• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.240-244
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• 2006

As high-definition television(HDTV) broadcasting becoming more generalized, there have been many researches and developments about a large storage capacity and a fast data transfer rate in optical disk drives (ODD). Pickup actuators must have high flexible mode frequencies and large gain margins. Flexible modes are caused by the flexibility of moving parts in the actuator and a servo bandwidth is limited by them. As a result, the system becomes unstable for high-speed operations in high density reading and recording. In this paper, we suggest improved modeling method in considering of the bonding layer. And, the flexible mode frequency of actuator is improved by Design of Experiments of lens holder. The Magnet circuit is designed considering the relation with the moving part. Through improving the yoke design, the magnetic flux is changed and the DC tilt is reduced. Consequently, we designed an actuator which has a high flexible mode frequency and a large gain margins.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2000

In this paper, using surface micromachining technology with thick photoresist and aluminum, an SLM(Spatial Light Modulator), which is applied to the fields of adaptive optics and pattern recognition system, was fabricated and the electromechanical properties of the fabricated micro SLM are measured. In order to maximize fill-factor and remove mechanical coupling between micro SLM actuators, the micro SLM is composed of three aluminum layers so that spring structure and upper electrode are placed beneath the mirror plate, and $10\times10$ each mirror plate is individually actuated. Also, the micro SLM was designed to be able to modulate phase and amplitude of incoming light in order to have a continuity of phase modulation of incoming light. In the case of amplitude and phase modulation, maximum vertical displacement is 4$\mum$, and maximum angular displacement is $\pm4.6^{\corc}$ respectively. The height difference of the fabricated mirror plate was able to be reduced to 1100A with mirror plate planarization method using negative photoresist(AZ5214). The electromechanical properties of the fabricated micro SLM were measured with the optical measurement system using He-Ne laser and PSD(position sensitive device).

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2015

This research investigates the effect of natural dust accumulation on the glass cover of solar thermal energy conversion systems. Four similar, locally manufactured, flat plate solar collectors are used. All collectors are South oriented with tilt angle of $40^{\circ}$. The glass cover of one collector is kept clean of dust during the experimental period while the second collector is cleaned at the beginning of each month. The third collector is cleaned every two months while the fourth collector is kept un-cleaned throughout the experimental period of four months. The calculated parameters are the solar heat gain rates and the corresponding values of the thermal efficiency. The result of the present work indicates that the percentage of fractional reduction of the useful heat gain rate due to dust accumulation during a period of one and two months is 11.4% and 17.0%, respectively. The percentage decrease of thermal efficiency during the same duration periods is 4.0% and 6.1%, respectively. The percentage of fractional reduction of the useful heat gain rate due to dust accumulation during a period of three and four months is 27.8% and 31.9%, respectively. The percentage decrease of monthly thermal efficiency during the same duration period is 10.2% and 11.3%, respectively.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.303-308
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• 2009

In 2008, the global photovoltaic(PV) market reached 5.6GW and the cumulative PV power installed totalled almost 15GW compared to 9GW in 2007. Due to a favourable feed-in-tariff, Korea emerged in 2008 as the 4th largest PV market worldwide. PV power installation rose 495.5 percent to 268MW in 2008 compare to 45MW in 2007. However many PV systems are not installed in suitable part which is concerned about geometrical factor. It is generally recognized that the actual output of PV system in field is a function of orientation, tilt angle, irradiance, temperature, soiling and various system-related losses. Thus this paper shows that a experimental result of PV modules(A group) with uniform azimuth angle and PV modules(B group) with non-uniform azimuth angle. As a result, the electrical output of B group is decreased 48.8% as compared with electrical output of A group.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2018

This paper proposes a vision-based underwater laser scanner with separate structures for an underwater camera and a line laser projector. Because the two devices can be adaptively placed regardless of the features of the unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV), the scanner has significant advantages in relation to its availability and flexibility. Position calibration between the underwater camera and laser projector guarantees a 3D measuring performance with high accuracy. To verify the proposed underwater laser scanner, a test-bed system was manufactured, which consisted of the laser projector, camera, Pan&Tilt, and Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS). A camera-laser calibration test and simple 3D reconstruction test were performed in a water tank and the experimental results are reported.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.419-427
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• 2023

The structural design of an optical-telescope assembly (OTA) for satellite laser ranging (SLR) is conducted in two steps. First, the results of a parametric study of the major design variables (e.g. dimension and shape) of the OTA part are explained, and the detailed structural design of the OTA is derived, considering the design requirements. Among the structural-shape concepts of various OTAs, the Serrurier truss concept is selected in this study, and the collimation of the telescope according to the design variables is extensively discussed. After generating finite-element models for different structural shapes, self-gravity analyses are performed. To minimize the deflection and tilt of the mirror and frame for the OTA under the limited design requirements, a parametric study is conducted according to design variables such as the shapes of the upper and lower struts and the spider vane. The structural features found in the parametric study are described. Finally, the OTA structure is designed in detail to maintain the optical alignment by balancing the gravity deflections of the upper and lower trusses using the optimal combination of the parameters. Additionally, thermal analysis of the optical telescope design is evaluated.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2024

연구목적: 본 연구는 재난 안전 사각지대에 있는 소규모의 민간 건축물을 대상으로 건축물의 위험징후를 분석하고 계측기술을 개발하기 위한 건축물 모니터링 시스템 설치 방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 건축물 위험거동의 원인, 모니터링 계측 기기의 구성요소, 계측기기 설치 위치, 관리 방안 등을 제시한다. 연구결과: 계측기기는 필수적으로 가속도센서, 기울기센서, 자이로센서, GPS 등이 포함된다. 계측장치는 기둥의 높이와 단면적을 고려해야 한다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과는 소규모 민간 건축물에서 발생할 수 있는 건축물 붕괴로부터 발생하는 재난을 대비하여 재난 안전 역량 강화를 할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.211-223
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• 1987

Head-down tilt (HDT) at $-6^{\circ}$ has been commonly used as the experimental model in both man and animals to induce the blood shift toward the head or central protion of the body, demonstrating similar physiological effect encountered in the weightlessness in the orbital flight. There are few reports about the physiological response upon the cardiovascular regulatory system or the tolerance to the $(-6^{\circ})$ HDT within a relatively short period less than 1 hour. Therefore, the purpose of this study way to observe the effects of $-6^{\circ}$ HDT on cardiovascular system within 30 minutes and to evaluate early regulatory mechanism for simulated hypogravity. Ten mongrel dogs weighing 8-12 kg were anesthetized with the infusion of 1% ${\alpha}-chloralose$ (100 mg/kg) intravenously, and the postural changes were performed from the supine to the $-6^{\circ}$ head-down Position, then from the head-down to the supine (SUP), and each posture was maintained for 30 minutes. Blood flow $({\dot{Q}})$ through common carotid and femoral arteries were determined by the electromagnetic flowmeter. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate , and pH, $P_{O_2}$, $P_{CO_2}$ and hematocrit (Hct) of arterial and venous blood were also measured. The peripheral vascular resistance was calculated by dividing respective MAP values by ${\dot{Q}}$ through both sides of common carotid or femoral arteries. The concentration of plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine was determined by Peuler & Johnson's radioenzymatic method. The results are summarized as follows: In the initial 5 minutes in $-6^{\circ}$ HDT, HR was significantly (p<0.05) increased and MAP slightly decreased. Although ${\dot{Q}}$ and carotid peripheral artery resistance were not significantly changed, ${\dot{Q}}$ through femoral artery was diminished and femoral peripheral artery resistance was elevated. In the SUP, the initial changes of MAP and HR were increased (p<0.05), but those of ${\dot{Q}}$ and peripheral vascular resistance through both common carotid and femoral arteries were not significant. After 10 minutes of each postural change in both HDT and SUP, MAP was maintained almost equal to that of the level of pretilting control. During 60 minutes of both postural changes of HDT and SUP, $P_{O_2}$ and Hct were not changed significantly. However pH tended to increase slowly and $P_{CO_2}$ was gradually decreased. The pH and $P_{CO_2}$ seemed to be related to the increased respiratory rate. Plasma epinephrine concentration was not changed significantly and plasma norepinephrine concentration was slightly decreased in the course of HDT and also at 10 minutes of SUP. However these concentration changes were statistically insignificant. From these results, it may be concluded that the effect of $-6^{\circ}$ HDT for 30 minutes on the cardiovascular system and plasma catecholamine levels of the dog is minimum and it is suggestive that the cardiovascular regulatory mechanism, possibly mediated by so called gravity receptors including baroreceptor and volume receptor, has been properly and adequately operated.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.663-668
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• 2023

현대 전투에 있어서 적의 위치나 시설 등의 정보를 수집하는 것은 매우 필수적이다. 이를 위해 멀티콥터 등의 무인기의 개발이 활발하게 이루어져 왔으며 무인기에 장착되는 임무장비 또한 다양하게 개발되었다. 좌표지향 알고리즘이란, 임무장비가 원하는 좌표나 위치에 시선을 고정할 수 있도록 시선각을 계산하는 알고리즘을 의미한다. 비행데이터와 GPS 데이터를 수집하여, 좌표지향 알고리즘에 대하여 Matlab을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 진행하였다. 좌표 데이터만을 이용한 시뮬레이션에서는 Pan축 각도는 평균 약 0.42°가 Tilt축은 0.003°~0.43° 상대적으로 넓은 오차와 평균적으론 약 0.15°의 오차가 나타났다. 이를 NE 방향의 거리로 환산한 결과는 N방향 오차거리는 평균 약 2.23m E방향 오차 거리는 평균 약 -1.22m의 결과를 나타났다. 실제 비행데이터를 적용한 시뮬레이션에서는 약 19m@CEP의 결과가 나타났다. 따라서 EOTS의 주 임무인 감시 및 정보수집에 있어 좌표지향 알고리즘의 자체적인 오차에 대하여 연구를 진행하였고 정량적 목표였던 500m에 30m@CEP를 만족하는 것을 확인하였고, 원하는 좌표를 지향할 수 있다는 것을 보였다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2017

Novel power system stabilizers (PSSs) have been proposed to effectively dampen low frequency oscillations (LFOs) in multi-machine power systems and have attracted increasing research interest in recent years. Due to this attention, recently, fractional order controllers (FOCs) have found new applications in power system stability issues. Here, a tilt-integral-derivative power system stabilizer (TID-PSS) is proposed to enhance the dynamic stability of a multi-machine power system by providing additional damping to the LFOs. The TID is an extended version of the classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) applying fractional calculus. The design of the proposed three-parameter tunable TID-PSS is systematized as a nonlinear time domain optimization problem in which the tunable parameters are adjusted concurrently using a modified group search optimization (MGSO) algorithm. An integral of the time multiplied squared error (ITSE) performance index is considered as the objective function. The proposed stabilizer is simulated in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment using the FOMCON toolbox and the dynamic performance is evaluated on a 3-machine 6-bus power system. The TID-PSS is compared with both classical PID-PSS (PID-PSS) and conventional PSS (CPSS) using eigenvalue analysis and time domain simulations. Sensitivity analyses are performed to assess the robustness of the proposed controller against large changes in system loading conditions and parameters. The results indicate that the proposed TID-PSS provides the better dynamic performance and robustness compared with the PID-PSS and CPSS.