• Title/Summary/Keyword: Tongil-type rice

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Chemical Components Related with Seed Dormancy and Viviparous Germination in Rice (벼 종실의 휴면 관련 성분과 휴면성 및 수발아성과의 관계)

  • 김용욱
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.113-119
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    • 1995
  • This excperiment was conducted to investigate relation on seed dormancy and vi-viparous germination with sucrose content, fatty acid composition and abscisic acid content of rice seeds. The following results were obtained by this experiment. Sucrose content of brown rice harvested at 20 and 40 days after heading was higher in Japonica and Sare type varieties than in Tongil and Indica type rices. Positive relationship was found be-tween sucrose content of brown rice and viviparous germination rate of rice varieties tested.J aponica and Sare type rice varieties showed low proportion of oleic acid and higher proportion of linoleic acid in brown rice harvested at 20 and 40 days after heading than Tongil and Indica rices tested. Viviparous germination was negatively correlated with the proportion oleic acid and positively with that of linoleic acid. Abscisic acid content in hull of rice seeds stored for 30 days at 25/15$^{\circ}C$ fluctuation temperature condition was decreased more rapidly than 4$^{\circ}C$, and Japonica varieties tested showed lower con-tent of abscisic acid in rice hull than Tongil and Indica varieties used.

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Characteristics of Panicle Traits for 178 Rice Varieties Bred in Korea (국내에서 육성된 벼 품종들의 이삭형질 특성)

  • Park, Hyun-Su;Kim, Ki-Young;Mo, Young-Jun;Choung, Jin-Il;Kang, Hyun-Jung;Kim, Bo-Kyung;Shin, Mun-Sik;Ko, Jae-Kwon;Kim, Sun-Hyung;Lee, Bu-Young
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.169-180
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate characteristics of panicle traits which are important factors affecting yield and grain quality of rice. Twelve panicle traits in 178 Korean rice varieties composed of 160 Japonica type varieties and 18 Tongil type varieties were investigated. Tongil type varieties had longer panicle and thicker neck node than Japonica type varieties. Other traits such as number of total spikelets, total rachis-branches, secondary rachis-branches (SRBs) per panicle, total spikelets on SRBs per panicle, mean number of spikelets on a SRB, and mean number of SRBs per primary rachis branch (PRB) in Tongil type varieties were also higher than in Japonica type varieties. On the other hand, Japonica type varieties were shown to have well exserted panicle and little more mean number of spikelets on a PRB than Tongil type varieties. According to cluster analysis based on 12 panicle traits, 178 varieties were divided into four main groups. Group I had 133 Japonica type varieties and was characterized by relatively well exserted short panicle, small thickness of neck node, few rachis-branches and little sink size than other group. Group II was composed of 24 Japonica type varieties and 6 Tongil type varieties showing medium value and range between Group I and III. Group III included 11 Tongil type varieties and 1 Japonica type variety 'Baegjinju1' characterized by relatively poor exserted long panicle, big thickness of neck node, many rachis-branches and large sink size. Group IV was solely composed of 'Nongan', which had well exserted long panicle, big thickness of neck node, many rachis-branches and large-sink size. In correlation analysis, number of total spikelets per panicle showed very high correlation with the number of total rachis-branches per panicle (r=0.975), number of spikelets on SRBs per panicle (0.962), number of SRBs per panicle (0.959), mean number of SRBs per PRB (0.746) and mean number of spikelets on SRBs (0.738).

Comparison of Yield and Growth Characteristics of Korean High Yielding Cultivars and IRRI's New Plant Type Rice Line

  • Lee, Byun-Woo;Ha, Jong-Ryuk
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.59-63
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    • 1999
  • Yield and growth characteristics were compared for five rice cultivars; a new Tongil-type, so called "super-rice", Dasanbyeo, an old Tongil-type Milyang 23, two japonicas Dongjinbyeo and Ilpumbyeo, and a new plant type (NPT)line IR65600-27-1-2. The objective of this stusy was to clarify the high yielding capacity of Dasanbyeo in terms of growth characteristics. The average grain yield (9 t/ha) of Dasanbyeo was higher than that of Milyang 23 by ca. 9% that of japonicas by 20 to 30%, and that of NPT line by ca. 100%. The higher grain yield of Dasanbyeo was attributable not only to the greater dry matter production but also to the higher harvest index (HI). Dasanbyeo showed the greatest dry matter at harvest owing not only to the rapid leaf expan-sion at early growth stage and the resulting high LAI through the entire growth stage but also to the high NAR despite the high LAI. The rapid leaf expansion of Dasanbyeo at early growth stage seemed to be related in part to the profuse tillering capacity. HI was 0.53 in Dasanbyeo, 0,51 in Milyang 23, 0.41 in japonicas, and 0.35 in NPT line. Dasanbyeo was indebted for its higher HI to the relatively high grain filling ratio in spite of a much greater sink size than the other cultivars. Dasan had a greater source to sink ratio during grain ripening as measured by LAD/spikelet and dry matter production/spikelet which showed positove correlations with the grain ripening ratio. New plant type (NPT) line showed the lowest grain yield owing to the small sink size and the low grain filling ratio which seemed to have resulted from the abundant occurrence of weak-strength spikelets. The weak sink strength, in turn, seemed to have suppressed photosynthesis during the grain ripening stage.

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Response of Kneeing Ability of Rice Varieties and Echinochloa Species (벼 품종(品種)과 피의 굴기력(屈起力) 반응(反應))

  • Kim, S.C.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.362-367
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    • 1992
  • The experiment was carried out at the Yeongnam Crop Experiment Station in 1984 and 1990 to obtain the basic information on kneeing responses of rice cultivars and Echinochloa species. Kneeing response of rice cultivars was not directly related with cultivar group(Tongil-type vs Japonica-type), maturity, culm length, or other agronomic traits and thus concluded that kneeing ability was soly peculiar cultivar character based on its genetic background. Cultivars having relatively great kneeing ability were Yeongdeog 1(Japonica), Seogwangbyeo(Tongil-type). Somjinbyeo(Japonica), Pungsanbyeo(Tongil -type), Hangangchalbyeo(Tongil-type), etc. while these for low kneeing ability cultivars were Chilseoungbyeo, Gayabyeo, and Samgangbyeo that were all belonged to Tongil-types, respectively. Two Echinochloa species were not much differed from each other in kneeing ability. However, kneeing ability of Echinochloa species was much greater than rice cultivars. Kneeing ability of Echinochloa species was not differed by culm node order : all the visual nodes(5~6 nodes) exhibited similar kneeing ability having more or less 30${\circ}$ in each node.

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Varietal Responses of Rice Growth and Yield to Soil Salt Content (벼 생태형별 염농도에 따른 생육 및 수량)

  • Jae Kil Lee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.47 no.6
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    • pp.422-426
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    • 2002
  • In other to find out the basic information on cultivation and breeding for salt tolerance in rice, these studies were conducted at salinity paddy fields containing 0.2, 0.3, 0.4% of salt and normal paddy field using 6 Japonica type, 5 Tonsil type varieties and Annapurna. On these fields a series of investigation was made for the responses of rice growth and yield to salt content of saline sails. The heading dates of the rice cultivated at salinity 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4% were delayed compared by 2 or 3,5 or 8 and 10 or 13 days respectively in Japonica and Tonsil type varieties to those at the normal paddy fields. The culm length at salinity paddy fields decreased by 13-39% in Japonica type and 14-35% in Tongil type varieties. But the number of panicles per hill decreased by 16-40% in Japonica type and by 14-35% in Tongil type varieties. The number of grains per panicle in saline paddy fields decreased by 10 to 40% in all varieties, but the percent ripened grain decreased by 20-48% in Japonica type and by 19-51% in Tongil type varieties. 1000 grains weight was decreased by lower than 23% in all varieties, but yield was reduced to 20-62% in Japonica and 25-67% in Tongil type varieties.

Changes in Eating Quality and Lipid Components of Tongil Rice Variety in Storage (통일미(統一米)의 저장에 따른 기호특성(嗜好特性) 및 지질성분(脂質成分)의 변화)

  • Hwangbo, Jeong-Sook;Lee, Su-Rae
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.74-79
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    • 1976
  • Two rice varieties in Korea, an Indica type 'Tongil' and a Japonica type 'Jinheung', were stored at $5^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ for six months and the changes in organoleptic quality and lipid components were investigated to obtain the following results. In storage, both varieties brought about increases of hardness, cohesiveness and gumminess, and a decrease of adhesiveness among textural parameters of cooked rice. Storage at $5^{\circ}C$ showed no change in organoleptic quality but storage at $30^{\circ}C$ caused the occurrence of off-flavor in both varieties and a marked decrease of stickiness in Jinheung. Rice samples before storage contained 5-times more free lipids than bound lipids and free lipid content of Tongil was $70{\sim}80%$ of Jinheung. In storage, bound lipids tended to increase slowly while free lipids increased in both varieties at $5^{\circ}C$ and tended to increase in Tongil and to decrease in Jinheung at $30^{\circ}C$. In free lipid fractions of rice samples before storage were found 9 components including triglycerides, free fatty acids and sterol esters and in bound lipid fractions were found 8 components including free fatty acids and sterol esters, as the major components. In storage, changes in lipid components were more remarkable in free lipids than in bound lipids and in Jinheung than in Tongil. It was, therefore, concluded that Tongil variety had a better storage stability than Jinheung variety and the deterioration of rice quality occurred mainly in free lipid fractions during storage.

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Inheritance of Resistance to Bacterial Blight in Tongil Type Rice Cultivar 'Changseongbyeo'

  • Shin, Mun-Sik;Noh, Tae-Hwan;Lee, Jae-Kil;Shin, Hyun-Tak;Cho, Soo-Yeon
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.64-65
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    • 1998
  • The inheritance of resistance to bacterial blight in a Tongil-type rice cultivar 'Changseongbyeo' was studied using a Korean isolate HB9101. which belongs to race $K_1$. The resistance of Changseongbyeo to the HB9101 was controlled by a single dominant gene. This gene was allelic with Xa-1 gene and linked to Ig gene on chromosome 4 with the recombination value of 7.5%.

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Changes of Seed Germination Rate and Lipid Components in Different Brown Rices during Ageing (저장에 따른 생태형별 현미의 발아율과 지질 성분의 변화)

  • Kwak, Jieun;Lee, Jeom-Sig;Yoon, Mi-Ra;Kim, In-Hwan;Lee, Jeong-Heui;Kim, Mi-Jung;Lee, Choon-Ki;Kim, Bo-Kyeong;Kim, Wook-Han
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.933-940
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study was to determine quality changes in seed germination rates and lipid components in Japonica and Tongil (indica/japonica) type brown rices with different tocol composition during storage. Moisture content, seed germination rate, crude lipid content, fat acidity, tocol content, free fatty acid composition of brown rice and pH of milled rice were measured to evaluate their quality after storage. Seed germination rates of stored Japonica and Tongil type brown rices were decreased by 22.4% and 59.7%, respectively, after 8 weeks of storage. The fat acidity of Japonica rice was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of Tongil type brown rices after storage. The major tocol homologue of Tongil type was ${\gamma}-tocotrienol$, whereas, major tocol homologues of Japonica brown rices were ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and ${\alpha}-tocotrienol$ throughout the entire storage period.

Varietal Differences in Ovipositional Preference of the Striped Rice Borer Moths (Chilo suppressalis W.) (이화명나방 산란선호성의 수도품종간차이)

  • Choi S. Y.;Lee H. R.;Lee J. O.;Park J. S.
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.15 no.1 s.26
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    • pp.23-27
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    • 1976
  • Screenhouse experiments were conducted to find out the varietal difference in ovipositional preference of the striped rice borer moths (Chilo suppressalis W.) on eight varieties of rice and its association with several plant morphological characters. The results indicated the strong preference of the moths for ovipositing on several varieties. The varieties Tongil (Suweon 213-1), Yushin, Jinheung and TKM-6 had comparatively more egg masses and more eggs than the varieties IR-26, IR-747, Rexoro and Juckna. The strong ovipositional preference of moths of Tongil, as compared to the resistant variety TKM-6 and the susceptible variety Rexoro, was. always consistent in this study whenever the number of tillers were uniformed and each two varieties were paired. It could be concluded that the moths definitely preferred Tongil among the test varieties. There was not any significant correlations between the ovipositional preference and the plant characters; such as number of tillers per plant, plant height, external diameter of stem, and size of leaf. The cause of strong perference of the moths for ovipositing on short type varieties Tongil and Yushin were still suspectable.

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Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) detection for plant regeneration ability from seed culture in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

  • Liu, Meihan;Sohn, Jae-Keun
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.169-174
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    • 2012
  • Quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which were related to the ability of callus induction and plant regeneration in seed culture of rice, were analyzed using a mapping population from a cross between the rice cultivars 'Samgang' (tongil type) and 'Nagdong' (japonica). A tongil type rice cultivar, 'Samgang' showed lower frequency (20%) of plant regeneration than that (35%) of japonica rice, 'Nagdong'. Transgressive segregations were observed for the ability of callus induction and plant regeneration from the seed-derived calli of 58 doubled haploid (DH) lines. The ability of plant regeneration of 58 doubled haploid lines showed a continuous distribution with comparatively wide range (10.0 to 66.7%) of variation. Composite interval mapping analysis was used to identify the QTLs controlling callus induction and plant regeneration ability. Four significant QTLs, qCWS6, qCWS8, qCWS9 and qCWS11, associated with callus weight per seed were detected on chromosomes 6, 8, 9, and 11 with LOD values of 3.30, 2.60, 2.70 and 2.43, explaining 36% of the total phenotypic variation. Three significant QTLs, qPR1, qPR6, and qPR11, for the ability of plant regeneration were located on chromosome 1, 6, and 11 at LOD score of 2.25, 2.15 and 2.55, accounting for 24 % of the total phenotypic variation. The present study should be useful for improving the efficiency of plant regeneration in tissue culture of indica rice by means of marker-assisted selection.