• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.201-206
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• 1994

The influx of glycine, valine, alanine, and histidine was inhibited by all tested neutral amino acids competitively and the reciprocal inhibitory studies showed the neutral amino acids possess the same transport system as neutral amino acids process to the same catalytic site of one carrier to each other, The molecules of histidine were transported actively as a neutral form through the neutral amino acid transport system but were not transported as a charged form. The Km values of the neutral amino acid transport system have been divided into three different category on basis of the affinity to the carrier, below 0.1mM, etween 0.1ImM-0.5mM and above 0.5mM. The $V_{max}$ was between $3.12{\mu}mole{\cdot}h^{-1}{\cdot}g$ fresh $weight^{-1}\;-\;15.1\;{\mu}mole{\cdot}h^{-1}{\cdot}g$ fresh $weight^{-1}$. Neutral amino acids cotransported with one $H^{+}per$ one molecule and one $K^{+}-efflux$ per one molecule for charge compensation. Histidine cotransported with proton per one molecule, however the movement of cotransported proton can't detectable because of the release of proton from the charged molecules of histidine in the medium.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.2 s.103
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• pp.131-142
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• 2004

The movement of tooth-bone segments by osteotomy can simultaneously shift tooth and surrounding alveolar bone in a relatively short period. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue changes in pulp, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone in rapid tooth-bone movement with osteotomy. The mandibular 3rd premolar of a dog was extracted and cortical bones of the buccal and lingual area were eliminated, and then cortical bones around the mesial and distal area of root, and below the root apex of the mandibular 4th premolar were osteotomized. After a one-week latency period, a tooth-borne distraction device was activated for 6 days. And pulp, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were evaluated clinically, radiologically, histologically and immunohistochemically at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks of the consolidation Period and conclusions were roached as follows. 1. Latency period didn't affect total amount or tooth movement and healing process of tissue during consolidation period. 2. Bone formation continued through 8 weeks of consolidation in distracted side, with a high peak at 1-2 weeks, and the lowest at 6-8 weeks or consolidation. 3. At 1 week of consolidation, alveolar bone resorption, osteoclast appearance and inflammatory cell infiltration were the most active, and dentinoclasts characteristically appeared on the pulp and pressure side of the periodontal ligament. 4. The expression of $TGF-\beta$ was area-specific, as it was strong-positive at bone matrix, osteoblast osteoclast of alveolar bone, and dentinoclast inside pulp, but weak in pulp, cementoblast and acellular cementum. 5. The expression of $TGF-\beta$ was generally observed at the initial 1-2 weeks of consolidation at vessels, periodontal ligament cells, and osteoblast near alveolar bone on the distraction side of the periodontal ligament, and was significantly decreased after 6 weeks of consolidation.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 1998

To study the incidence and epidemiological factors of uterine cervical cancer in medical underserved area females, the questionnaire survey and Pap. smear for uterine cervical cancer was done on total 330 women who lived in Ullungdo from 5th to 12th August, 1998. The results were summarized as follows： The age distribution of subjects was 50s (24.5%), 60s (24.5%) and their educational level was “no schooling” (14.2%) and “elementary school” (42.7%). The first coital age of subjects was 19∼21yrs (30.0%), 16∼18yrs (13.9%) and the first pregnancy age was 22∼24yrs (36.7%) and 19∼21yrs (30.0%). The frequency of total pregnancy of subjects was over 5 times (52.1%). The frequency of total delivery was “3∼4 times” (35.5％) and “5∼6 times” (15.2％). 68.8% of subjects had experience of abortion and 80.0% of their husband were on the phimosis. 172 (52.1%) subjects had gynecological symptoms, their symptoms were leukorrhea (48.3%), pruritus (21.5%) and leukorrhea with pruritus (20.3%). 63.9% of total subjects have been received Pap. smear and the frequency of their Pap. smear was “only 1 time” (44.1 ％), “irregularly” (30.3%) and the reason of respondents who have not been received Pap. smea. was “no specific symptom” (51.3%). Among the 330 women screened there were negative (45.8%), inflammation (47.3%), trichomoniasis and candidiasis (1.8%), atypical cells (4.5%) and dysplasia (0.6%).