• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.78-83
• /
• 1998

The objective of this study was to investigate the responsiveness of hypophysis and gonads to synthetic GnRH among prepubertal buffalo heifers at 12 months of age. Peripheral plasma FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone level were measured in blood samples collected at 1 hr before and up to 18 days subsequent to the administration of $200{\mu}g$ GnRH (n=6) or saline (n=6) in Murrah buffalo heifers. The pretreatment peripheral plasma FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone among GnRH treated heifers were $7.35{\pm}0.45ng/ml$, $1.08{\pm}0.3ng/ml$, $22.93{\pm}1.06pg/ml$ and $0.27{\pm}0.04ng/ml$ respectively. A quick elevation (p < 0.01) of FSH and LH within five min of GnRH administration was observed in all geifers. Although the peak FSH $(89.57{\pm}23.43ng/ml)$ and LH $(7.52{\pm}3.08ng/ml)$ reached by 10 min of GnRH administration, yet the animals differed both in terms of their amplitude response of FSH and LH release as well as in terms of time which animals took to exhiit maximum response to GnRH administration. The GnRH administration did not cause alteration in plasma estradiol and progesterone level. The present study suggests that the pituitary of 12 month buffalo heifers has capacity to synthesize and store of gonadotropin and have developed receptors for GnRH for a spike of gonadotropin release.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.35-49
• /
• 2019

The paper attempts to document the application of relevant Machine Learning (ML) models on Yelp (a crowd-sourced local business review and social networking site) dataset to analyze, predict and recommend business. Strategically using two cloud platforms to minimize the effort and time required for this project. Seven machine learning algorithms in Azure ML of which four algorithms are implemented in Databricks Spark ML. The analyzed Yelp business dataset contained 70 business attributes for more than 350,000 registered business. Additionally, review tips and likes from 500,000 users have been processed for the project. A Recommendation Model is built to provide Yelp users with recommendations for business categories based on their previous business ratings, as well as the business ratings of other users. Classification Model is implemented to predict the popularity of the business as defining the popular business to have stars greater than 3 and unpopular business to have stars less than 3. Text Analysis model is developed by comparing two algorithms, uni-gram feature extraction and n-feature extraction in Azure ML studio and logistic regression model in Spark. Comparative conclusions have been made related to efficiency of Spark ML and Azure ML for these models.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.529-531
• /
• 2000

Giardia lamblia, a waterborne parasitic protozoa causing diarrhea and gastroenteritis, is transmitted to humans from untreated and treated water in the form of cysts. The ingestion of G. lamblia cysts is followed by the excystation of the cysts to trophozoites and subsequent colonization of the upper small intestine. In this study, the in vitro conditions for upper small intestine. In this study, the in vitro conditions for G. lamblia encystation were investigated to enhance the efficiency of cyst conversion and the resulting cyst density. The trophozoite of G. lamblia was cultivated to the late exponential growth phase, resulting in a high density of over $6{\times}10^7{\;}cells/ml$. The effects of pH, bile content, and induction time were evaluated; A cyst conversion of over 25% and 107 time were evaluated; A cyst conversion of over 25% and 107 cysts/ml were routinely obtained using the optimized encystation conditions including a slightly slkaline pH, 10 to 15 mg/ml of bile concentration, and 48-50 h of induction time.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.292-296
• /
• 2006

Meat marination has been applied to improve product's physical and sensory attributes for years, but usually it is not intended to improve microbial quality of the product. Tumbling, which helps the distribution of marinade solution during processing, should enhance the action of antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study is to evaluate the combined effects of nisin, tumbling and storage time on total microflora and psychrotrophs counts on poultry. A marinade that contained acetic acid (1%) and salt (3%) with pH adjusted to 4 was developed as a standardized marinade. Drumsticks were marinated with various nisin levels (0, 50, or 100 IU/ml) combined with tumbling (0, 10, or 20 min), and then stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 18 h. The total microflora and psychrotrophs counts of the samples were evaluated after 0, 2, 4, and 7 days of storage. The results indicated that at a given storage time, the samples tumbled for either 10 or 20 min had significantly (p<0.05) lower microbial counts when compared with the samples without the tumbling treatment. The microbial counts of the tumbled samples increased as storage time increased. Microbial counts significantly (p<0.05) decreased when more nisin was increased up to the level of 100 IU/ml. In conclusion, adding of nisin at the level of 50 IU/ml with tumbling for 10 min decreased the total microflora and psychrotrophs counts of the marinated chicken broiler drumsticks.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제31권8C호
• /
• pp.771-776
• /
• 2006

공간-시간 트렐리스 부호에서 기존에 제안된 ML(maximum likelihood) 복호법과 PRC(principal ratio combianing) 복호법을 아우르는 준최적 복호법인 GPRC(generalized PRC) 기법을 제안한다. GPRC는 수신안테나들을 K개의 그룹으로 나누어 각 그룹에 PRC 기법을 적용하는 것이다. GPRC에서는 수신안테나 그룹핑 방법이 여러 가지이므로 K가 정해졌을 때 최적의 그룹핑 규칙을 제안한다. 이때 최종 성능 차이를 간단하게 예측할 수 있는 성능지표(PI, performance index)를 이용할 수 있다. 특히 수신안테나 간 상관(correlation)이 있을 때 무선 채널 계수를 구하고, 성능 지표를 평가한다. 마지막으로 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션으로 이론적 성능을 검증한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.150-153
• /
• 2008

In the blind Maximum-likelihood (ML) detection for Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes (OSTBC), the problem of ambiguity in determining the symbols has been a great concern. A possible solution to this problem is to apply semi-blind ML detection, i.e. the blind ML decoding with pilot symbols or training sequence. In order to increase the performance, the number of pilot symbols or length of training sequence should be increased. Unfortunately, this leads to a significantly decrease in system spectral efficiency. This work presents an approach to resolve the aforementioned issue by introducing a new method for constructing transmitted information symbols, in which transmitting information symbols drawn form different modulation constellations. Therefore, the ambiguity can be easily eliminated. In addition, computer simulation is implemented to verify the performance of the proposed approach.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 1981

This study was carried out to investigate the relation between seepage losses and flow section area in earth canals. Totally 77 seepage measurement was gained by ponded method and the tested canals belong to the irrigation area of Farmland Improvement Association in each province, Korea. The results obtained from this study may be used as a reasonable criteria for the estimation of canal seepage losses in the design of irrigation systems. Obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. Average seepage rates in each Soils is 14cm/day in ML, 6. 3cm/day in CL and 24.9 cm/day in SM. 2. Water depth and water surface width in eath canals have little influenced on the seepage rate, while the seepage losses was increased in proportion as the water surface width lengthens. 3. A formula of S=C.An defining a relationship between seepage losses and flow section was derieved as follows. ML:S=O. 35 VA 1.20 (m$^3$/day/m) CL:S=O. 13 VA 0.84 SM:s=O.67VA-1.56 4. The average seepage loss rates per 1km of canal are as followings. Measured Time ML CL SM 0-4 hrs 2.2% 0.6% 4.5% 4-2 4hrs 1.0% 0.15% 2.0% In above table we may obtain the following results. The first row is suitable for the canal having short delivery time of irrigation, while the second row for the canal having long delivery time.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제21권10호
• /
• pp.1422-1427
• /
• 2011

한방생약제의 항혈전 및 혈소판 응집 억제 효능을 탐색하기 위하여 하고초의 물 추출물로 혈전 용해능 활성과 혈액 응고시간 지연효과 즉 PT (prothrombin time), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)와 혈소판 응집억제 활성 등에 대해 항혈전 효능을 평가하였다. 혈전용해도를 측정하는 fibrin plate가 용해되어 형성된 투명환의 넓이를 측정하는 실험을 진행한 결과 혈전용해도가 농도의존적으로 효능을 나타내었다. 혈액 응고 cascade에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 혈액 응고 시간 지연 및 단축 효과를 확인하고자 APTT와 PT에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 PT의 경우 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml의 경우에는 대조군보다 우수한 지연효과를 보였다. APTT의 경우에는 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml는 대조군과 비교하여 매우 탁월한 지연효과를 보이고, 2.5 mg/ml, 1.25 mg/ml에서도 높은 지연효과를 나타냈다. 혈소판의 응집에 따라 형성되는 두 전극 사이에 형성된 전기적 저항의 변화로 나타나는 실험을 시행한 결과 하고초의 ADP와 collagen에서 뛰어난 응집억제 활성을 보였다. 따라서 위의 항혈전 효능평가 실험결과를 볼 때 하고초를 향후에 혈전 질환의 치료제 개발에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제34권2호통권94호
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2001

경안천과 팔당호 주요 유입부에서 2000년 9월부터 2001년 2월까지 수중 총세균수의 분포 및 변동을 조사하였다. 경안천 본류에서 총세균수는 하수처리장 배출수가 유입될 때 뚜렷이 증가하였다. 경안천 본류에서 유하거리 (km)당 총세균의 소멸량은 0.13${\times}10^{6}$cells/ml로서 하류로 이송되면서 하상에 침강 소멸되는 양이 상당하였다. 총세균수의 변동은 9${\sim}$10월, 11월 및 12${\sim}$2월에 평균값이 각각 1.74${\sim}$3.10${\times}10^{6}$cells/ml, 1.86${\sim}$7.30${\times}10^{6}$cells/ml 및 4.56${\sim}$8.75${\times}10^{6}$cells/ml 범위로서 세균의 생물량은 고수온기에 적었고 저수온기에 오히려 증가하였다. 총세균수는 수온이 >$10^{\circ}C$인 시기(9${\sim}$10월)보다 <$10^{\circ}C$인 저수온기(12${\sim}$2월)에 2.1${\sim}$3.0배 풍부하였다. 총세균수로 평가하였을 때 수질은 부영양상태였고 하수처리장 배출수는 경안천과 팔당호의 미생물 오염에 대한 가장 큰 source로 평가되었다. 경안천 뿐만 아니라 팔당호의 상수원 수질을 보호하기 위해서는 하수처리장 배출수 관리에 대한 대책 마련이 매우 시급한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 1990

Radiolabeled Brazilin(^3H-Brazilin)을 웅성 Wistar Rats에 투여하여 plasma concentration-time profile, urine 및 bile로의 배설, 조직분포 및 plasma protein에 대한 결합률을 살펴보았다. 1. Pharmacokinetic parameters는 다음과 같았다. $t_{1/2}$은 13.7 hr, AUC는 $\53.38\;\mu\textrm{g}{\cdot}hr/ml$, AUMC는 $1013.4\;\mu\textrm{g}{\cdot}hr^2/ml$ MRT는 18.95hr, Vss 17.778l/kg 그리고 CL은 936.77ml/hr.kg였다. 2. Plasma concentration-time profile에서 enterohepaic circulation을 시사하여 2nd peak가 발견되었고. 담즙배설 실험으로 확증할 수가 있었다. 결구투여 후 담즙 배설은 투여량의 64.4%가 10시간에 걸쳐 배설되었고, 3시간째 그 배설속도는 maximum을 이뤘다. 3. Vss는 17.8 l/kg으로 큰 값을 나타냈고, 따라서 뇌를 제외한 대부분의 조직에 Brazilin은 분포하였고 특히 liver와 kidney, epididymus 그리고 testis에 고농도 분포함을 알 수 있었다. 4. 경구투여량의 44.1%가 , 정맥주사 후 투여량의 62.9%가 urine을 통해 배설되었다. Urine을 통해 배설되는 양의 대부분(80%)은 24시간 내에 배설되었다. 5. Plasma protein에 대한 결합율을 한외여과법으로 측정한 결과 $40{\pm}4%$가 결합하는 것으로 나타났다.