• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1997년도 영남지회 학술발표회 논문집 Acoustic Society of Korean Youngnam Chapter Symposium Proceedings
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• pp.53-56
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• 1997

Tonpilz 압전변환기에 관하여 유한요소법을 사용하여 공기중의 동특성 해석과 수중의 방사임피던스를 해석하였다. 공기중에서 트랜스듀서의 구조를 변화시키면서 입력 어드미턴스 특성과 진동모드를 해석하여 압전변환기를 모델링하였다. 음향 윈도우를 압전변환기 전면에 부착한 후 유한요소법(FEM)에 의하여 매질의 영향을 고려한 입력어드미턴스 특성을 해석하였으며, 또한 방사임피던스 계산 루틴을 추가하여 무한 배플의 경계조건하에서 방사 임피던스를 해석하였다. 공기중과 수중에서의 해석을 통하여 Tonpilz 압전변환기 단일 소자의 구조 변경 및 기계 부재의 추가등에 따라 변동하는 변환기의 특성 및 방사 임피던스를 해석하므로서 평면 배열형 음향 트랜스듀서의 설계에 필요한 파라메터를 구할 수있다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1053-1058
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• 2003

Piezoelectric under water acoustic transducer is a kind of device for under water detection working as not only an actuator but also a sensor. The technique that can predict acoustical characteristics of transducer is important for robust design of transducer in harsh underwater environment. This paper represents the development of software for analyzing dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric acoustic transducers based on finite element method. Modal and transient analysis modulo for acoustic transducers are developed TWO dimensional model for Tonpilz transducer is used for the test of the developed nodal and transient analysis modules. and comparison is made with a commercial code, ANSYS.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.247-250
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• 2005

Underwater acoustic transducers are widely used for SONAR application, whose important design parameters are shapes, materials, dimensions and supporting structures. Practical design method of transducers consists of manufacturing, experiments and modifications so that It requires much time and expenses. In this study, an analytical method was developed for the Tonpilz type transducers using the commercial finite element analysis code ATILA which can solve the electro-mechanical coupling Problems. A finite element model was established including the transducer elements such as ceramic stack, head mass, tall mass, tensile bolt, and molding layers. The proposed model was verified and modified by comparing the in-air and in-water test results of prototypes. The developed analysis method will be effectively used for the sensitivity analysis of design parameters in transducer design process.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.292-301
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to design and develop a broadband ultrasonic transducer that has both wide bandwidth and high sensitivity to measure broadband echoes related to identifying fish species. A broadband ultrasonic transducer providing a nearly flat transmitting response band of 40.2-75.5 kHz with a -12 dB bandwidth of 35.3 kHz was achieved by integrating 12 tonpilz transducer elements operating at different resonance frequencies. The average transmitting voltage response, receiving sensitivity, and figure of merit values in this frequency band were 168.4 dB (re $1{\mu}Pa/V$ at 1 m), -196.8 dB (re $1V/{\mu}Pa$), and -28.4 dB, respectively. The results suggest that bandwidth and sensitivity can be widened and improved by adjusting the array pattern and the structure of tonpilz transducer elements.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.817-820
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• 2006

The Tonpilz transducer is one of the essential elements in active sonar application. The characteristics of transducer depend on the piezoelectric ceramics and mechanical elements such as head mass, tail mass, pre-stress rod and so on. One of the important characteristics is electric and mechanical stability of transducer for long term high power transmitting operation. This parer presents the results about long term endurance tests of the underwater acoustic transducer.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2018

Tonpilz 트랜스듀서를 FEM 시뮬레이션인 COMSOL의 structural module을 이용하여 구현하였다. 트랜스듀서의 음압 특성과 시뮬레이션 결과를 비교하기 위하여 acoustic module을 이용하여 형성된 음압의 공간적인 분포와 실제로 트랜스듀서를 구현하여 마이크로폰으로 측정한 음압 분포를 비교하였다. 그 결과, 공진주파수와 최대 음압은 시뮬레이션의 경우는 28 kHz에서 163.5 dB로 예측되었고 실제 제작된 트랜스듀서에서는 28.84 kHz에서 137.8 dB로 측정되었다. 또한 모사된 음압 분포와 실제로 측정한 음압 분포가 유사한 패턴으로 형성되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1999년도 학술발표대회 논문집 제18권 1호
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• pp.379-382
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• 1999

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회논문집 제23권 2호
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• pp.359-362
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• 2004

수중에서 사용되는 음향변환기의 성능은 사용환경 뿐만 아니라 많은 설계변수들의 조합에 의해 결정되며, 이들 설계변수들의 영향은 서로 선형 독립적이지 않은 경우가 대부분이다. 따라서 음향변환기의 최적성능을 구현하기 위해서는 각 설계변수들의 개별영향 뿐만 아니라 강호작용에 의한 영향을 동시에 고려하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 tonpilz 변환기에 대하여 유한 요소 해석을 통하여 설계변수들이 중심 주파수, 대역폭, 음압 및 충격력에 미치는 영향을 파악하였고, 그 결과들의 통계적 다중 회귀분석을 통하여 중심 주파수 대역폭 음압 및 충격력을 이들 설계변수들의 함수로 도출하였다. 나아가 제한 최적화 기법을 이용하여 주어진 사용 환경에서 동작하면서 최대 음압을 구현할 수 있는 변환기의 최적 구조를 자동으로 결정할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 최적화 프로그램은 다중 설계변수들의 상호효과를 충분히 반영할 수 있으며, 유사한 기능의 여타 음향변환기 설계에 직접 응용이 가능할 것이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.605-615
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• 2017

A multi-resonant broadband acoustic transducer with six Tonpilz elements operating at different resonant frequencies in a transducer assembly was fabricated, tested, and analyzed. A compensated transducer, modified by adding series inductance to the developed multi-resonant broadband transducer, was shown to provide improved bandwidth performance with a relatively more uniform frequency response compared with the uncompensated transducer. By controlling the series inductance, flat frequency response characteristics at two frequency bands were obtained over the range 38-52 kHz with 1.1 mH inductance and 50-60 kHz with 0.4 mH inductance. These results suggest that the operating frequency of the developed multi-resonant broadband transducer in a chirp echo sounder can be shifted to a different frequency band that is optimized according to the environment for more effective echo surveys of fishing grounds.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.1036-1044
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• 2021

A linear array acoustic transducer with 12 tonpilz elements mounted independently on a gradual wedge-shaped tail mass was fabricated, tested and analyzed. The compensated transducer, which is modified by including a series inductance of 137 µH in the developed linear array transducer, attained improved figure of merit (FOM) performance characteristics compared with the uncompensated transducer. The four resonant frequency bands were identified from the measured FOM curve. The FOM response patterns over the frequency ranges of 31 to 40 kHz and 50 to 60 kHz were relatively uniform, whereas sharp resonance peaks were observed at around 73 kHz and 84 kHz. These results indicate that the developed linear array transducer can be used as an enhanced broadband transducer of echo sounder, and the operating frequency can be selected for more effective echo surveys in the fishing ground.