• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2023

Between May 2014 and April 2022, a total of 926 articles were retrieved from the international database, and a total of 233 articles were retrieved from the Korean database. From there, 14 studies were selected, and evaluated by the published year, terminology of the acupotomy, sample size, disease type, retention time, treatment sites, insertion depth and size of the acupotomy, treatment frequency, and duration, type of acupotomy manipulation method, evaluation index, therapeutic effects, adverse effects, and assessment of the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials. This study examined the need for additional acupotomy studies to secure an objective basis for the application of clinical treatment. Furthermore, the detailed description of the study methods and results and unified terminology can provide evidence for the efficacy of acupotomy.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to examine whether the combination of low-dose ketamine and propofol in deep sedation is clinically useful in controlling the behavior in intellectually disabled patients who are typically extremely noncooperative during dental procedures. Methods: A total of 107 extremely noncooperative intellectually disabled adult patients were analyzed. In all patients, deep sedation was performed using either propofol alone (group P) or using a combination of propofol and 0.2 mg/kg or 0.4 mg/kg ketamine (groups PK0.2 and PK0.4, respectively). The procedures were performed in the order of insertion of nasal cannula into the nostril, attachment of mouth gag, and mouth cleaning and scaling. The frequency of patient movement during the procedures, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, recovery time, discharge time, and postoperative nausea and vomiting were examined. Results: The three groups were significantly different only in the frequency of patient movement upon stimulation during single intravenous injection of propofol and scaling. Conclusion: For propofol deep sedation, in contrast to intravenous injection of propofol alone, prior intravenous injection of low-dose ketamine (0.4 mg/kg) is clinically useful because it neither affects recovery, nor causes side effects and can suppress patient movement and vascular pain during procedures.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.339-348
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the implant stability quotient(ISQ) values for Korean non-submerged type implant and determine the factors that affect implant stability. Methods: A total of 49 Korean non-submerged type implants were installed in 24 patients, and their stability was measured by resonance frequency analysis(RFA) at the time of surgery, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 weeks postoperatively. The data for implant site, age, sex, implant length and diameter, graft performing, bone type, and insertion torque were analyzed. Results: The lowest mean stability measurement was at 3 weeks. There was significant difference between implant placement and 12 weeks. There was significant difference between implant placement and 12 weeks in diameters of 4.1 mm and 4.8 mm. Also, there were significant differences between diameters of 4.1 mm and 4.8 mm at implant placement and 12 weeks after surgery. This result suggests that the factor related to implant diameter may affect the level of implant stability. No statistically significant relationship was found between the resonance frequency analysis and the variables of maxilla/mandible, sex, anterior/posterior, implant length, age of patient, graft performing, bone type, insertion torque during initial healing period. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the factor related to implant diameter may affect the variance of implant stability, and ISQ value of implant was stable enough for proved stability level during initial healing period.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.5.1-5.10
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• 2017

Background: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the leading causes of economic losses in the beef and dairy industry. Reliable antemortem tools for diagnosing BRD would improve the efficacy of treatment and reduce costs. Here we examined whether the relatively simple technique of thoracoscopy can support BRD diagnosis under field conditions. We also compared various equipment set-ups in order to optimize the safety and efficacy of the procedure. A total of 24 thoracoscopic procedures were performed in 17 calves diagnosed with BRD and in 2 healthy control calves. Rigid and flexible endoscopes and industrial videoscopes were tested using various insertion approaches. The suitability of the technique was assessed in terms of duration, volume of air extracted, visualization score, and image quality. Safety was assessed in terms of rectal temperature, body weight, breaths/min, presence of fibrinogen, pain score, recovery time, intraoperative complications and risk of laceration or threatening collapse. Results: Insertion of a flexible endoscope via a right, dorso-caudal approach at the $5^{th}$ intercostal space allowed complete examination of the right lung in 15 min, as well as identification of main lung lesions and adherences in calves with BRD, without compromising calf welfare. While the dorso-caudal approach was optimal, it was associated with substantial discomfort when rigid endoscopes were used, minimal complications or mortality due to thoracoscopy were observed up to 28 days after the procedure. Videoscopes were as safe and easy to use as endoscopes, but endoscopes provided better image quality. Conclusion: This study provides the first field evidence that thoracoscopy can be safe to explore BRD-diseased calves. These results justify a larger study to rigorously assess the diagnostic performance of the technique.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.578-581
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• 2015

A rigid spino-pelvic fixation to anchor long constructs is crucial to maintain the stability of long fusion in spinal deformity surgery. Besides obtaining immediate stability and proper biomechanical strength of constructs, the S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screws have some more advantages. Four Korean fresh-frozen human cadavers were procured. Free hand S2AI screw placement is performed using anatomic landmarks. The starting point of the S2AI screw is located at the midpoint between the S1 and S2 foramen and 2 mm medial to the lateral sacral crest. Gearshift was advanced from the desired starting point toward the sacro-iliac joint directing approximately $20^{\circ}$ angulation caudally in sagittal plane and $30^{\circ}$ angulation horizontally in the coronal plane connecting the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS). We made a S2AI screw trajectory through the cancellous channel using the gearshift. We measured caudal angle in the sagittal plane and horizontal angle in the coronal plane. A total of eight S2AI screws were inserted in four cadavers. All screws inserted into the iliac crest were evaluated by C-arm and naked eye examination by two spine surgeons. Among 8 S2AI screws, all screws were accurately placed (100%). The average caudal angle in the sagittal plane was $17.3{\pm}5.4^{\circ}$. The average horizontal angle in the coronal plane connecting the PSIS was $32.0{\pm}1.8^{\circ}$. The placement of S2AI screws using the free hand technique without any radiographic guidance appears to an acceptable method of insertion without more radiation or time consuming.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.136-139
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• 2009

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM. Many dental clinicians are concerned about immediate loading of inserted implants. However, there have been few clinical studies surveying the success rates of immediate loading, based on Korean implant systems. PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of immediate functional loading of the implant ($SinusQuick^{TM}$EB, Neobiotech Co., Seoul, Korea) in partially edentulous maxilla or mandible. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Total 15 implants were placed. Within 2 weeks after implant insertion, provisional implant-supported fixed partial dentures were delivered to the patients. Quantitatively, marginal bone loss was measured at the time of immediate loading, after 3-months of continued loading and at the last follow-up. The mean follow-up period was 4.8 months. RESULTS. Mean marginal bone loss from implant surgery to early loading, 3-months follow-up and last follow-up was $0.03\pm0.07$ mm, $0.16\pm0.17$ mm and $0.29\pm0.19$ mm. No implant failed up to 6 months after insertion, resulting in a 100% survival rate. CONCLUSION. Immediate loading exhibited high success rate in partial edentulism for up to 6 months. Well-controlled long term clinical studies with large sample size are necessary to confirm this finding.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-66
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• 2015

Background: Preauricular sinuses represent a common congenital abnormality in children. Classically, a preauricular sinus manifests as a small opening, usually near the anterior limb of ascending helix. The difficulty in the surgical treatment of preauricular sinus is the high recurrence rate. The aim of this article is to review the outcomes of preauricular sinus and to introduce our surgical technique and its prognosis. Methods: A single-institutional retrospective review was performed for all patients who had undergone excision of congenital periauricular sinus between October 2007 and April 2014. Medical records were reviewed for demographic information, wound complication, and recurrence rate. The sinus tract was visualized with the aid of preoperative dye instillation and intraoperative probe insertion. The skin next to the sinus opening was incised elliptically, and the tract itself was dissected medially to the end of the sinus tract and posteriorly to the cartilage of the ascending helix. Results: The review identified 44 patients for a total of 57 preauricular sinus tracts. The mean age at time of operation was 16.3 years with a range from 9 months to 65 years. Unilateral preauricular sinus tract was present in 31 patients (11 right and 20 left preauricular tract), and 13 patients had bilateral sinus tract. None of the patients had experienced wound issues postoperative, and there were no recurrent sinus tract formation or infection. Conclusion: Using a combination of dye instillation, probe insertion, and modified dissection, we were able to achieve a recurrence free series of preauricular sinus tract excision among a heterogenous group of patients. A large patient series is necessary to replicate the results of this study.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.583-589
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• 2021

Background In prosthesis-based breast reconstruction patients, the drain tends to be kept in place longer than in patients who undergo only mastectomy. Postoperative arm exercise also increases the drainage volume. However, to preserve shoulder function, early exercise is recommended. In this study, we investigated the effect of early exercise on the total drainage volume and drain duration in these patients. Methods We designed a prospective randomized trial involving 56 patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction following mastectomy using tissue expanders. In each group, the patients were randomized either to perform early arm exercises using specific shoulder movement guidelines 2 days after surgery or to restrict arm movement above the shoulder height until drain removal. The drain duration and the total amount of drainage were the primary endpoints. Results There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, or mastectomy specimen weight between the two groups. The total amount of drainage was 1,497 mL in the early exercise group and 1,336 mL in the exercise restriction group. The duration until complete removal of the drains was 19.71 days in the early exercise group and 17.11 days in the exercise restriction group. Conclusions Exercise restriction after breast reconstruction did not lead to a significant difference in the drainage volume or the average time until drain removal. Thus, early exercise is recommended for improved shoulder mobility postoperatively. More long-term studies are needed to determine the effect of early exercise on shoulder mobility in prosthesis-based breast reconstruction patients.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1993

Many types of occlusal splints are used for treatment of craniomandibular disorders. Most widely used splint among them is flat-type centric relation splint. Insertion of splint into the mouth may cause increasing of vertical dimension, masticatory muscle realignment and rearrangement of maxillo-mandibular relationship, so as a result of splint treatment, occlusal relation may vary whether you like it or not. From this point of view, occlusal state of patient shold be frequently monitored to prevent undesired or harmful effect during occlusal splint therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of occlusal splint, especially centric relation splint, on the occlusal contact state after 3 months treatment. 32 patients with craniomandibular disorders who had unilateral symptoms participated in this study. To observe and record occlusal contact state, the author used T-Scan system (Tekscan Co. U.S.A.) at both pretreatment and posttreatment. The recorded date were analyzed with regard to contact number, contact force and contact time, change of anterior tooth contact and coincidence of first contact point with affected side were observed, too. Aan last, the subjects were divided into 2 groups and compared, according to average value of VAS index, with respect to joint pain, sound and limitation of movement, respectively. The collected date were statistically processed with SPSS and the result as follows : 1. Total occlusal contact number and force were not changed by occlusal splint therapy but total occlusal contact time decreased slightly. 2. There was a tendency of increasing number of subjects with anterior tooth contact after treatment and change of first contact point side were observed in as many as 40.6% of subjects. 3. There were no difference between higher and lower group of VAS index, and between pretreatment and posttreatment in each group, either.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to introduce the method of palate repair that combines minimal hard palate dissection and radical retropositiong of levator musculature, which was presented by Sommerlad. As this method presents, additional use of the operating microscope enables atraumatic and radical dissection, and it might provide more improved speech function to the patients. A total of 17 patients with cleft palate underwent Sommerlad's method from December 2003 to August 2004. The mean follow-up period was 4.5 months. The use of a microscope provided high quality variable magnification and good illumination at the operating field. Repair was carried out through incisions at the margins of cleft with mucoperiosteal flap elevation. Muscles were rearranged and repaired properly. It was unable to evaluate the improvement of speech because the patients were too young to learn meaningful speech. Average operating time including anesthetic induction time, V-tube insertion and recovery from anesthesia was 2 hours 45 minutes which was not quite different from conventional method's operating time. Oronasal fistula developed in 2 patients of them. One of them was healed spontaneously. As meticulous and radical muscle dissection was possible with Sommerlad's method, we could minimize the trauma to the muscular and neurovascluar structure. In addition, we expect better faculty of speech as a result of this method although longer follow-up time was unavailable.