• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2013

Background : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the kinesiologic factors of gait on symmetric load. Methods : The subjects were consisted normal 33 persons (10 males and 23 females). The kinds of weight of the bag was 0kg, 5kg and 7kg. The kinesiologic factors of gait measured by three dimensional motion analysis system and callibration marker. Callibration was ASIS, hip greater trochanter, knee lateral epicondyle on sagittal plane, ankle lateral malleolus on sagittal plane, toe 5th phalange. The changes kinesiologic factor were analyzed using one way ANOVA with SPSS 21.0 package program. Results : The weight of the bag was statistical significance on change of hip joint and knee joint(p<.05). The weight of the bag was no significance on change of ankle joint(p>.05). The right and left of the lower limbs was no significant(p>.05). Conclusion : This research provides weight of bag for the gait. This study showed that symmetric load does affect kinesiologic factors of gait. This indicates that there is an interaction that plays a crucial roles in the weight of bag and kinesiologic factors of gait.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

파킨슨 환자들이 장애물에 걸려서 넘어지는 것은 위험한데, 아직까지 이와 관련된 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 장애물 보행을 성공적으로 수행한 5명을 대상으로, 4가지 높이(0, 2.5, 5.2, 15.2cm)의 장애물을 넘을 때 나타나는 보행 특성의 차이를 밝히는 것이다. 연구결과, 파킨슨 환자들은 장애물 높이가 높아질수록 장애물에 더 천천히 접근하였으며, 장애물의 높이가 높을수록 발이 장애물에 걸리지 않도록 더 높이 발을 들어 넘었다. 또한, 파킨슨 환자들은 장애물의 높이가 높을수록 더 안정되게 넘기 위해서 좌.우발 사이의 거리를 넓게 해서 넘었다. 파킨슨 환자들은 각 장애물별로 넘는 속도를 일정하게 하고, 장애물을 넘기 전 왼발 앞꿈치와 장애물과의 수평거리 및 장애물과 장애물을 넘은 오른발 뒷꿈치와의 수평거리에서 차이가 없이 장애물을 넘었다. 이와 같은 특성이 파킨슨 환자들이 장애물을 넘는 일반적인 전략인 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 파킨슨 환자들은 장애물을 천천히, 조심스럽게, 그리고 비효율적으로 넘는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2001

To simulate an actual slip to measure floor slipperiness, slip resistance testers simulate slip in only forward direction because forward slip in the landing phase was found to be the most important factor for loss of balance. Backward slip in the take off phase was possible but was excluded in the friction test protocol because it was not dangerous. However, backward slip was tested in the friction test protocol without any theoretical background of the significance in generating dangerous slips and falls and was proven to be as good as forward slip in measuring floor slipperiness. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the significance of backward slip in generating dangerous slips and falls with different combinations of floor and shoe sole. The results showed different tendency of backward slip in take off phase being significant in generating dangerous slips and falls because backward slip in the takeoff phase affected gait pattern disturbances seriously. resulted in dangerous falls. Fast toe velocity increased the severity of backward slip and confirmed the significance of backward slip in generating dangerous slips and falls. As a result, this study recommends the utilization of backward slip in the measurement of floor slipperiness.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze of obstacle gait using spatio-temporal and foot pressure variables in children with autism. Fifteen children with autism and fifteen age-matched controls participated in the study. Spatio-temporal and foot pressure variables was investigated using GAITRite pressure sensor system. Each footprint was divided into 12 equal trapezoids and after that the hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot analysis was developed. Independent t-test was applied to compare the gait variables between the groups. The results showed that the autism group were significantly decreased in velocity, cadence, cycle and swing time compared to the control group. The autism group were significantly increased in step width and toe out angle compared to the control group. The autism group were significantly increased at midfoot and forefoot of lateral part of footprint and forefoot of medial part of footprint in the peak time compared to the control group. The autism group were significantly increased at midfoot and hindfoot in $P^*t$, at midfoot in active area, and at hindfoot in peak pressure compared to the control group. In conclusion, the children with autism showed abnormal obstacle gait characteristics due to muscle hypotonia, muscle rigidity, akinesia, bradykinesia and postural control impairments.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the pathway of COP and plantar foot pressure and to determine the correlation between plantar regions during the ascending and descending of a ramp. Methods: Fifteen healthy adults who had no musculoskeletal problems participated in our study. They were asked to walk on a level surface and on an ascending and descending ramp in their bare feet. Pathway of COP and plantar foot pressures were recorded using the Matscan system (Tekscan, Boston, USA). For pressure measurements, the plantar foot surface was divided into seven regions: two toe regions, three forefoot regions, a midfoot region, and a heel region. To determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between pathway of COP and plantar foot pressures during walking, we used repeated measuremes ANOVA. Results: In comparison to results for a level walking, pathway of COP while ascending a ramp had a tendency to be shifted medially in the forefoot and became longer till the big toe. Pathway of COP while descending a ramp also was shifted medially, but ended in the forefoot. Plantar foot pressure of the second and third metatarsal head and the fourth and fifth metatarsal heads was significantly decreased while descending the ramp. Conclusion: These results indicated that plantar foot pressure is changed while ascending and descending a ramp and demonstrated that ramp walking can affect the structure and function of the foot. Therefore, gait environment is associated with significant changes in foot characteristics, which contribute to altered plantar loading patterns during gait.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2004

This study was designed to understand gait pattern on the MBTI personality types by analyzing and figuring out specific charges, which includes analyzing gait parameter which was shown in walking movement. The personality types was measured by the standard MBTI(Myers- Briggs Type Indicator) test and gait analysis make used of GAITRite program. The objects of research were convenience sampled student of M College. Temporal and spatial parameters were calculated based on the MBTI personality types test using measured data, 68 items and SPSS pc/program was conducted to find out specific changes and obtainted the results as follows. There was not found significant in rate of swing phase and stance phase, step length, stride length, base of support, toe in/out between Extraversion group and Introversion group. But Extraversion group was significantly higher than Introversion group in velocity and cadence(p<.05). Sensing group was significantly more than iNtuiton group in cadence. There was not found significant in all parameter between Thinking group and Feeling group, Judging group and Perceiving group.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 실외 보행 실험 시 사용하기에 간편한 가속도계를 이용하여 보행 이벤트를 자동으로 검출하는 알고리즘을 개발하고 검증하는 것이다. 개발된 알고리즘은 신발의 발등에 부착된 3축 가속도계의 가속도의 총합과 보행 진행 방향(x축) 가속도를 이용하였다. 가속도 총합은 착지 시점의 검출에, x축 가속도는 이지 시점의 검출에 각각 사용되었다. 7명의 피험자가 느린 보행 속도 선호 보행 속도 빠른 보행 속도로 보행 실험을 수행하였고, 개발된 알고리즘의 검증을 위해 지면반력기를 포함한 3차원동작분석시스템과 동시에 실시되었다. 지면반력기를 이용한 보행 시점을 기준으로, 기존에 발표된 동작 자료만을 이용한 알고리즘을 통하여 얻어진 보행 시점도 함께 비교 하였다. 그 결과, 고안된 알고리즘의 정확도는 지면반력기를 이용한 값에 평균, 착지시점은 $22.33{\pm}17.45ms$, 이지시점은 $26.82{\pm}14.78ms$의 차이가 났고, 그 오차의 패턴이 일관적으로 20ms가량 먼저 검출되는 경향이 있었다. 일반적으로 트레드밀 실험에서 많이 사용되는 동작데이터를 통한 보행 시점의 비교에서도 크게 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러므로 개발된 알고리즘은 실외 실험의 보행 시점 검출에 이용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 추후 연구로는 현재의 가속도계만으로 보행 시점뿐 만아니라, 중력가속도 성분을 제거하여 보행 공간변인의 추출이 필요할 것이다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2023

본 연구는 발목강화운동과 무지테이핑 걷기훈련 운동을 통하여 얻어지는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 4주간 발목강화운동과 무지테이핑 걷기운동이 하체기초체력과 보행에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 A대학에 재학중인 20대 여성 30명을 무선 선정하여 발목강화운동군, 무지테이핑 걷기운동군, 통제군 각 10명으로 선정하였다. 본 실험으로는 주 3회 60분간 4주간 수건 및 마사지볼, CRT를 이용한 마사지와 발목강화운동을 실시하였으며, 또한, 화이트 테이프 처치 후 20분간 걷기 및 키네지오 테이프를 이용한 무지외반 테이핑을 실시하였다. 위의 내용을 종합해본다면 4주간의 발목강화운동과 무지테이핑 걷기운동은 20대 여성의 하체기초체력(근력, 순발력, 평형성)과 보행(활보장, 족저압, COP)에는 통계적으로 일부 유의미한 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 실시한 발목강화운동과 무지테이핑 걷기운동이 하체 운동기능에 대한 효과를 확인하였으며, 후속연구에서는 통증위치별, 정형외과적 소견별로 나누어 보다 다양한 효과를 알아보는 연구가 필요할 것이라고 사료된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to quantify kinematic and kinetic characteristics of Yin-yang Bo gait according to their motor expertise, one of the Seokmun Ilwol martial art gait patterns. Yin-yang Bo gait pattern shows initial forefoot contact instead of heel contact, and increased time of stance phase time, internal-external rotation of ankle-knee-hip joints and pelvic. It aims to produce and store the more energy through continuous homeostasis of center of gravity (COG) and performance of stretch-shortening cycle. Some of these characteristics also were similar to the gait modification strategies for reducing knee adduction moment such as toe-out progression, medial thrust, internal rotation of hip joint. To identify the characteristics, four factors of expert Yin-yang Bo gait performance group were compared to that of none expert group; 1) angles of COG displacement and rotation 2) distal joint pre-rotation in internal-external rotation of ankle-knee-hip joints and pelvic, 3) invariability pelvic potential and pelvic segment total energy 4) knee abduction moment. Six healthy(three male) subjects participated in the experiment to perform Yin-yang gait pattern. Three-dimensional and force plate data were collected. Kinematic and kinetic data were compared between two groups using t-tests. Results showed that 1) the peak point of COG internal rotation angle was reduced in expert group, 2) kneeexternal and hip joint -internal and pelvic rotation angle peak frames were more near points in expert group.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.495-501
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop the inertial sensor module system to detect gait event using single angular rate sensor(gyroscope), and evaluate the accuracy of this system. This sensor module is attached at the heel and gait events such as heel strike, foot flat, heel off, toe off are detected by using proposed automatic event detection algorithm. The developed algorithm detect characteristics of pitch data of the gyroscope to find gait event. To evaluate the accuracy of system, 3D motion capture system was used and synchronized with sensor module system for comparison of gait event timings. In experiment, 6 subjects performed 5 trials level walking with 3 different conditions such as slow, preferred and fast. Results showed that gait event timings by sensor module system are similar to that by kinematic data, because maximum absolute errors were under 37.4msec regardless of gait velocity. Therefore, this system can be used to detect gait events. Although this system has advantages of small, light weight, long-term monitoring and high accuracy, it is necessary to improve the system to get other gait information such as gait velocity, stride length, step width and joint angles.