• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2007

마늘 분말을 첨가한 호상 요구르트를 개발하기 위하여 탈지분유에 마늘 분말을 혼합하고 Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophilus를 혼합 균주를 접종하여 마늘 분말의 첨가가 유산균의 생육에 미치는 영향과 품질특성 및 관능적 특성을 검토하였다. 마늘 분말을 0.2-1.0%(w/v) 첨가한 결과 산의 생성과 젖산균의 증식이 마늘 분말을 첨가하지 않은 대조군보다 감소되었으며, 18시간 발효시킨 요구르트의 적정 산도는 대조구의 1.35%에서 마늘분말을 1.0% 첨가한 경우 1.08%로 20% 감소하였다. 마늘 분말의 첨가로 요구르트의 점도는 약2배 증가하였으나, 색도는 거의 일정하였다. 요구르트에 설탕을 10% 첨가하고 관능적 특성을 조사한 결과 마늘 분말을 0.5% 이상 첨가한 경우 마늘 향과 맛이 강하게 감지되어 요구르트의 기호도는 낮게 평가되었다. 그러므로 마늘 분말의 첨가량은 0.2% 수준이 적당한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.212-221
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• 2008

This study was performed in an effort to create a functional and stable yogurt product containing slander glasswort extract. The extract was added to milk at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0% (w/v), which was then fermented with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) at $42^{\circ}C$ for 6 hr. During a period of 15 days of storage, the quality characteristics of the yogurt samples were evaluated in terms of acid production (pH and titratable acidity), levels of lactic acid bacteria, color values, viscosity, and sensory characteristics. There were no significant differences in pH during the storage period; however, the control yogurt presented the highest pH value. The 1.0% slander glasswort yogurt had the highest titratable acidity; but again, there were no significant differences among the yogurts. The 1.0% slander glasswort yogurt also had the highest level of lactic acid bacteria, and both the control and slander glasswort-containing yogurts had increasing levels of lactic acid bacteria over the storage period. The 1.0% slander glasswort yogurt had the lowest L-value and highest a- and b-values. And the slander glasswort yogurts presented lower viscosity values than the control. In sensory evaluations, the 0.25% slander glasswort yogurt scored higher than the other groups for color, flavor, viscosity, sweetness, sourness, and overall palatability. The final sensory results indicated that the 0.25% slander glasswort yogurt was superior.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2018

클로렐라 추출물을 식품재료로 사용하기 위하여 클로렐라 추출물을 0-0.1% 첨가한 물김치를 제조하여 10에서 7일간 발효시키면서 pH, 적정산도, 젖산균수 및 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. pH는 발효 3일 이후 감소하기 시작하여 발효 5일 후 클로렐라 추출물을 첨가한 조건에서 pH 5.14-5.28에서 4.52-4.59로, 대조구는 pH 5.24에서 4.76으로 하락하였다. 적정산도는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하여 발효 6일째 대조구는 0.14%, 클로렐라 추출물 첨가구는 0.16-0.19%로 클로렐라 추출물의 첨가량에 비례하여 증가하였다. 환원당 함량은 발효 4일에 최대값을 보였으며 클로렐라 추출물의 첨가량이 증가할수록 환원당의 함량은 낮았다. 클로렐라 추출물에 의하여 젖산균의 생육이 촉진되어 발효 4일까지 클로렐라 추출물 물김치에서 젖산균 수가 빠르게 증가하였다. 관능평가에서 클로렐라 추출물의 첨가는 물김치의 색과 향에 대한 기호도를 낮추지 않았으며 맛과 종합적인 기호도를 다소 증진시키는 효과를 보였다. 클로렐라 추출물 물김치를 4에서 15일간 저장하는 동안 pH의 변화는 미미하였고 적정산도는 지속적으로 증가하였으며, 젖산균 약간 감소하였으나 전체적으로 $10^7CFU/g$ 이상으로 유지되었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2009

The effect of kimchi, traditional Korean fermented vegetables, on inactivating food-borne pathogens and the kimchi factors affecting the antimicrobial activity were investigated. More cells of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella typhimurium were inactivated in the kimchi that had low pH and high titratable acidity. Of the raw ingredients in kimchi, raw garlic showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against the pathogens. When kimchi was fermented at 0, 4, 10, or $20^{\circ}C$ to pH 4.4, higher kimchi fermentation temperature resulted in higher titratable acidity. The greatest inactivation of S. typhimurium occurred in kimchi fermented at $20^{\circ}C$, while L. monocytogenes were inactivated in kimchi fermented at $0^{\circ}C$ in situ. This study showed that appropriately fermented kimchi can inactivate various food-borne pathogens and that the fermentation temperature of the kimchi is an important factor in determining the ability of the kimchi to inactivate specific pathogens. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) multiplication and organic acids produced according to LAB metabolism play a role in inactivating food-borne pathogens in kimchi.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2001

개발한 EPS 포장상자가 사과의 신선도 유지효과 기능이 있는지의 여부를 조사코자 사과를 포장하여 2$0^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 골판지상자와 0.02와 0.04mm 두께의 LDPE필름, 기능성 MA필름과 50배로 발로시킨 EPS 상자에 사과를 15kg씩 포장하며 포장재간의 신선도 유지 효과를 비교하였다. 저장 40일 후 중량감소는 대조구는 5.7 %, EPS 상자는 0.5%의 중량감소가 나타났고, 비타민C도 2.06과 2.31mg%로 EPS 포장구가 높게 유지되고 있었다. 당도와 산도는 포장구간에 큰 차이가 없었으며 부패의 경우 대조구는 상자당 3-5개과가 발생했으나 EPS포장구는 발생하지 않았으며 외관도 양호한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2007

For the purpose of developing a functional yogurt, a new type of yogurt was prepared. To manufacture this new yogurt, 12% skim milk was added to the hot water extract of black soybeans. The yogurt was then evaluated for its acid production(pH and titratable acidity), number of viable cells, viscosity, quality-retention properties, and sensory properties. The titratable acidity of the yogurt with the added 5% black soybean hot-water extract was higher(2.07%) than that of the yogurt without the added extract(1.80%). The viscosity of the yogurt made by adding 5% black soybean hot-water extract was higher(5,040 cps) than that of the yogurt made with only skim milk(2,740 cps). Lactic acid bacteria propagation was stimulated by the addition of the 5% black soybean hot-water extract. When the yogurt prepared with the black soybean hot-water extract was kept at $7^{\circ}C$ for 14 days, its quality-retention was comparatively good. Finally the overall sensory score of the yogurt made with the added 5% black soybean hot-water extract was slightly lower than that of the yogurt made with only skim milk.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2000

This study was investigated the effects of the addition of adlay with levels of 1%(T1), 2%(T2), 3%(T3) and 4% (T4) in skim milk substrate on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of yoghurt during fermentation and storage period at 4$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$. Adlay yoghurt were fermented with the mixed cultures of YC-380, ABT-4 and ABT-D. Titratable acidity and pH values of all treatments were increased and decreased significantly(p<0.05) with fermentation period, respectively and increased and decreased slightly during the storage period, respectively. There were increased and decreased in order of all treatments fermented with YC-380, ABT-4 and ABT-D. Viscosity of adlay yoghurt increased rapidly in order of T4, T3, T2 and T1 during fermentation and slowly in order of T1, T2, T3 and T4 during the storage period. There were increased in order of all treatments fermented with ABT-D, YC-380 and ABT-4. The counts of viable cells of lactic acid bacteria in all treatments were rapidly and slightly increased during fermentation and storage period, respectively. There were increased in order of fermented with ABT-D, ABT-4 and YC-380 in all treatments. The counts of E. coli were not found in adlay yoghurt. In all treatments, T1 showed slightly high compared to that of control. Based on the results of this experiment, the optimum level of addition of adlay were 1% (w/v) for production of acid production, pH, viscosity and the counts of viable cells of lactic acid bacteria.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1994

This study was conducted to present a method that determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of chinese whole cabbage kimchi. After Sensory and chemical characteristics of kimchi with various salt concentration in brine, brining time and storage period at equal saltiness were measured, the optimum conditions for the preparation of chinese whole cabbage kimchi were determined with the use of the response surface methodology. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The more salt concentration in brine, the longer brining time and storage period, resulted in the lower pH and the higher titratable acidity of kimchis. As the salt concentration in brine and brining time increased, kimchi reaches at optimum titratable acidity of it within a shorter time. 2. As the salt concentration in brine and brining time increased, content of succinic acid decreased but that of lactic, acetic, and propionic acid increased. Amount of citric, malic and succinic acid decreased but that of lactic, acetic acid increased, with storage day. 3. Sensory data showed that firmness and green cabbage flavor of kimchi decreased while toughness, carbonic mouthfeel, sourness and staled flavor increased with increased salt concentration in brine, brining time and storage day. As the storage period increased, crispness of kimchi decreased. 4. The optimum conditions for the preparation of chinese whole cabbage kimchi were as follows: Optimum salt concentration in brine, brining time, and storage period were 19.5%, 3 hours and 45 minutes, and 12 hours.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 주박 분말을 발효식품에 이용하고자 상업용 Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophilus 혼합 균주를 이용하여 탈지분유와 주박 분말로 요구르트를 제조하고 주박 분말의 첨가량에 따른 요구르트의 발효특성을 조사하였다. 탈지분유에 주박을 0.5~2.0 % 첨가한 결과 적정산도는 주박의 사용량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 12시간 후 대조구 1.07 %에서 주박 분말 첨가 요구르트는 1.19~1.29 %로 증가하였다. pH의 변화도 적정산도의 변화와 일치하는 경향이었다. 젖산균 생균수는 주박 분말의 첨가량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 젖산균 수가 최대로 증가하는 시간도 주박 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 단축되었다. 대조군은 15시간 후 8.77 log CFU/g로, 2.0 % 첨가군은 9시간 후 8.96 log CFU/g까지 증가하였다. 또한 주박 분말의 첨가량에 따라 유청 비율은 감소하여 주박 분말이 유청 분리를 억제하여 커드의 안정성에 기여하였다. 주박 분말을 첨가한 요구르트는 대조군과 관능적으로 차이가 없었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.747-753
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• 1996

배추절임 시 소금용액의 온도를 $40~80^{\circ}C$ 범위로 달리하여 절임한 배추로 김치를 담근 후 $10^{\circ}C에서$ 숙성시키면서 품질변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 pH는 $40^{\circ}C$ 처리군이 대조군에 비해 감소율이 낮아서 최적 pH로 유지 되는 기간이 연장되었으며 산도도 pH의 결과와 대등하였다. $40^{\circ}C$ 처리군은 맛있는 김치의 신맛을 유지하는 기간이 길고, 아삭거리는 조직감이 높았으며, 종합적인 맛에 대한 평가치가 높았다. 또 총 균수 및 젖산균수가 대조군에 비하여 적었으며 젖산 함랑이 낮아 가식기간이 연장되었다. 경도는 발효 전반에 걸쳐서 $40^{\circ}C$ 처리군이 가장 높은 반면 씹힘성은 $40^{\circ}C$ 처리군이 가장 낮아 $40^{\circ}C$ 처리 김치가 조직감이 좋은 김치로 평가되었다.