• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.161-176
• /
• 2010

Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations were developed to investigate the effectiveness of geosynthetic reinforcement and the effectiveness of maintenance techniques performed on a simulated ballast bed subjected to dynamic loading. The results from four samples subjected each one to a total of 425 load cycles are presented: one unreinforced and unmaintained sample, one unmaintained but reinforced sample, one unreinforced sample subjected to maintenance in the form of stoneblowing after 200 load cycles, and one unreinforced sample subjected to maintenance in the form of tamping after 200 load cycles. The obtained values of permanent deformation as a function of the applied number of load cycles for the four cases are presented together allowing a comparison of the effectiveness of each technique. Moreover, snapshots of the simulated track sections are presented at different moments of the simulations. The simulations indicated that the geosynthetic reinforcement may not be beneficial for the analyzed case while stoneblowing was the most effective maintenance technique.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.157-168
• /
• 2011

This study was designed to identify satisfaction with Hospital Information System(HIS) and the factors affecting them in hospital administrators. The data was collected for 24 days from Mar. 02 to 25, 2011. Among a total of 82 cases of the questionnaires, only 76 cases were used. From the survey, it was made known that there was statistically significant difference in speed, preciseness and stability of environmental factors depending on the type of hospitals while significant difference was found in stability by number of beds. Among the factors of system operation, the administrational method affected speed, preciseness, stability and convenience statistically significantly whereas, however, preciseness, stability and convenience became significantly different depending on the number of staff members. As for the factors that could exercise influence upon satisfaction with administrative service of the HIS, it was revealed that statistically considerable impact could be caused under management of own EDPS expert as well as under comanagement by the medical institution and professional business entity in case of hospital.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.3-10
• /
• 2015

Background: Previous studies showed differences in healthcare utilization among insurance types. This study aimed to analyze the difference in healthcare utilization for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty inpatients by insurance types after controlling factors affecting healthcare utilization using propensity score matching (PSM). Methods: The 2011 national inpatient sample based on health insurance claims data was used for analysis. PSM was used to control factors influencing healthcare utilization except insurance types. Length of stay and total charges were used as healthcare utilization variables. Patients were divided into National Health Insurance (NHI) and Medical Aid (MA) patients. Factors representing inpatients (gender, age, admission sources, and Elixhauser comorbidity index) and hospitals (number of doctors, number of beds, and location of hospitals) were used as covariates in PSM. Results: Tertiary hospitals didn't show significant difference in length of stay and total charges after PSM between two insurance types. However, MA patients showed significantly longer length of stay than that of NHI patients after PSM in general hospitals. Multivariate regression analysis provided that admission sources, Elixhauser comorbidity index, insurance types, number of doctors, and location of hospitals (province) had significant influences on the length of stay in general hospitals. Conclusion: Study results provided evidences that healthcare utilization was differed by insurance types in general hospitals. Health policy makers will need to prepare interventions to influence the healthcare utilization differences between insurance types.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2014

Objective : The aim of this study is to review the historical development and current situation of Mongolian traditional medicine. Method : Systematic literature review for books, journals, governments statistics, reports on mongolian traditional medicine was carried out. Results : The theory of Mongolian traditional medicine is influenced by the philosophy and medical theories of the ancient orient such as India, Tibet and China-theories of hot and cold, principle of yin and yang and five elements. There are very unique treatments like brain tram concussion, fermented horse milk treatment as well as moxibustion, acupuncture, and blood letting. It appears that they are very closed to nomadic life. Training program of each institutes need to be standardized. Mongolian traditional medicine had been almost destroyed by the influence of communist idea from 1930s until the end of the 1980s. Since 1990, Mongolian government put much emphasis on the development of traditional medicine. And now about 3.7% of total beds is traditional medicine one and that there are six TM schools and the total number of traditional medicine in 2012 is 1696. However, there are still the lack of manpower, facilities, standardized training program and scientific research for traditional medicine. Conclusion : Mongolian traditional medicine has been developed over centuries in response to Mongolia's unique geographical and climate conditions and the lifestyles of its people and that made contribution to the health of mongolian people. However, it needs to be strengthened because there are poor infrastructure and training program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 1997

The productivity of a hospital foodservice system has a significant implication in hospital management as costs for labor and material increase, competitions among hospitals increase, and patients' expectations as to the quality of hospital services increase. The foodservice is characterized by its labor intensiveness. The objective of this study was to examine associations between operational and managerial factors and the productivity of dishwashing work in hospital foodservice systems. The labor productivity in 20 conventional food service systems was assessed and related to a number of influencing variables within the system. The productivity measurement was based upon the total dish equivalents as a ratio of the total direct and non-direct labor hours required to wash these dishes. 20 hospitals with more than 500 beds located in Seoul were surveyed to obtain data for study variables. Questionnaire and a survey form were mailed. Statistical methods used in this study were descriptive analysis and Pearson product moment correlation analysis. Hospital system characteristic which was found to correlate significantly with productivity was the ratio of dish loss. As this increased, the productivity level increased.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.3096-3106
• /
• 1973

As a link in the chain of antidrought measure, our attempt is made to obtain basic informations on the construction of an infiltration gallary which can be supplied with irrigation water by catching of underground water in small river beds, which is economical, permanent and efficient. The experiment was made, concerning the structure of catchment conduits, by constructing a model sand tank $1.5m{\times}5m{\times}1.5m$ in dimension made of reinforced concrete. Various kinds of measuring equipment were attached to the model tank which contains a set of catchment conduits, each of them was made 30cm in diameter and 60cm in length with the ratio of sectional area to total area of influx holes 10:1, 20:1, 30:1. The average size of influx holes was fixed from 0mm to 10mm, 20mm and 30mm in diameter respectively. Obtained results are as follow; (a) In view of the water catchment capacity, manufacturing cost and the antipressure strength of the catchment conduits, it is the best method to decide the total number of influx holes 20 per sq. meter of each tile surface, and the size of influx holes 20mm in diameter, when the conduits have diameter less than 1m. (b) The greatest factor of safety against external load is to arrange the influx holes in a zigzag manner on the tile surface. The most effective formula of arrangement is $S{\geqq}\sqrt{2gd}$ where: s : spacing of opening row. g : spacing of opening line. d : diameter of influs hole.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.101-110
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of ego-resilience, nursing professionalism and empathy on clinical competency and to suggest strategies for improving the clinical competency of general hospital nurses. Methods: Data collection was performed from Jan. 18th, 2019 to Feb. 14th. A total of 194 nurses from four general hospitals participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS 23.0. Results: The factors affecting the clinical competency of general hospital nurses included ego-resilience (β=.28, p<.001), nursing professionalism (β=.20, p=.011), empathic concern (β=.19, p=.003), working department (β=-.17, p=.008), total clinical career (β=.15, p=.011), and number of beds (β=.13, p=.033). These factors accounted for 33.0% of the clinical competency (p<.001). Conclusion: It is important to find ways to improve the level of empathy of general hospital nurses and there is a need to include education programs or practical interventions to strengthen empathy at the clinical level.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.495-501
• /
• 2009

The study was conducted in 2007~2008 in order to understand preference of physical microhabitat on the $1^{st}$-class endangered species, Gobiobotia naktongensis inhabiting the Gam Stream, tributary of Nakdong River. The total number of fish caught from the study sites was 3,671 representing 7 families 24 species. There were 8 Korean endemic species including Odontobutis platycephala, and 2 introduced species (Carassius cuvieri, Micropterus salmoides) were found. According to investigation and analysis of physical microhabitat on Gobiobotia naktongensis caught in the Gam Stream, a total of 57 individuals were found at shallow depth (0.14~0.46 m) and run (0.239~0.585m $sec^{-1}$). As a result of sieve analysis, stream beds consisted of about 1% gravel and 99% sand (83.4% coarse sand, 15.6% find sand). Therefore, Gobiobotia naktongensis seemed to inhabit shallow-run with coarse sand bed than deep-pool microhabitat. The findings indicate preference of physical microhabitat on Gobiobotia naktongensis, and it is important to enhance efficiency of fish conservation and ecological restoration with understanding species-specific characteristics in microhabitat including protected species.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.31-45
• /
• 2003

This study is designed to produce basic data on the nursing intervention between infants and mothers after discharge from hospitals. This research is carried by investigating the nursing intervention during their after-delivery staying in the hospitals located in Pusan. The object of this study includes the neonatal wards of 51 hospitals. Data collection was carried from the 3rd of September, 2001 to the 4th of October in the same year. Tools for measurement using in this research is the nursing checklist designed by these researchers. The data were analyzed by using SPSS and the output was produced in frequency and percentage considering general characteristics and nursing activities. On the course of investigation, it was revealed that the average number of items checked are as follows; total beds in one hospital came up to 360.1, the beds in each newborn infant ward came up to 36.1, in each ward the numbers of incubators came up to 9.2 and intensive care unit to 1.7. In each ward 8.4 nurses and 2.9 nurse aids were working at that time. In each hospital, secure of air way, physical examination, eye care, umbilical cord care, maintenance of body temperature, identification of infant, nutritive condition, safety and danger management, infection management, mother-infantile interaction, medical assistant to doctor, medication and discharge education were comparatively well done. But, in case of emotional, social and cognitive aspect of nursing activities through interactions between newborn infants and nurses as substitutes are not reached to the adequate level. In the end, this study hereby suggests that further investigation on the device to facilitate the interaction between newborn infant and nurse as a nursing intervention of high quality.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.170-177
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The first regional trauma center selected in Korea was the Gachon University Gil hospital regional trauma center; expectation on its role has been high because of its location in the Seoul metropolitan region. To determine if those expectations are being met, we analyzed the patients visiting the center and their treatment experiences for the past 3 years in order to propose a standard for the operation of a trauma center. Methods: The visiting route, visiting methods, performance of emergency surgery, the ward and the length of stay, the injury mechanism, the injury severity score (ISS), the department that managed the surgery, and the cause of death were analyzed for 367 patients visiting the center from its establishment in June 2011 through December 2013. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47 years (285 male and 82 female patients). A total of 187 patients directly visited the center whereas 180 were transferred to the center. Traffic accidents comprised the majority of injury mechanisms, and 178 patients underwent emergency surgery. The mean length of stay per patient was 11 days for those in the ICU and 27 days for those in a general ward. These patients occupied 4 beds in the ICU and 10 beds in the general ward per day. A total of 1.21 surgeries were performed per patient, and the mean number of surgeries performed per day was 0.49. The mean ISS was 15.91, and 183 patients (50%) had an ISS of ${\geq}16$. Thirty-one patients died; they had a mean ISS of 28.42. The most frequent cause of death was multi-organ failure. The mean number of treatment consultations during a patient's stay was 6.32. Forty-five patients (13%) were discharged from the center, and 291 (79%) were transferred to another hospital. Conclusion: A systematic approach to establishing a treatment model for trauma patients, including injury mechanism, multidisciplinary treatment, and trauma surgeon intervention, is required for treating trauma patients.