• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1546-1557
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• 2010

This study analyzes the status of foreign direct investment in Korean textiles and fashion firms and investigates the factors determining their performance. A total of 1,251 cases (including 1,116 manufacturers and 135 of distributors from the 2009/2010 Korean Overseas Business Directory published by KOTRA) were used. The results of this study are as follow: 1) In the case of manufacturers, China was the most heavily invested in country, and the Asian region that included China, Vietnam, Indonesia and Bangladesh consisted of 80% total investment. In cases of distributors, China was also the first ranking country and other countries, that included Vietnam, United States, and Japan are major ones. 2) In terms of the foreign entry mode, wholly-owned subsidiaries represented 90% of total cases. As the index of the degree of localization, the ratio of local employees was very high. 3) Different countries were utilized by year, type of business, and area of process. In manufacturers, Indonesia, China, and Vietnam were the most heavily utilized countries in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s, respectively. For distributors, China was the major market ill the 1980s and 1990s but Vietnam has emerged as the biggest market in the 2000s. In terms of area of process, China was for manufacturing fibers and fabrics, Vietnam was for most items, Indonesia was for assembly, knit, accessories, and Bangladesh was for embroidery and accessories. 4) The determining factors of the age of foreign business as the proxy index and performance of foreign business entry, were different by the type of business. For manufacturers, four factors including the dollar amount of investment, number of local employees, the mode of foreign direct investment, and entry to China were significant. On the other hand, only two factors including the dollar amount of investment and entry (other than China) were significant distributors.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.596-606
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• 2002

The three-dimensional unsteady compressible Euler equation solver with ALE, CFD code, PAM-FLOW based on FEM method has been applied to analyze the flow field around the high speed train which is entering into a channel. From the present study, the pressure and flow transients were calculated and analyzed. The generation of compression wave was observed ahead of train and the high pressure in the gap between the train and the tunnel was also found due to the blockage effects. It was found that abrupt fluctuation in pressure exists in the region from train nose to shoulder of train corresponding to 10％ of total length of train during tunnel entry. Computed time history of aerodynamic forces of train during tunnel entry show that drag coefficient rapidly rises and saturates at about non-dimensional time 0.31. The total increase of drag coefficient before and after tunnel entry is about 1.1%. Transient profile of lift force shows similar pattern to drag coefficient except abrupt drop after saturation and lift force in the tunnel increases 0.08% more than that before tunnel entry.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2010

이 연구는 회전교차로의 진입 및 진출차로 퍼짐을 다루고 있다. 연구의 목적은 회전교차로의 진입 및 진출차로 퍼짐에 따른 회전교차로의 진체 및 용량효과를 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 회전교차로 및 진출입차로 퍼짐에 따른 교통량별로 시나리오를 작성하고 VISSIM을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석된 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 1차로 및 2차로 회전교차로의 차량당 평균제어지체를 분석한 결과, 1차로 회전교차로는 총 진입교통량이 2,400pcph에서, 2차로 회전교차로는 4,400pcph에서 서비스수준 F에 도달하는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 진입차로 퍼짐 회전교차로에서 총 진입교통량 2,800~3,200pcph가 서비스수준 F인 것으로 분석되어, 1차로 회전교차로 보다 400~800pcph정도의 용량 증대가 있는 것으로 분석되었고, 진입 및 진출차로 퍼짐 회전교차로에서 총 진입 교통량 3,200~3,600pcph가 서비스수준 F인 것으로 분석되어, 1차로 회전교차로보다 800~1,200pcph정도의 용량 증대가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로, 회전교차로와 퍼짐 회전교차로의 비교분석 결과, 퍼짐 회전교차로의 용량은 1차로 회전교차로와 2차로 회전교차로의 중간 수준이므로 회전교차로의 유형에 추가할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2001

Shin-Ki-Hwan (Shen-Qi-Wan, SKH), Bo-Jung-Ik-Ki-Tang (Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, BJIKT), and Sa-Mul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT) have been used for various kinds of deficiency syndromes, such as 'yang', 'qi', and 'blood', respectively. The objects of this study were to determine the effects of water extracts of three different kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), SKH, BJIKT, and SMT, on the anxiolytic activities in the elevated plus-maze test and to clarify the differences among 'yang', 'qi', and 'blood'. The water extracts of SKH, BJIKT, and SMT were orally administered to male SD rats, at 1.0 g/kg for 10 days. All rats were subjected to behavioral tests for the anxiolytic activity at 10 days. SKH, for the benefiting 'yang'agents, significantly increased the ratio of open arms entry to the total arms entry and time spent in the open arms (p<0.05), suggesting anxiolytic effect. However, both BJIKT and SMT decreased the ratio of open arms entry to the total arms entry and increased times spent in the closed arms (p<0.05). From these findings, it can be speculated that SKH only exhibits anxiolytic effect and that the different anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze test may be come from the meanings of 'yang', 'qi', and 'blood'in oriental diagnostics though the cases are restricted.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2000

The design of reference trajectory with respect to drag acceleration is necessary to decelerate from hypersonic speed safely after atmosphere re-entry of space vehicle. The re-entry guidance design involves trajectory optimization, generation of a reference drag acceleration profile with the satisfaction of 6 trajectory constraints during the re-entry flight. This reference drag acceleration profile can be considered as the reference trajectory. The cost function is composed of the accumulated total heating on vehicle due to the reduction of weight. And a regularization is needed to prevent optimal drag profile from varying too fast and achieve realized trajectory. This paper shows the relations between velocity, drag acceleration and altitude in drag acceleration profile, and how to determine the reference trajectory.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.115-132
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 최근 급격하게 확산되고 있는 기업형 슈퍼마켓(SSM)의 시장 진입이 국내 소매업 경쟁구조에 미친 영향을 실증하는데 있다. 자료의 분석기간은 2000년 1월부터 2010년 12월까지이며, 기업형 슈퍼마켓이 월별로 진입한 점포수, 누적 점포수, 신규 SSM 사업체 중 $165m^2$ 미만 점포비율이 분석모형에 고려되어 소매업태별 상대적 시장점유율에 미치는 효과가 분석되었다. 한국표준산업분류 코드에서 종합소매업에 속해 있는 백화점, 대형마트, 슈퍼마켓, 체인화 편의점, 기타 음식료품 위주 종합 소매업으로 구분된 소매업태간 시장점유율은 매월 각 소매업태별 판매액을 합산하여 월별 총 소매판매액을 계산한 후, 각 소매업태의 판매액이 총 소매판매액에서 차지하는 비율로 측정하였다. 통제변수로 소매업태별 종사자 수, 통화량(M2)이 모형에 추가되어 분석되었다. 분석결과, 신규 SSM 시장진입으로 인한 소매업태별 시장점유율 변화는 대형마트에서만 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 도출되었다. SSM의 누적 점포수는 모든 소매업태의 시장점유율 변화에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나 그 영향력에 대한 방향성이 소매업태별로 다르게 나타났다. 먼저 SSM의 확산은 대형마트와 편의점의 시장점유율을 감소시킨 반면에 백화점, 슈퍼마켓, 기타 음식료품 위주 종합 소매점의 시장점유율에는 긍정적인 공헌을 한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 대한 논의, 시사점, 그리고 향후 연구 방향이 제시되었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.464-471
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• 2004

For the purpose of developing ‘Web-Based Nutritional Education Program’, this study did instructional analysis, analysis of entry behaviors and learner characteristics to select instructional contents for nutritional education program for junior/senior high school students. Survey questionnaires were distributed from October 21, 2002 to October 26, 2002 to a total of 564 junior/senior high school students in Seoul. The total number of questionnaires collected and used in our study was 479, which is 84.9% of the total questionnaires distributed. As a result of the curriculum analysis of ‘Technology-Home economics’, subjects related with ‘food and nutrition’ in the 7$^{th}$ educational course study result, lessons including the contents of food and nutrition were ‘nutrition and meal of adolescent’ in 7th grade, ‘family meal management’ in 9th grade and ‘practice of home life’ in 10th grade. According to the curriculum analysis, ‘nutrition’ and ‘food’ were chosen for the superior subjects of nutrition education program and four subordinate subjects per superior one were developed. Then, entry behaviors and learner characteristics were analyzed： life characteristics, internet usage, anthropometrics data and nutritional knowledge. Students were interested in using computer and preferred passive activity to dynamic activity. According. to the analysis of internet usage, WBI for students should composed active parts such as game, moving image, immediate reply and follow-up bye-mail, bulletin board and com- munity activity. Students’ BMI were in normal range but they were lacked nutritional knowledge. We wrote performance objectives that were specific behavior skills to be learned, the conditions under which they must be performed and the criteria for successful performance. The next step for developing the WBI nutrition education program would be based on the results mentioned above.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.195-211
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• 2021

This paper measures the economic impacts of the U.S. port investment strategies coping with the Panama Canal expansion. Using secondary import data, negative and positive estimates of the impacts were presented in this study. Reduced port activities into the West Coast Customs Districts negatively affect transportation and warehousing industries, among other effects. Still, they have simultaneous positive effects in other states from increased imports resulting from modal shifts and changes in the entry port located in the South and East coasts. This study applied the supply-driven National Interstate Economic Model that measures all interstate trade among the U.S. states to divert foreign imports from 15 Pacific Rim countries. For this purpose, the following assumption was adopted: larger ships using the canal will lead to a redirection of seaborne trade among U.S. (and other) ports and result in secondary effects, e.g., using different freight modes and regional growth spillovers. This study also accounted for the entry point change and significant port investments for foreign trade under alternative scenarios. The choice of ports for international trade depends on decisions about how to minimize multimodal delivery costs. The total direct reduction of transportation and warehousing activities associated with foreign imports in the West Coast ports was estimated at $3.3 billion, leading to total negative effects of $5.8 billion. Total positive impacts from the shift of transportation modes with the choice of an entry port and new warehousing activities for foreign imports in the selected 12 states varied. As expected, states that involved an entry port had the most prominent benefits, but Texas, New York, and New Jersey may be benefited through all the port enhancement projects in the U.S. Also, except for Transportation and Postal, and Warehousing industries, Construction is another dominant positive affected industry of the Canal expansion in the U.S.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.759-763
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• 2015

The breeding of domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) for human consumption has a long tradition in China. Infections that can affect the production of meat or even be transmitted from animals to humans are important to monitor, especially for public health reasons as well as for their impact on animal health. Thus, a total of 1,132 domestic rabbit sera from 4 regions in China were collected for serological screening for Encephalitozoon cuniculi and for Toxoplasma gondii by ELISA and modified agglutination test (MAT), respectively. Antibodies to E. cuniculi were detected in 248/1,132 (21.9%) sera tested while antibodies against T. gondii revealed a seroprevalence of 51/1,132 (4.5%). We believe that the present results are of epidemiological implications and public health importance due to the acknowledged susceptibility of humans to E. cuniculi and T. gondii infections. Therefore, routine screening tests of domestic rabbits are proposed considering the zoonotic potential of these parasites.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.43-54
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• 1981

In a complex production system, the efficient control of order entry-production schedule-shippment cycle is one of the most important managerial aspects. In this paper, an aggregate control mechanism has been developed. The result showed steps for improving and for optimizing the total systems efficiency. A simplified guidelines for a con ceptual data base has been suggested.