro-coagulation reactor in comparison with that of chemical coagulation method. The total cost to treat 1000 ton/day of domestic wastewater was reduced by 50%.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.106-116
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• 2001

The purpose of business strategy is to achieve competitive advantages which includes higher efficiency, better quality, more innovation and faster customer response. In other words, The business strategy is to build unique capability of lower cost and/or differentiation. In production aspect, unique capability means better production power with better performance at 3M(Man, Machine, Material) of input and PQCDSM (Product, Quality, Cost, Delivery, Safety, Moral) from output. The Total Productive management (TPM), a series of improvement activities focused on reduction of equipment loss, is a tool to establish business competitive advantages. In this paper, several domestic companies who won the Japan TPM Award have been studied. It is found that there is a strong cause-effect relationship between TPM and competitive advantages because. 1. TPM can change employees mindset effectively. 2. TPM can upgrade employees capabilities. 3. TPM can lead to excellent productivity.