• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.687-688
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• 2008

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2011

TMED(Transmission Mounted Electric Device) parallel hybrid configuration can realize EV(Electric Vehicle) mode by disengaging the clutch between an engine and a transmission-mounted motor to improve efficiencies of low load driving and regenerative braking. In the EV mode, however, jerk can be induced since there are insufficient damping elements in the drive-train. Though the jerk gives demoralizing influence upon driving comport, adding a physical damper is not applicable due to constraints of the layout. This study suggests the jerk reduction control, composed of active damping method and torque profiling method, to suppress the jerk without hardware modification. The former method creates a virtual damper by generating absorbing torque in the opposite direction of the oscillation. The latter method reduces impulse on the mated gear teeth of the drive-train by limiting the gradient of traction torque when the direction of the torque is reversed. To validate the effectiveness of the suggested strategy, a series of vehicle tests are carried out and it is observed that the amplitude of the oscillation can be reduced by up to 83%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.1097-1112
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• 1989

An iterative learning control scheme is incorporated to the computed torque method as a means to enhance the accuracy and the flexibility. A learning rule is constructed by utilizing a gradient descent algorithm and data compressing techniques are illustrated. Computer simulation results show a good performance of the scheme under a relatively high speed and a heavy payload condition.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

In this study new CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission) system which is adaptable to a small size electric vehicle is proposed available to gradient response CVT. New pulleys consist of springs adapted driving pulley and driven pulley. At the moment a small electric vehicle drive a slope, new system respond to a gradient as overcoming tensional force of springs. We made prototype of gradient response CVT to test parts performance and travelling performance test. As a result of test, belt pitch diameter varied for high torque direction at the gradient. In the flat travelling, acceleration travelling and gradient travelling performance test, the small electric vehicle with gradient response CVT get improved perfomance than the small electric vehicle with reduction gear.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.217-224
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• 1992

A new three-channel surface gradient coil obtained by using numerical optimization and its application to MR computerized nomography are presented. The new surface gradient coil pro aided linear field gradient region more than twice wider compared with the t'irst surface gradi encl coil, removed torque and field offset, and reduced coupling between the surface gradient coil and combined surface rf coil. We realized the new surface gradient coil set with $30{\times}60{cm^2}$2 size, which generated more tharl 4G/cm with 100 amperes over a $4{\times}4{\times}4{cm^3}$ region with good linearity. The optimal geometries of the three-channel surface gradient coil and volun teer's high-resolution in wiuo spinal cord Images obtained by using the optimized surface gradi ent coil set are presented.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.484-490
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• 2012

This paper is devoted to investigate the feasibility of using a medium power ground-based laser to produce a torque on LEO satellites of various shapes. The laser intensity delivered to a satellite is calculated using a simple model of laser propagation in which a standard atmospheric condition and linear atmospheric interaction mechanism is assumed. The laser force is formulated using a geocentric equatorial system in which the Earth is an oblate spheroid. The torque is formulated for a cylindrical satellite, spherical satellites and for satellites of complex shape. The torque algorithm is implemented for some sun synchronous low Earth orbit cubesats. Based on satellites perigee height, the results demonstrate that laser torque affecting on a cubesat has a maximum value in the order of $10^{-9}$ which is comparable with that of solar radiation. However, it has a minimum value in the order of $10^{-10}$ which is comparable with that of gravity gradient. Moreover, the results clarify the dependency of the laser torque on the orbital eccentricity. As the orbit becomes more circular it will experience less torque. So, we can conclude that the ground based laser torque has a significant contribution on the low Earth orbit cubesats. It can be adjusted to obtain the required control torque and it can be used as an active attitude control system for cubesats.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.49-56
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• 2002

A two-dimensional direct numerical simulation is performed to investigate the formation characteristics of a single vortex interacting with $CH_4/N_2$-Air counterflow nonpremixed flame. The numerical method was based on a predictor-corrector scheme for a low Mach number flow. The detailed transport properties and a 16-step augmented reduced mechanism are adopted in this calculation. The budgets of the vorticity transport equation arc examined to reveal the mechanisms leading to the formation, evolution and dissipation of a single vortex interacting with counterflow nonpremixed flame. It is found that the stretching term, which depends on the azimuthal component of vorticity, and radial velocity, mainly generates vortieitv in non-reacting and reacting flows. The viscous and baroclinic torque term destroy the vorticity in non-reacting flow. In addition, the baroclinic torque term due to density and pressure gradient generates vorticity, while viscous and the volumetric expansion terms due to density gradient destroy vorticity in reacting flow.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.606-611
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• 2013

It has been reported that tight sportswear could have complicated influence on physiological function of human body. The purpose of this present study was to investigate the effect of wearing gradient compression tights (GCT) on muscle strength and EMG activity during repeated isokinetic muscle contractions. Four healthy male undergraduate students performed maximal voluntary isokinetic concentric muscle contractions on biomechanical test and training systems with GCT and loose pants as control (Cont) respectively. During each test, the peak torque of extensor and flexor contractions and the surface electromyography (sEMG) of the rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius was recorded simultaneously, the peak torque was recorded as an indicator of muscle strength, and the average amplitude and mean power frequency of sEMG were calculated as indicators of EMG activity. The results showed that: the peak torque decreased gradually during continuous muscle contractions both when the Cont and GCT were worn, average sEMG and mean power frequency declined along with the repetitions of muscle contractions for both wearing conditions, and the change tendency was consistence with that of peak torque. There was no obvious difference between the peak torque recorded wearing the Cont or wearing GCT, but when GCT were worn, average sEMG was lower and mean power frequency was higher than the Cont condition. In 24 samples obtained from four subjects, 80% of results showed the same trend. So we could make a conclusion that wearing GCT had no obvious effect on the improvement of muscle strength, but it would affect the EMG activity positivly.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2013

This paper is concerned with speed tracking control problem for permanent-magnet synchronous drives (PMSM) in the presence of an variable load torque and unknown model parameters. The disturbance of speed control caused by inaccuracy of model parameters has been investigated. A load torque observer has been proposed to observe the load torque and estimate the disturbance caused by inaccuracy of model parameters. Both inertia and friction coefficient are identified in gradient descent approach. The stability condition of the observer has also been studied. Furthermore an improved feed-forward control has been introduced to reduce the speed track error. The proposed control strategy has been verified by both simulation and experimental results.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1998.07a
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• pp.212-216
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• 1998

For a Switched Reluctance Motor(SRM) drive, the important things are 1) reducing torque ripple, 2) improving efficiency, 3) sensorless speed control, 4) accurate position. The position information impotant for the efficiency and smoothness drives. Since SRMs characteristics are nonlinear. It is difficult to estimated phase current in saturation region. This paper describes a method for indirect sensing of the rotor position in SRM which use both voltage and current. The method obtains rotor position by using unconducting phase. The information about the rotor position is achieved by differentiating the unconducting phase current or the voltage gradient. And then, this paper presents a torque control with indirect rotor position detection methods. This torque control is achieved by developing a detailed nonlinear model of the motor.