• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.809-827
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• 2017

Steam explosion was applied to extract phenolic compounds from oak wood (Quercus mongolica). The effects of three independent factors (ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time) on the total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity from the steam exploded oak wood were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables were coded at three levels and their actual values were selected on the basis of preliminary experimental results. The following optimal extraction conditions were selected: ethanol concentration 82.0%, extraction temperature $71.7^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 60.5 min for total phenolic content; ethanol concentration 78.3%, extraction temperature $70.3^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 57.6 min for DPPH radical scavenging activity; ethanol concentration 80.6%, extraction temperature $68.4^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 59.0 min for antimicrobial activity. The experimental values agreed with those were predicted within confidence intervals indicating the suitability of RSM in optimizing the ethanol extraction of phenolic compounds from the steam exploded oak wood. Under the optimized conditions, the experimental value of the total phenolic content was 111.8 mg GAE/g dry steam exploded oak wood, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was 65.7%, and antimicrobial activity was 17.0 mm, and those are reasonably close to the predicted values (109.2 mg GAE/g dry steam exploded oak wood, 62.3% and 15.9 mm, respectively).

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2006

바위솔 총 페놀 함량은 조사된 빛의 양 및 질소비료의 시비량과 밀접한 관계가 있으며 빛의 양이 증가될수록 질소비료의 시비량이 증가할수록 총 페놀 함량이 증가하는 경향이 관찰되었다. 총 페놀 함량은 여러 가지 조건하에서 인공적으로 재배된 바위솔보다 자연산 바위솔에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 자연산의 경우 개화 후의 총 페놀 함량이 개화 전의 총 페놀함량보다 높았다. 바위솔의 항산화능은 바위솔에 조사된 빛의 양 및 질소비료의 시비량과 관계가 있으며 빛의 양 및 질소비료의 시비량이 증가하면 대략적으로 항산화능도 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다. 인산 및 칼륨비료의 시비량과 총페놀 함량과 항산화능 사이에는 별 큰 상관관계가 없는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 임산에너지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2003

아까시나무에 있어서 알레로파시 효과를 분석하기 위해 아까시나무를 포함하여 13개 수 종에 대한 종자발아 시험을 실시하였다. 아까시나무의 뿌리와 잎의 침출액을 실험에 사용하였다. 침출액에 대한 종자 발아실험 결과 수종에 따라 실험결과가 크게 다르게 나타났다. 아까시나무 잎 침출액에서 아까시나무 종자 발아는 30%가 억제되었다. 실험한 수종가운데 무궁화와 오리나무는 뿌리 침출액에서 억제되었으나 누운측백나무는 잎의 침출액에서 발아가 억제되었다. 아까시나무의 잎과 뿌리 침출액을 HPLC분석 한 결과 알레로파시 효과를 가지고 있는 8종류의 authentic phenolic compounds를 찾아냈다. 잎에서는 전체 페놀물질 중 40%를 차지하고 있는 gentisic acid를 뿌리에서는 syringic acid와 vanillicacid를 발견하였다. 전체적으로 볼 때 뿌리에서.보다 잎에서 7배가 많은 phenolic acids가 추출되었다 조사된 8개 phenolic acid 중에서 뿌리에서는 vanillin만이 잎에서는 coumaricacid 만이 발견 되었다. 결과적으로 13수종 중에 3개 수종에서 잎과 뿌리의 침출액에서 종자 발아가 억제되었다. 종자발아 시험결과 아까시나무의 화학물질의 상호작용은 수종에 따라 차이가 많이 있음을 밝혀냈다. 아까시나무의 phenolic compound 총량은 알레로파시 역할에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았으나 이들 물길의 상승효과가 주요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추정 하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2017

본 연구는 참취의 데치기 최적 공정 조건을 확립하고 조건마다 생산된 추출물의 총 페놀 화합물, 플라보노이드의 함량, DPPH를 분석을 수행하여 항산화 활성의 변화를 연구하였다. 데치기 최적공정은 시간 과 온도를 요인으로 하여 표면반응분석법으로 수행을 하였다. 데치기 공정 후에 추출물을 제조하여 데치기가 총 페놀함량, 플라보노이드, DPPH radical 소거능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 시행한 데치기 시간 및 온도 범위에서 총 페놀 함량의 범위는 13.00 - 35.48 mg/g 이고 최대 예측 총 페놀함량은 35.48 mg/g, 플라보노이드는 함량의 범위는 2.35 - 8.38 mg/g 이고 최대 예측 플라보노이드 함량 은 8.38 mg/g, DPPH 라디칼 소거능의 범위는 42.10 - 67.14%이고 최대 예측 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 67.14%로 측정 되었다. 전체적으로 보면 총 페놀 함량, 플라보노이드, DPPH radical 소거의 변화는 데치기 시간 보다 온도에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 총 페놀 함량의 경향을 보면 데치기 시간에 따라 급격히 증가하는 것으로 보였지만 플라보노이드 함량의 경우 데치기 온도가 증가함에 따라 급격히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 총 항산화능은 데치기 온도 및 시간에 따라 증가하다가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2009

Salicornia herbacea is rich in natural minerals, dietary fibers, and potentially health-promoting phenolic compounds. In this paper, an experimental design was applied for the optimization of the ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from lyophilized Salicornia herbacea powder. The experiments were conducted in accordance with a five-level, three-variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD), and the effects of solvent concentration, extraction time, and extraction temperature were evaluated via response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration, 76.80%; extraction time, 20 min; and extraction temperature, $33.21^{\circ}C$; and the solvent concentration was the most significant parameter in this process, under which the predicted total phenolic content was 49.91 mg GAE/g sample.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.336-339
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• 2005

Common thistle contains water-soluble substances that are antioxidative to foods. Antioxidant activities measured by DPPH method for the ground samples were the greatest in leaves, although was less than that of commonly used antioxidants, BHT and ascorbic acid. Methanol extracts and fractions from Xanthium occidentale plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity, in vitro test. The extracts from leaves showed the strongest antioxidant activity. DPPH scavenging activity of the individual fraction was in order of n-butanol>water>ethyl acetate>n-hexane fraction. By means of HPLC analysis, leaf samples of Xanthium occidentale had the highest amount of phenolic compounds, related with antioxidant activity, and followed by stems and roots. Total content of these antioxidant phenolic com­pounds for leaves extracts were detected in water fraction (36.7 mg 100 $g^{-1}$) as the greatest amount, especially chlorogenic acid (39.4 mg 100 $g^{-1}$) was the greatest component. These results suggest that Xanthium occidentale plants had potent antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant part and fraction.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2019

Antioxidant activities of Ulmus davidiana root and bark extracts were evaluated by various antioxidant tests, including DPPH radical-scavenging, nitric oxide-scavenging, superoxide anion radical-scavenging, and ABTS radical-scavenging assays, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and reducing power analysis, along with the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Both the extracts showed strong antioxidant activities by these testing methods. Ulmus davidiana root extract possessed strong reducing power and nitric oxide-scavenging activity, and high scavenging activities against free radicals including the superoxide anion, and the ABTS and DPPH radicals, but a weaker scavenging activity of SOD. In contrast, the Ulmus davidiana bark extract exhibited a strong SOD-like activity, but all the other activities were weak. It was observed that the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the Ulmus davidiana root extract were higher than those of the Ulmus davidiana bark extract.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.564-569
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• 2009

Antioxidative activities, total phenolic compounds and the sulforaphane contents of cooked broccoli extracts were studied. Total phenolic compounds were determined to be 0.96 mg/g(flower) and 0.76 mg/g(stem) in fresh broccoli extracts. The total phenolic compounds of cooked broccoli extracts showed 0.92 (1 min), 0.79 (3 min), 0.67 (10 min) mg/g when a boiling process was used and 1.27 (1 min) mg/g when a steaming process was used. In the DPPH assay, the steam process showed the highest free radical scavenging capacities. Sulforaphane has been of increasing interest in the nutraceutical and phamaceutical industries due to its anti-cancer effect. Sulforaphane was isolated from fresh and boiled, steamed broccoli using dichloromethane as an extract solvent. The sulforaphane contents of fresh broccoli were higher in the flower (14.78 mg/kg) than in the stem (6.16 mg/kg). The sulforaphane content dramatically decreased after the boiling ($100{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) or steaming ($100{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) processes were used.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.295-302
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• 1984

저장 홍, 백삼 중의 Phenol계 화합물의 함량 및 항산화 활성을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 홍, 백삼중은 유리형 Phenol계 화합물의 함량은 결합형 보다 적었다. 2. 유리 Phenol계 산의 함량은 저장기간이 긴것 일수록 적었으나 결합형의 phenol 산의 함량은 별차이가 없었다. 3. 홍, 백삼중 전체 Phenol계 화합물의 50~80%를 차지하는 maltol의 함량은 홍삼과저장기간이 오랠수록 많았다. 4. 항산화 활성은 백삼에 비하여 홍삼이 강하였으나 저장기간에 따르는 차이는 인정되지 않았다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.769-775
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• 2012

Among the phenolic compounds that is generally present in strawberry fruits, five simple phenolics, three flavonoids, and a stilbene were tested for their antimicrobial activity against seven fungi and one oomycete. trans-Cinnamic acid showed strong antimicrobial activity, and the antimicrobial effect of the simple phenolics decreased with an increase in the number of hydroxyl groups. Phytophthora capsici was the most susceptible to the phenolic compounds tested in this study. trans-Cinnamic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and kaempferol were mainly detected in 'Seolhyang' strawberry fruits, and the total phenolic contents of the fruits decreased during their development. Extracts of the green (1-10% red color) and red (above 90% red color) strawberry fruits reduced the mycelial growth and zoospore germination rate of P. capsici, and the extract of red strawberry fruit showed strong antimicrobial activity against the zoospore germination of P. capsici. These results indicate that strawberry fruits contain antimicrobial phenolic compounds and that strawberry fruit extract can be used as a natural fungistat.