• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.748-760
• /
• 2019

This study examined the difference of dietary intake behavior between groups of adults aged >20 years with or without dyslipidemia, and comparing the various types of dyslipidemia, based on the Seventh (2016) KNHANES. Men showed higher rate for triglyceridemia and LDL-cholesterolemia than women and subjects in the age group 50-59 years exhibited the highest incidence of triglyceridemia, total cholesterolemia and HDL-cholesterolemia. The ratio of obese people was higher in most types of dyslipidemias. The top five foods in each group of cereal & grain, meat, vegetable, and fruit were selected for analysis, based on the food frequency. The dyslipidemia group showed higher intake frequencies for mixed grains, cabbage kimchi and leafy vegetable than the no-dyslipidemia group, and the group with high blood total cholesterol for mixed grains, apple, and cutlassfish-croaker. Group with high blood triglyceride showed higher intake frequencies of rice and mackerel-mackerel pike than the other groups of high blood triglyceride. No food showed significant difference in the frequencies between groups of LDL-cholesterol. Group with high blood HDL-cholesterol showed higher intake frequency of bibim-fried rice, deep fried chicken, stir fried chicken, apple, tangerine, banana and butter-margarine. These results indicate that people with high levels of blood total cholesterol are more concerned with food having health benefits than those with abnormal levels of other blood lipid. More information on dietary benefits need to be provided to patients having high levels of triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.67-88
• /
• 2007

Objectives : To present proper protocol as global standard- clinical study about acupuncture treatment, and to demonstrate effectiveness of Sa-am Acupuncture treatment for obesity. Methods : We randomly allocated participants to treatment group 1 and 2. The group 1 is treated by real acupuncture and the group 2 is treated by Kim Sham Acupuncture. We treated Bi-jang seung-gyeok (脾臟勝格) ; Daedon(LR1), EunBaek(SP1) Gyoung-geo(LU8) Sang-gu(SP5), to both group. Primary outcomes were measured by the Body Composition Analysis(Inbody. Korea). Secondary outcomes were measured by Blood Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL Cholesterol. Results : After treatment, the group 1 shown significant weight loss that analysed by Kruskal-Wallis certification, but didn't show notable change in body fat, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol. Group 2 didn't show significant change in body weight, body fat, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, but total cholesterol was notably decreased. Controled group was not changed in body weight, body fat. Aftter treatment, 3 groups didn't show significant change in body weight, body fat, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.852-857
• /
• 2008

The effects of Bulnesia sarmienti water extract on lipid metabolism were investigated in type-1 diabetes rats. The rats were fed a basal diet and B. sarmienti water extract for 8 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to each treatment group: normal, control, three kinds of treatment group (BWO: 0.45 mg/ml, BW1: 0.9 mg/ml, BW2: 1.8 mg/ml). After 8 weeks of experimental diets consumption, the body weights and food efficiency ratio of B. sarmienti water extract fed groups were not change with those in the control group. The concentration in plasma total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride were significantly decrease in the B. sarmienti water extract groups compared with those in the control group. Although it was not possible to observe blood glucose control effects of eight weeks of B. sarmienti water extract feeds in type-1 diabetes model, it was discovered that the feeds are highly effective in lowering the levels of blood lipid substances triglycerides, total-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2004

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of L-carnitine on the components of serum and liver and the effects on the anti-oxidant system. For this purpose, five experimental groups were setup. For fat source, perilla oil enough with unsaturated fatty acid and beeftallow enough with saturated fatty acid were supplemented together with L-carnitine to the rats. Five experimental groups kept eight Sprague-Dawley rats respectively, They were co group supplemented with basic diet or AIN-93, PO group supplemented with perilla oil, POC group supplemented with perilla oil and L-carnitine, BT group supplemented with beeftallow, and BTC group supplemented with beeftallow and L- carnitine. The results are. 1) Weight gain, food intake and FER were not different significantly among the experimental groups. 2) Significant difference was observed in serum total lipid(P<0.05), serum triglyceride(P<0.05), serum total cholesterol (P<0.05)and serum LDL cholesterol(P<0.05). Serum total lipid and serum triglyceride were significantly low in the groups supplemented with L-carnitine. Serum total cholesterol showed difference with the supplementation of L-carnitine in BTC only. LDL cholesterol showed no significant difference with the supplementation of L-carnatine, but total values of LDL-cholesterol were high in groups supplemented with beeftallow. 3) Total cholesterol in liver was low in POC group with the supplementation of L-carnitine however, there was no difference in BTC group with the supplementation of L-carnitine. In summary, dietary L-carnitine did not influence the weight gain, food intake and food efficiency ratio among the experimental groups, but had an effect of lowering the serum total lipid and triglyceride significantly in both groups which were supplemented with L-carnitine. The effect of lowering of sew total cholesterol with the supplementation of L-carnitine in beeftallow group(BTC) only. The effect of lowering of liver total cholesterol with the supplementation of L-carnitine in perilla oil group(POC) only.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1412-1418
• /
• 2003

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Yukgunja-tang(YGJT) on the change of weight and serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid level in obese mice induced by high fat diet. I fed normal group fed normal diet and administered DDW 0.2㎖ during 7 weeks, control group fed high fat diet and administered DDW 0.2㎖ during 7 weeks, sample A group fed high diet and administered YGJT 300mg/kg 0.2㎖ during 7 weeks, sample B group fed high diet and administered YGJT 500mg/kg 0.2㎖ during 7 weeks. The results were as follows ; 1. Sample A and Sample B were significantly decreased body weight(4weeks) and serum free fatty acid level in comparison with control group. 2. Sample A was significantly decreased body weight(7weeks), serum total cholesterol level and serum total lipid level, but significantly increased serum HDL-cholesterol level in comparison with control group. 3. Sample A was decreased serum LDL-cholesterol level, serum triglyceride level and serum phospholipid level in comparison with control group. 4. Sample B was increased serum HDL-cholesterol level in comparison with control group. 5. Sample B was decreased body weight(7weeks), serum total cholesterol level, serum LDL-cholesterol level, serum triglyceride level, serum total lipid level and serum phospholipid level in comparison with control group. According to above results, I suggest YGJT is able to be used for the herbal medication of obesity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.884-888
• /
• 2009

Effect of citrus pectin oligosaccharides produced by irradiation was studied on the ability to improve lipid metabolism and hypercholesterolemia in mice fed high cholesterol diets. A total of 35 mice were divided into 5 groups and fed the following diets for 6 weeks: normal diet (C), 0.5% cholesterol (CH), 0.5% cholesterol+5% non-irradiated pectin (P), 0.5% cholesterol+5% irradiated pectin at 20 kGy (PIR), and 0.5% cholesterol+5% irradiated at 20 kGy and dialyzed (PIR-F). CH group had significantly higher serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol contents than pectin oligosaccharide-treated groups (p<0.05). Triglycerides and total cholesterol contents was the lowest in C and PIR-F and followed by PIR and P group, and CH group had significantly higher LDL-cholesterol. Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol content in C group was not different from that in CH and P groups, but lower than that of PIR and PIR-F groups. These results suggest that pectin oligosaccharides produced by irradiation can reduce the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol in the blood of mice fed high-cholesterol diets and therefore, irradiation can be used as a tool to produce functional oligosaccharides from citrus pectin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.384-391
• /
• 1996

This study was designed to investigate effects of lobster shrimp chitosan on serum and liver lipid levels in rats fed high fat and cholesterol diets. Male Sprague-Dawley rats of 4-weeks old, weighing 70$\pm$5g, were fed experimental diets for 3 weeks: basal diet+5% cellulose(group 1), high lipid diet+5% cellulose(group 2, control group), high lipid diet+5% balloon flower root(group 3), high lipid diet+5% cellulose(group 4, high lipid diet+5% lobster shrimp chitosan(group 5). Concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, phospholipid in serum and liver were determined. The results obtained were as followes: Serum total cholesterol concentration were significantly reduced in all supplemented group compared with control. HDL-cholesterol concentrations were higher in groups 1, 4, and 5 and the ratios of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol concentration were higher in groups 1, 4, while the atherogenic-indices were lower in groups 1, and 4 than control. Concentrations of LDL, LDL-cholesterol and free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester were significantly lower in all supplemented groups than the control group. Concentrations of phospholipid and triglyceride were lower in groups 3, 4, 5, while activities of GPT and GOT were significantly lower in groups 4, 5 than the other group. Concentrations of calcium, magnesium and phosphorous were high in all treatment groups compared to the control group. Liver contents of total cholesterol, free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester were lower in the groups 1, 3, 4, and 5 than in the control group, especially lower in groups 1, and 5. Liver triglyceride and phospholipid concentrations were significantly lower in the groups 1, and 5 than in the other groups. The results from the data suggested that the experimental diet containing 5% lobster shrimp chitosan was effective to reduce the serum and liver lipids.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.865-870
• /
• 2003

Opuntia ficus-indica is widely used as folk medicine for burned wound, edema and indigestion, etc. After the adaptation of rats for seven days, OF (200mg/kg) was administered into rats intraperitoneally every day for two weeks. On the 14th day, $3.3m\ell$ of $CCl_4$ (50% $CCl_4$ : Olive oil = 1 : 1) was treated to rats and on the 15th day, they were operated. We measured the levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total lipid and triglyceride (TG) in serum and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue. Opuntia ficus-indica and $CCl_4$-treated group (OFC) significantly decreased lipid peroxidation by 32.6% compared to $CCl_4$-treated abnomal group (CTA). Total lipid and TC of OFC administered group were lower than those of CTA group. Cholesterol levels showed significant effect in OFC group. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in OFC administered group were decreased by 12.7% and 17.4%, respectively, compared to those of CTA group. HDL-cholesterol in OFC administration group was increased by 19.7% compared to CTA group. This finding suggests that lipid peroxidation was inhibited in the significant level when $CCl_4$-induced rats were treated with OF. Based on this analysis, further study to identify the active components in this sample is warranted.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.175-180
• /
• 2005

Green tea, which has high polyphenols amount, is thought to have hypocholesterolemic effects. The present study was performed to further examine the hypocholesterolemic action of green tea, especially (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for its effect on diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=15) were fed a green tea-free diet (control), $1.0\%$ green tea catechin (catechin) or $0.5\%$ green tea catechin EGCG for seven weeks. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by adding $1\%$ cholesterol and $0.5\%$ cholic acid to all diets. There was no difference in food intake and body weight gain among the groups. The green tea EGCG treatment led to a significant improvement in plasma levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL)/LDL ratio (p<0.05). There was no significant effect on the plasma HDL-cholesterol level. The catechin treatment led to a 4.19-fold increase in the LDL-receptor mRNA level compared to the control, but the EGCG treatment did not affect the hepatic LDL-receptor mRNA level. Our results suggest that when blood cholesterol level is down-regulated by green tea EGCG, the LDL receptor gene-independent pathway may dominate the hypocholesterolemic action of EGCG.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.497-501
• /
• 2000

We investigated the effect of tea fungus/kombucha(TF) beverage on serum and liver lipid metabolism in growing male rats. The rats(Sprague-Dawley) were divided into five groups; control(TF free water), 20 or 40% TF groups(20 or 40% TF in water) and 20 or 40% TFS groups(20 or 40% TF autoclaved in water) according to the level of TF supplementation. The rats were fed ad libitum each of the experimental beverage for 7 weeks. The body weight gain of all the TF and TFS groups were similar to that of the control group. The total lipid and triglyceride concentrations of serum in the 40% TF group were increased more than those in the control group, but those in the 20% TF and 20% TFS groups were similar to that of the control group. The total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol concentrations, HDL-cholesterol / total cholesterol ratio and atherogenic index of serum in all the TF and TFS groups were similar to those of the control group. The LDL-cholesterol concentration of serum was significantly lower in the 20% TF group than that in the control group. The LDL-cholesterol concentration of serum was significantly lower in the 20% TF group than that in the control group, but those of the 40% TF, 20% TFS and 40% TFS groups were similar to that of the control group. The liver weights of all the TF and TFS groups were heavier than that of the control group. The concentrations of hepatic triglyceride in the 20% TF and 20% TFS groups were significantly decreased, compared with that in the control group. The concentrations of hepatic total cholesterol in all the TF and TFS groups were significantly more decreased than that in the control group. These results indicated that the liver weights of tea fungus/kombucha beverage feeding rats were increased, also the serum triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations of 40% TF feeding rats were increased. but the serum LDL-cholesterol, hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels of 20% TF feeding rats were decreased.