• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.11-14
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• 2003

Systemic fungicides viz., Bavistin and Beyleton are reported to have curative effect against the infection of Beauveria bassiana in silkworm Bombyx mori L. To understand the influence of the systemic fungicides on the disease suppression/development, hematological studies were carried out. There was an increase in the percent total hemocyte count, granulocyte and plasmatocyte in silkworm treated with the systemic fungicides. It possibly indicates the influence of systemic fungicide on the hemocyte mediated defense system leading to the higher resistance and suppression of disease development.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2002

Silkworm diseases are major constraint in silk cocoon production. Among silkworm diseases, white muscar-dine is highly contagious and most common in winter and rainy seasons. It is suggested that hemocytes involve in defense against invasion of Beauveria bassi-ana and systemic fungicide/chemicals prevent the proliferation of fungi in the hemolymph or preventing the growth of the fungi in the body cavity through enhancing the hemocyte mediated defense response. In the present study the influence of systemic fungicide on hematological changes in silkworms infected with Beauveria bassiana was reported. It is observed that the total hemocyte counts increased in the hemolymph up to 5 days post inoculation in systemic fungicide treated batches while in the inoculated control the increase was up to 3 days indicating the positive hemocyte mediated response in silkworm treated with systemic fungicide. After 2 days in the inoculated control as the multiplication and growth of mycelia increased, defense capacity of the silkworm was decreased. The biochemical changes were also observed in the hemolymph of silkworm infected with B. bassiana. In silkworm infected with Beauveria bassi-ana, the total protein content increased whereas total carbohydrate and total lipids decreased as the infection progresses. In the case of systemic fungicide treated batches the increase in total protein content was comparatively higher and decrease in total carbohydrate and lipids were comparatively lower than the inoculated control.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.279-283
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• 2010

Polydnavirus genome is segmented and dispersed on host wasp chromosome. After replication, the segments form double- stranded circular DNAs and embedded in viral coat proteins. These viral particles are delivered into a parasitized host along with parasitoid eggs. A serine-rich protein (SRP) is predicted in a polydnavirus, Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV), genome in its segment no. 33 (CpBV-S33), creating CpBV-SRP1. This study explored its expression and physiological function in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, larvae parasitized by C. plutellae. CpBV-SRP1 encodes 122 amino acids with 26 serines and several predicted phosphorylation sites. It is persistently expressed in all tested tissues of parasitized P. xylostella including hemocyte, fat body, and gut. Its physiological function was analyzed by injecting CpBV-S33 and inducing its expression in nonparasitized P. xylostella by a technique called SERI (segment expression and RNA interference). The expression of CpBV-SRP1 significantly impaired the spreading behavior and total cell count of hemocytes of treated larvae. Subsequent RNA interference of CpBV-SRP1 rescued the immunosuppressive response. This study reports the persistent expression of CpBV-SRP1 in a parasitized host and its parasitic role in suppressing the host immune response by altering hemocyte behavior and survival.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2011

The production of surf clam, Mactra veneriformis, an important fishery resource in Korea, has recently been decreasing. This study was carried out to examine effects of spawning on immune functions of this species. Total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, phagocytic activity, neutral red retention (NRR) time and antibacterial activity were assessed. Spawned clams showed reduction in THC, PO, phagocytic activity and NRR times compared with unspawned ones. While spawning event did not elicit any change of antibacterial activity in both spawned and unspawned ones. This study indicates that spawning process decreases immune functions in the surf clams which could cause mortality increment and yield reduction.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2007

외래 병원체 침입에 대해서 방어기작으로서 곤충이 보이는 선천성 면역작용은 세포성 및 체액성 면역반응을 포함하며, 이는 비자기 인식 후 유기된다. 최근 여러 연구는 유약호르몬이 외래 물질에 반응한 세포성 면역작용을 조절한다고 제시하고 있다. 본 연구는 유약호르몬 동력제로서 곤충생장조절제인 피리프록시펜을 이용하여 이 약제가 가지는 면역억제작용을 파밤나방(Spodoptera exigua)을 대상으로 분석하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 위상차현미경을 이용하여 파밤나방 최종령 유충으로부터5가지 형태의 서로 다른 혈구세포를 동정하였다. 이 가운데 과립혈구와 부정형혈구는 전체 혈구의 90% 이상을 차지하며, Giemsa 염색법에 의해 이들 상호간에 뚜렷한 형태적 구분이 가능했다. 유약호르몬 동력제인 피리프록시펜의 혈구세포의 식균작용에 미치는 영향이 FITC로 표지된 세균(Providencia vermicola)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 과립혈구와 부정형혈구는 활발한 식균작용을 보였다. 피리프록시펜은 현격하게 이들 두 혈구세포의 식균작용을 억제시켰다. 본 연구는 면역억제자로서 피리프록시펜의 새로운 기능을 제시하고 있다.