• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2019

Eucommiae Cortex (EC), bark of Eucommia ulmoides, has been known as a traditional medicine to regulate hypertension and immune system. Because silk of gum in the EC blocks the release of active ingredients, EC generally has been utilized after processing with carbonization or salt-water to breakdown it. This study aimed to investigate the differences of non-processed EC and processed EC on antioxidant and anticancer properties. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by measuring the content of total polyphenols, reducing power, and ABTS radical scavenging effect. And anticancer effects were examined by evaluating the viability of pancreatic cancer cells and wound healing ability. The results demonstrated that processed EC contained more content of polyphenols and exhibited more potent reducing power and radical scavenging effect than non-processed EC. In addition, processed EC more efficiently inhibited proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. These results suggest that processing of medicinal plants can improve the biological properties such as antioxidant or anticancer activity, which may lead to the development of herbal medicine treatment technology.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1982

Six flue-cured cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum L., 15 possible $F_1$ hybrids and 15 $F_2$ populations among them, and 15 haploid populations of $F_1$ hybrids and 6 haploid from parents, were evaluated. The variances of general combining ability were predominant for all characters studied in $F_1$ hybrid and $F_2$ population, and in haploid populations of $F_1$ hybrids except leaf width, value and reducing sugar. There were significant correlations between generations in variances and ranks of parental GCA effects estimated from general combining ability analysis of $F_1,\;F_2$ and haploid generation of $F_1$ hybrids for yield, stem height, days to flower. leaves per plant, value and total alkaloids.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to elucidate the difference in the amount of phytochemicals and anti-oxidant activities of the freeze-dried 5th instar 3rd day silkworm powder (FDSP) and 7 HongJams (HJs). Three primary colors of light of 8 silkworm powders revealed why each sample had unique color. The visual and absorption spectrum analyses of 80% methanol (MeOH) extracts of 8 silkworm powders revealed that white jade (WJ)-FDSP extracts showing strong forest-green colors had different absorption spectrum from 7 HJs. Among 7 HJs, the absorption spectrum of light green silkworm (LGS)-HJ extract was different from those of other HJ extracts. The amounts of total flavonoids and phenolic compounds of WJ-FDSP were 423.0±9.21% and 252.3±12.86%, respectively, more than those of WJ-HJ. Among 7 HJs, the amounts of total flavonoids and phenolic compounds in LGS-and red silkorm (RS)-HJ extracts were significantly more than those of WJ-HJ extract. Consistent with the amounts of phytochemicals, radical scavenging activity and reducing ability of WJ-FDSP extract were significantly higher that other HJ extracts. Among 7 silkworm powder extracts, LGS-HJ extract showed significantly higher radical scavenging activity and reducing ability than those of WJ-HJ extract. But, RS-HJ extract only showed significantly higher radical scavenging activity than that of WJ-HJ extract. Taken together, the amounts of phytochemicals in 8 silkworm powders contributed on their colors and anti-oxidant activities.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1218-1223
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• 2009

Total phenolics and antioxidant activities of water and 80% methanol extract of chestnut inner skin were investigated. The antioxidant properties of both extracts of chestnut inner skin were evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, reducing power, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and inhibitory effects on ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching. The 80% methanol extract of inner skin exhibited the higher DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activities, reducing power, and FRAP than water extract of inner skin and did also in a concentration-dependent manner. However, inhibitory effects on ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching of 80% methanol extract was similar to those of water extract, 35.09 and 39.07% at 1 mg/mL, respectively. The total phenolic contents of water and 80% methanol extract from chestnut inner skin were 5,801.42 and 9,735.56 mg/100 g, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that gallic acid was the predominant phenolic compound in water and 80% methanol extract from inner skin. These water and 80% methanol extracts of chestnut inner skin can be utilized as an effective and safe source of antioxidants.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2017

Antioxidant rich green leafy vegetables including garden spinach leaf, water spinach leaf, Indian spinach leaf, and green leaved amaranth were selected to evaluate the effects of water boiling and oil frying on their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), reducing power (RP), and antioxidant capacity. The results revealed that there was a significant increase in TPC, TFC, and RP in all the selected vegetables indicating the effectiveness of the cooking process on the antioxidant potential of leafy vegetables. Both cooking processes enhanced significantly (P<0.05) the radical scavenging ability, especially the oil fried samples showed the highest values. There is a significant reduction in the vitamin C content in all the vegetables due to boiling and frying except in the Indian spinach leaf. However, the present findings suggest that boiling and frying can be used to enhance the antioxidant ability, by increasing the bioaccessibility of health-promoting constituents from the four vegetables investigated in this study.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1986

인삼의 부산물중에서 박의 활용가능성을 조사하기 위하여 박의 구성성분, ext의 DPPH 환원력, 효모생육에 미치는 영향 및 효모균체내의 amino acid함량등에 미치는 영향등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 박내에는 총당이 43~46%, 조단백이 14~15%, n-BuOH ext함량은 0.18% 였으며 alcohol박의 물ext는 alcohol ext에 비해 약 46%정도의 DPPH환원력이 남아있었으며 박ext를 첨가하고 효모를 배양시켰을 때 효모의 생육에 필요한 영양물질이나 생육을 촉진하는 물질이 박ext내에 존재하고 있다는 것을 알았으며 알콜박의 물추출물을 첨가하여 배양한 효모균체의 amino acid함량이 다른 ext를 첨가한 효모균체보다 많았다. 박에 cellulase를 0.1%, 20분간 처리로 박ext의 수율을 250%정도 증가시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.312-319
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• 2008

The principal objective of was to assess the effects of herb extracts on the antioxidant activity and quality characteristics of Maejakgwa. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be the highest by a significant degree in the rosemary, lavender, thyme, lemon balm and olive samples, in order. With regard to electron donating ability, increasing concentrations of added herbs resulted in a more significant rise in the DPPH radical scavenging effect in a range of concentrations of between $100{\sim}1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. In particular, the rosemary, lavender, and thyme samples were shown to be lower in antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid, but higher than a-tocopherol, thus the antioxidant activities detected in the rosemary, lavender, and thyme samples were considered to be excellent. With regard to reducing ability, increases in the concentration of added herb extract resulted in significant growth. However, the anti-oxidative activity detected in the rosemary extract was indicated to be superior even to that of $\alpha$-tocopherol when added to concentrations of $500{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. In our assessment of external appearance, color, flavor, texture, and overall quality, the highest preference was seen in the control group and in the group with 2% added rosemary extract. The lowest score was earned in the group with a 5% addition of rosemary. The functional ingredients and antioxidant activities of the samples were excellent. Our results appear to indicate that rosemary has some value as a natural antioxidant that can prevent oxidation in food.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.208-217
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• 2011

총 페놀 화합물과 플라보노이드 함량은 $53.4{\pm}1.2\;mg$/100 g, $644.7{\pm}3.7\;mg$/100 g으로 ethyl acetate 추출물에서 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 전자공여능도 $50\;{\mu}{\ell}$/mL에서 $80.93{\pm}0.58%$로 대조구인 BHT($63.21{\pm}0.72$) 보다 활성이 높았으며, 농도가 증가함에 따라 전자공여능 역시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 환원력 역시 농도가 $1,000\;{\mu}{\ell}$/mL일 때 ethyl acetate 추출물에서 1.769로 가장 뛰어난 활성을 보였다. $H_2O_2$, $FeCl_2$ 및 $CuSO_4$에 대한 항산화 활성도 머루 과피 용매별 추출물의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 유의적으로 활성이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, ethyl acetate 추출물에서 가장 활성이 높았다. 아질산염 소거능은 pH 1.2의 반응조건에서 R$1,000\;{\mu}{\ell}$/mL의 농도 첨가 시 ethyl acetate 추출물이 $92.5{\pm}2.4%$의 소거능을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.961-966
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• 2006

머루 과피 용매추출물의 전자공여 작용, 환원력, SOD 유사활성, TBARS 및 아질산염 소거작용을 측정하여 항산화 기능을 규명하고자 하였다. 총 페놀과 플라보노이드 함량이 가장 높은 ethyl acetate 추출물의 경우 전자공여 작용도 $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 $79.2{\pm}0.06%$로 BHT$(74.1{\pm}0.15%)$보다 더 활성이 높았고, 추출물의 농도에 비례하여 전자공여 작용과 환원력은 유의적으로 증가하였다. SOD 유사활성은 $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 ethyl acetate와 butanol 추출물에서 각각 $25.1{\pm}0.41%$와 $20.2{\pm}0.13%$로 다른 추출물에 비해 높은 활성을 보였다. $FeCl_2$와 $CuSO_4$에 대한 항산화 활성도 추출물의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 그 활성이 증가하는 경향이었는데, ethyl acetate 추출물은 ascorbic acid보다 항산화 활성이 높았다. 머루 과피 용매추출물의 아질산염 소거작용은 pH 2.5에서 ethyl acetate$(90.5{\pm}0.75%)$>butanol$(65.9{\pm}2.16%)$>hexane$(58.1{\pm}1.74%)$>chloroform$(55.4{\pm}1.02%)$>water$(40.9{\pm}0.35%)$ 추출물의 순으로 소거작용이 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 머루 과피의 항산화 활성은 ethyl acetate 추출물에서 가장 우수하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.256-263
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• 1985

In order to investigate the inferior factor of red ginseng quality, the contents of various chemical components, physico-chemical properties and arrangement state of ginseng cells were observed. Contents of total reducing sugar, reducing sugar, crude protein, crude fibre and specific gravity of inside white part of red ginseng were less than those of normal part. But differences in content of crude saponin, HPLC pattern of ginsenosides and reducing ability for DP P H(1,1-dipheny 1-2-picrylhydrazyl) between normal and inside white part of red ginseng were not found. The optical density of 1 water extract of normal part of red ginseng did not differ from that of inside white 1 part of red ginseng, but the visible and UV absorbance of acid hydrolyzate of normal red ginseng showed higher than those of inside white part of red ginseng. The differences in the internal color and tissue of normal and inside white part of red ginseng were easily found with naked eye, and by the microscopic fractography, the orangement state of ginseng cell in the inside white part of red ginseng was less dense than that in normal red ginseng.