• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.81-89
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• 2019

This study was analyzed about the relationship between culture microenvironment and cell differentiation of HPV 16 E6/E7-transfected immortalized oral keratinocyte(IHOK). By the alteration of culture environment, IHOK-EF and IHOK-EFKGM were obtained, and the modulation of cell properties was observed by cell proliferation assay, immunofluorescence, microarray, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. IHOK-EF losed the properties of epithelial cells and obtained the properties of mesenchymal cells, and in the result of microarray analysis, genes related to the inhibition of differentiation such as IL6, TWIST1, and ID2 were highly expressed in IHOK-EF. When the culture environment was recovered to initial environment, these changes were recovered partially, presenting the return of genes involved in the inhibition of differentiation such as IL6, and ID2, particularly. This study will contribute to understand adjustment aspect for cell surviving according to the change of culture microenvironment in the study for determining the cell characteristic, and facilitate therapeutic approach for human disease by applying surviving study according to the change of cancer microenvironment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1445-1450
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• 2020

Recently, a hologram-like system to provide a realistic experience has been serviced in performances, exhibitions, education. The constructing method for the hologram-like system can be configured in various forms such as a pyramid-typed, a semi-transparent large screen form. However, in various types of hologram-like systems, it is difficult to provide adjustment by changing and revising the content according to the configured hardware characteristics. In this paper, we propose a novel technique that can automatically visualize virtual contents running on heterogeneous hologram-like systems. To change the content to a given hardware configuration, we receive pre-built simple text-based configuration data, and correcting process was performed. According to the results of this paper, we found automatically and easily corrected visualization with the given configuration of the hologram-like system. Also, the problem of reducing the time by manual control in various types of heterogeneous hologram systems was solved.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.599-610
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• 2018

The goal of this study was to statistically analyse the variability of global irradiance and ultraviolet erythemal (UVER) irradiance and their interrelationships with global and UVER irradiance, global clearness indices and ozone. A prediction of short-term UVER solar irradiance values was also obtained. Extreme values of UVER irradiance were included in the data set, as well as a time series of ultraviolet irradiance variability (UIV). The study period was from 2005 to 2014 and approximately 250,000 readings were taken at 5-min intervals. The effect of the clearness indices on global irradiance variability (GIV) and UIV was also recorded and bi-dimensional distributions were used to gather information on the two measured variables. With regard to daily GIV and UIV, it is also shown that for global clearness index ($k_t$) values lower than 0.6 both global and UVER irradiance had greater variability and that UIVon cloud-free days ($k_t$ higher than 0.65) exceeds GIV. To study the dependence between UIVand GIV the ${\chi}^2$ statistical method was used. It can be concluded that there is a 95% probability of a clear dependency between the variabilities. A connection between high $k_t$ (corresponding to cloudless days) and low variabilities was found in the analysis of bidimensional distributions. Extreme values of UVER irradiance were also analyzed and it was possible to calculate the probable future values of UVER irradiance by extrapolating the values of the adjustment curve obtained from the Gumbel distribution.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.123-137
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• 2021

In this study, we performed cross calibration of KOMPSAT-3 AEISS imaging sensor with reference to normalized pixels in the Landsat 8 OLI scenes of homogenous ROI recorded by both sensors between January 2014 and December 2019 at the Libya 4 PICS. Cross calibration is using images from a stable and well-calibrated satellite sensor as references to harmonize measurements from other sensors and/or characterize other sensors. But cross calibration has two problems; RSR and temporal difference. The RSR of KOMPSAT-3 and Landsat 8 are similar at the blue and green bands. But the red and NIR bands have a large difference. So we calculate SBAF of each sensor. We compared the SBAF estimated from the TOA Radiance simulation with KOMPSAT-3 and Landsat 8, the results displayed a difference of about 2.07~2.92% and 0.96~1.21% in the VIS and NIR bands. Before SBAF, Reflectance and Radiance difference was 0.42~23.23%. Case of difference temporal, we simulated by 6S and Landsat 8 for alignment the same acquisition time. The SBAF-corrected cross calibration coefficients using KOMPSAT-3, 6S and simulated Landsat 8 compared to the initial cross calibration without correction demonstrated a percentage difference in the spectral bands of about 0.866~1.192%. KOMPSAT-3 maximum uncertainty was estimated at 3.26~3.89%; errors due to atmospheric condition minimized to less than 1% (via 6S); Maximum deviation of KOMPSAT-3 DN was less than 1%. As the result, the results affirm that SBAF and 6s simulation enhanced cross-calibration accuracy.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.326-336
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• 2021

Purpose: This study explored the prevalence of prenatal and postpartum depression in Korea and its influencing factors from 20 weeks of pregnancy to 12 weeks postpartum. Methods: Using a prospective cohort study design, data on women's depression and its influencing factors were collected at 20, 28, and 36 weeks of pregnancy and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postpartum. The participants were 219 women and 181 spouses during pregnancy; and 183 mothers and 130 spouses after childbirth. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and influencing factors were measured by the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised, parity, and spousal depression. Results: The prevalence of maternal depression was 10.5% to 21.5% before birth, and it was 22.4% to 32.8% postpartum. The prevalence slightly decreased during the prenatal period but peaked at 2 weeks postpartum. Antenatal depression was influenced by low socioeconomic status, lower self-esteem, having experienced prenatal depression, having experienced prenatal anxiety, a previous history of depression, lower social support, lower marital satisfaction, and higher life stress. The factors influencing postpartum depression were lower self-esteem, having experienced prenatal depression, having experienced prenatal anxiety, lower social support, lower marital satisfaction, and higher life stress, as well as infant temperament and maternal blues. Parity and spousal depression had no impacts. Conclusion: The prevalence and influencing factors of maternal depression changed over time. Nurses need to screen women accordingly during the perinatal period and should provide education or counseling to prevent depression and promote adjustment to parenthood.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1263-1270
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• 2021

Recently, in the food culture life, the trend of consumers cooking is changing, and the use rate of induction cookware is increasing. Therefore, in this study, we propose the development of a functional auxiliary device to improve the safety of induction cookware to improve the convenience of cooking according to the increase in the cooking population. The proposed device is linked with IoT through the app. Through the app, the device can control the induction heating power adjustment and time reservation. In addition, an ultrasonic sensor is used to prevent the container from overflowing during cooking, and the user can safely use induction through the fine dust sensor. The implemented device conducts research assuming the actual cooking situation. Finally, it was confirmed that the user's fatigue was reduced during cooking through the device and the user's safety was improved in emergency situations such as overcooking or overflowing of water.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1545-1550
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• 2021

We propose an optimal variable step size adjustment method for the simplified subband affine projection algorithm (Simplified SAP; SSAP) in a subband structure based on a polyphase decomposition technique. The proposed method provides an optimal step size derived to minimize the mean square deviation(MSD) at the time of updating the coefficients of the subband adaptive filter. Application of the proposed optimal step size in the SSAP algorithm using colored input signals ensures fast convergence speed and small steady-state error. The results of computer simulations performed using AR(2) signals and real voices as input signals prove the validity of the proposed optimal step size for the SSAP algorithm. Also, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a faster convergence rate and good steady-state error compared to the existing other adaptive algorithms.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.54-61
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• 2022

This is a basic study analyzing emissions of an agricultural tractor during tillage operations. In this study, CO, THC, NOx, and PM considered as emission factor were analyzed during plow and rotary tillage operation by the tractor. Engine torque and rotational speed were measured through ECU. Engine power was calculated using engine torque and rotational speed. The emissions was calculated based on the number of units, rated power, load factor, and operating time. Results showed that the load factor was calculated almost twice, which was higher than 0.48. It was also observed that the emission of the tractor was variable for different agricultural operations because tractor loads were different based on operations. There was a difference in emissions due to differences in plow and rotary working hours. To estimate the emission of agricultural tractor based field operations in detail, it is necessary to consider TAF (Transient Adjustment Factor) and DFA (Deterioration factor). In the future, TAF and DFA will be considered to estimate emissions of the agricultural tractor. Finally, results of this study can contribute to the literature to estimate tractor emissions accurately.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.221-230
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• 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between shiftwork and skeletal muscle mass index in a single university health check-up. Methods: We used data from 98,227 workers who answered in a special interview on health check-up at a local university hospital from 2014 to 2020. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted for comparing the association between skeletal muscle mass index and demographic and hematological variables in shiftwork and non-shiftwork groups. Mixed linear model analysis after controlling demographic and hematological variables was used to analyze the difference of skeletal muscle mass index between groups at every visit for seven years. Results: In linear regression analysis, the variables most significantly correlated with skeletal muscle index in both groups were shiftwork(p=0.049), BMI(p<0.001), hypertension(p=0.024), platelet(p<0.001), total protein (p<0.001), AST(p=0.028), ALT(p=0.003), ALP(p<0.001), total cholesterol(p=0.002), triglyceride(p=0.019), BUN (p=0.001), creatinine(p<0.001), and uric acid(p=0.002). After the adjustment for demographic and hematologic variables, the skeletal muscle mass index at every visit was decreased both in the shiftwork group and non-shiftwork group. The slope of the shiftwork group was -0.240 and non-shiftwork group -0.149, showing a significant difference (p<0.001). Conclusions: In the shiftwork group, the skeletal muscle mass index showed a tendency to decrease markedly over time compared to the non-shiftwork group. It is presumed that shift workers' skeletal muscle health was adversely affected by changes in the biological clock due to changes in wake-up and sleep patterns, and changes in food intake.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.57-69
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was performed to explore and describe the overall clinical practice adaptation experiences among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This qualitative study applied the grounded theory method by Corbin and Strauss. Data were collected from May to August 2021 through individual in-depth interviews with 14 nursing students from three universities in B metropolitan city. Results: From open coding, 20 sub-categories and 10 categories were identified. Analysis revealed that the core category was the process of "keeping the place of learning while adhering to the restrictions of the era of pandemic" and that it consisted of four phases: confusion, withdrawal, adjustment, and growth. Through this process, participants utilized various action/interactional strategies such as "shifting to positive thinking," "building a shield to protect oneself," and "focusing on learning." The consequences of these strategies were "adapting to the reality of the infectious disease situation" and "strengthening a foothold to grow as a future nurse." Conclusion: An in-depth understanding of nursing students' experiences of adapting to clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic will guide nursing educators to promote effective teaching strategies to better support nursing students in a time of infectious disease crisis.