• 제목/요약/키워드: Tiller number

검색결과 293건 처리시간 0.029초

Effect of different plant densities on growth and yield of sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.)

  • Cho, Young Dae;Jung, Ki Yuol;Chun, Hyun Chung;Lee, Sang Hun;Kang, Hang Won
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
    • /
    • pp.206-206
    • /
    • 2017
  • Sorghum is a crop with a various plant height depending on the planting density. If the height exceeds 1.8m, which is the harvestable height of the combine, loss is caused by clogging of the installation, entrance of the threshing section and the threshing section. The purpose of this study is to set the planting distance and number of plants per hill suitable for combine harvesting as the plant length does not exceed 1.8m. The experimental variety was Nampungchal. The experiment design was a split-plot design with three replications. The treatments were as follow: Main-plot were 1 and 2 plants as number of plants per hill and sub-plots were $60{\times}20cm$ (practice), $70{\times}15$, 20, 25, 30 cm as planting distance. The amount of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilization were 100, 70, $80kg\;ha^{-1}$. Data were collected: (1) grain yield: weight of grain in $kg\;ha^{-1}$, (2) 1000 grain weight: average weight of 1000 grain, (3) plant height: distance from soil to top of panicle, (4) ear length: distance from top of stem to top of ear in cm, (5) stem diameter: diameter of second internode, (6) tiller number per hill. Analyses of variance were performed using R version 3.3.1(https://www. r- project. org). The Duncan's multiple range test(DMR) was used to separate treatment means at P < 0.05. As number of plants per hill increased, plant height and yield increased and tiller number decreased. As planting distance increased, plant height and yield decreased and tiller number increased. At 1 plant per hill, the plant height did not exceed 1.8m at all planting distance. At 2 plants per hill, the plant height did not exceed 1.8m from the planting distance of $70{\times}25cm$. At 1 plant per hill, the tiller number increased to 0.23, 0.27, 0.60 and 0.70 as the planting distance increased to $70{\times}15$, 20, 25 and 30 cm, respectively. At 2 plants per hill, the tiller number increased to 0.03, 0.03, 0.14 and 0.40 as the planting distance increased to $70{\times}15$, 20, 25 and 30 cm, respectively. At 1 plant per hill, the yield decreased to 6030, 4280, 3400 and $3230kg\;ha^{-1}$ as the planting distance increased. At 2 plant per hill, the yield decreased to 7850, 5770, 5720 and $4960kg\;ha^{-1}$ as the planting distance increased. We recommend that the optimum number of plants per hill and planting distance is 2 and $70{\times}25cm$ suitable for combine harvesting.

  • PDF

해저 토질 개선을 위한 해저경운기 주변의 속도장에 대한 수치해석 (Numerical Analysis on Velocity Fields around Seabed Tiller for the Improvement of Seabed Soil)

  • 김장권;오석형;김종범;정상옥
    • 동력기계공학회지
    • /
    • 제21권2호
    • /
    • pp.48-56
    • /
    • 2017
  • The steady-state, incompressible and three-dimensional numerical analysis was carried out to evaluate the velocity fields around the seabed tiller used for the improvement of the seabed soil and the pulling force and buoyancy generated by driving the seabed tiller. The turbulence model used in this study is a realizable $k-{\varepsilon}$ well known to be excellent for predicting the performance of the flow separation and recirculation flow as well as the boundary layer with rotation and strong back pressure gradient. As a results, a typical vortex pair appears near the adjacent rotor vane tip. When the current is stopped, there is no force when pulling the seabed tiller, but when the current flows at 1.2 knots, the force acts on the downstream side and the pulling force is much greater. In stationary currents, the buoyancy of the seabed tiller acts more strongly towards the seabed as the number of rotations of the rotor increases, but acts more strongly toward the sea surface at 1.2 knots of current.

경사방향이 목초의 월동성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Slope Exposure on Winter Hardiness of Grasses)

  • 이주삼;천소을
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
    • /
    • 제14권2호
    • /
    • pp.93-98
    • /
    • 1994
  • 경사방향의 차이가 Orchardgrass가 우점된 산지초지에서 목초의 월동성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 1. 원동전 식물체의 초세는 1번초의 생육과 포장생존율 및 월동성에 미치는 영향이 컸다고 생각된다. 2. 상대경수출현율당 개체중(DW/RTAR)은 초세와 유의한 부의 상관을 나타낸 반면에, 월동전 개체당 경수, 1번초의 개체당 경수, 개체중, 포장생존율 및 상대경수출현율과는 유의한 정상관을 나타내었다. 3. 월동성은 서>북북서>동남동>남남서 사면의 순으로 높았다.

  • PDF

재식밀도를 달리한 한국 잔디의 생장반응 (Growth Response of Korean Lawngrass (Zoysia Japonica Steud.) Imposed by Different Plant Densities)

  • 심재성
    • 아시안잔디학회지
    • /
    • 제3권1호
    • /
    • pp.5-12
    • /
    • 1989
  • Tiller numbers per Unit area were increased as plant density heightened followed by little difference in tiller number in 110 days after transplanting(ll0DAT), this being caused by the immediate increment of tiller since' 90DAT During the growth period, the greatest number of green leaves per unit area was attained in 90DAT of both 160-density and 200-density plots, and in l00DAT of 40-, 80-, and I 20-density plots. Thus, the period to reach the maximum green leaf number with the high plant density was earlier than with the' low plant density. The increment of plant density increased the DM weight of ahoveground part and, with 40-densitytreatment. DNI weight was increased 6.1 times as much up to 110DAT as up to 7ODAT but 2 to 2.9 times with other ehe'nsity treatments. The' rate of increase in stolon length was greatest at the period between 80 and 90DAT when DM weight of stolon showed a large increment. Meanwhile, the average number of stolon was 1.7 at 70DAT but was increased up to 10 at 110DAT probably due to accelerative appeance of Ist stolon branch since 8.0DAT. DM weight of stolon was found to exceeded that of root after 90DAT Thus it was concluded that, when turfs is estahlished from sprig. it may be desirable for first mowing practice to be made at least within l00 days after planting.

  • PDF

재식밀도와 질소시용이 오차드그라스 ( Dactylis glomerata L. ) 품종들의 분벽 소장과 수량에 미치는 영향 ( The Effect of Plant Density and Nitrogen Application on the Tillerring and the yield in cultivars of Orchargrass ( Dactylis glomerata L. ) )

  • 김정해;이호진
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
    • /
    • 제10권1호
    • /
    • pp.1-9
    • /
    • 1990
  • Tillering of orchardgrass during establishment year was considered as an important factor for ground cover and forage yield. Field experiment was conducted to examine seasonal fluctuation of tiller number in three cultivars of orchardgrass; Potomac, Hall-mark, and Sumas, after transplanting with five planting density. Also, effects of plant density and nitrogen application in cultivar, Potomac were studied on tillering, forage yield and various growth characteristics in pot experiment Tillers per plant decreased with increased density and showed seasonal variations. It increased up to July, decreased during summer months, and increased again from October. Sumas had less tillers than other cultivars, especially at high density. Tillers per unit area kept high during spring. After then, there was stady decrease through summer and remained constant without affecting by planting density. Nitrogen application increased tillers per unit area in Potomac up to 20kg/10a, but decreased its tiller production at 40kg/lOa. Maximum number of tiller was obtained in the combinations of 20kg application of nitrogen with higher density than 324 plant per square meter. Forage yield increased as nitrogen application increased, while it did not respond to plant density. Forage yield had high linear correlation between LAI, leaf number with a peak at 2800 culrns. For high forage yielding, it was suggested to obtain optimum number of tillers per unit area in early season as possible, applying of adequate amount of nitrogen with relative high density depend on cultural condition.

  • PDF

율무의 분얼순서에 따른 생육 및 수량 기여도 (Growth and Yield Characteristics by Tillering Sequence in Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. mayuen Stapf)

  • 이은섭;윤성탁;박경열
    • 한국약용작물학회지
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.219-225
    • /
    • 2004
  • 재식밀도를 달리하여 파종한 후 최고분얼기에 엽의 전개정도를 기준으로 하여 분얼순서를 정한 후 분얼순서에 따른 생육특성, 수량구성요소 및 수량형질간 종실수량에 기여하는 정도를 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 생육형질의 경우 재식밀도간에는 표준구인 $60{\times}15\;cm$에 비하여 소식구인 $60{\times}25\;cm$에서 간장은 20 cm 짧았고 간직경은 0.9 mm 굵었고 총포수는 4.7개 많았으나 착립 절위는 1.7절 낮게 착립되었다. 분얼출현이 늦을수록 간장은 짧아지고 간직경은 가늘어졌다. 2. 수량형질의 경우, 채식밀도간에는 표준구인 $60{\times}15\;cm$ 구에 비하여 소식구인 $60{\times}25\;cm$ 구에서 지간장(枝桿長)은 2.55배 길었으며 분얼당 종실수는 2.45배, 분얼당 총포수는 1.96배 많았으나 등숙율은 12.2% 낮았으나 100립중은 0.5 g 가벼웠다. 3. 분얼순서간에는 분얼출현이 늦을수록 지간장(枝桿長)은 짧아지고, 분얼당 종실수는 적어지는 경향이었다. 총포수는 주간에서 가장 많았으나, 분얼출현이 늦을수록 더 뚜렷하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 100립중은 $60{\times}15\;cm$ 구에서는 출현이 늦은 분얼일수록 가벼워졌으나, $60{\times}25\;cm$ 구에서는 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 4. 10a당 수량에 대한 분얼순서별 기여정도는 두 재식 밀도구에서 주간을 포함한 1차분얼인 1, 2, 3, 4째 출현된 분얼에서 표준구인 $60{\times}15\;cm$ 구에서 84.5%, 소식구인 $60{\times}25\;cm$ 구에서 84.1%를 차지하여 1차 분얼이 수량에 대한 기여도가 높았다. 5. 계식밀도별 10a당 수량에 대한 경로계수를 분석한 결과를 보면 직접효과는 표준구인 $60{\times}15\;cm$ 구에서는 분얼당 종실수, 100립중, 등숙율 순이었으며, 소식구인 $60{\times}25\;cm$ 구에서는 분얼당 종실수, 분얼당 총포수, 등숙율, 100립중 순이었다.

질소시용 및 예초간격이 한국 잔디(Zoysia japonica Steud.)의 제잔디 구성요소 특성변화에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Nitrogen Application and Clipping Interval on the Characteristics of Several Turf Components of Korean Lawn Grass (Zoysia japonica Steud.))

  • 심재성;윤익석
    • 아시안잔디학회지
    • /
    • 제1권1호
    • /
    • pp.18-29
    • /
    • 1987
  • This study was carried out to examine the effect of nitrogen application and clipping interval on the characteristics of several turf components of korean lawngrass for the basic data of lawn management. It was treated by Split plot design with three replications. The main plots were nitrogen levels with 0, 350, and 700kgN / ha, and the sub plots were clipping intervals with 10, 20, and 30 days The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. Increasing the rate of nitrogen fertilizer and frequent clipping increased tiller number of korean lawngrass and the maximum number of tillers obtained in October were recorded from 700kgN application and clipping treatment of 10 days interval. Meanwhile, treatment of 350kgN with 10 days clipping interval increased tillers much more than those of 700kgN with 20 and 30 days clipping intervals. 2. The average number of green leaves occurred during the growth period maximized by applying 700 kgN and clipping 10 days interval. 3. Increasing tiller numbers significantly decreased tops DM weight per tiller by clippng plants at interval of 10 and 20 days, irrespective of nitrogen applied, and with nil N, at the interval of 30 days. By applying 700kgN however, tops DM weight per tiller increased as the number of tillers increased consistently. 4. The highest tops DM weight was achieved from late August to early September by applying 350 and 700kgN. 5. During the growth period, nitrogen application increased unders(stolon+root) DM weight, and, at the same level of nitrogen applied, the increase in stolon DM weight enhanced by lengthening the clipping interval to 30 days. 6. Nitrogen efficiency to green leaves, stolon nodes and DM weight of root with high nitrogen was achieved as clipping interval was shortened.

  • PDF

질소시용, 예초 및 재식밀도가 한국잔디(Zoysia Japonica Steud)의 생육에 미치는 영향 (Studies on the growth of Korea Lawn Grass (Zoysia japonica Steud.)in Reponse to Nitrogen Application, Clipping Treatment and Plant Density)

  • 심재성
    • 자연과학논문집
    • /
    • 제1권
    • /
    • pp.61-113
    • /
    • 1987
  • The increasing emphasis placed on the production of fine turf for lawns, golf courses, parks, and other recreational sites has led to many unsolved problems as to how such turf could be best established and mainteined. For this purpose, a series of experiments were conducted under con ditions of pot and field. The results obtained were as follows EXPERIMENT I. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer and clipping interval on Zoysia japonica. 1. Increasing the rate of nitrogen and frequent clipping increased tiller number of Zoysis japonica and the maximum number of tillers were obtained from 700 kg N application and freqnent clippings (10 days interval ) in October. Treatment of 350kg N with 10 days clipping interval increased tillers much more than those of 700 kgN with 20 and 30 days clipping intervals. 2. The average number of green leaves occurred during the growth period maximized by applying 700 kg N and clipping 10 days interval. 3. Increasing tiller numbers significantly decreased tops DM weight per tiller by clipping plants at interval of 10 and 20 days, irrespective of nitrogen applied, and with nil N, at the interval of 30 days. By applying 700 kg N, however, top DM weight per tiller increased as the number of tillers increased consistently. 4. The highest top DM weight was achieved from late August to early September by applying 350 and 700kgN. 5. During the growth period, differences in unders ( stolon + root ) DM weight occurred bynitrogen application were found between nil N and two applied nitrogen levels, whereas, at the same level of nitrogen applied, the increase in stolon DM weight enhanced by lengthening the clipping interval to 30 days. 6. Nitrogen efficiency to green leaves, stolon nodes and DM weight of root with high nitrogen was achieved as clipping interval was shortened. 7. By increasing fertilizer nitrogen rate applied, N content n the leaves and stems of Zoysiajaponica was increased. On the other hand, N content in root and stolon had little effect onfertilizer nitrogen, resulting in the lowest content among plant fractions. The largest content of N was recorded in leaves. Lengthening the clipping interval from 10 or 20 to 30 days tends to decrease the N content in the leaves and stems, whereas this trend did not appeared in stolon androot. 8. A positive correlations between N and K contents in tops and stolon were established andthus K content increased as N content in tops and stolon increased. Meanwhile, P content was not affected by N and clipping treatments. 9. Total soluble carbohydrate content in Zoysia japonica was largest in stolon and stem, and was reduced by increasing fertilizer nitrogen rate. Reduction in total soluble carbohydrate due to increased nitrogen rate was severer in the stolons and stems than in the leaves. 10. Increasing the rate of nitrogen applied increased the number of small and large vascular bundles in leaf blade, but shortened distance among the large vascular bundles. Shortening the clipping interval resulted in increase of the number of large vascular bundles but decrease ofdistance between large vascular bundles.EXPERIMENT II. Growth response of Zoysia japonica imposed by different plant densities. 1. Tiller numbers per unit area increased as plant density heightened. Differences in num ber between densities at higher densities than 120 D were of no significance. 2. Tiller numbers per clone attained by 110 days after transplanting were 126 at 40D,77 at 80D, 67 at 120D, 54 at 160D, and 41 at 200D. A decreasing trend of tiller numbers per clone with increasing density was noticable from 100 days after transplanting onwards. 3. During the growth period, the greatest number of green leaves per unit area were attainedin 90days after transplanting at 160D and 200D, and 100 days after transplanting at 40D, 80Dand 120D. Thus the period to reach the maximum green leaf number with the high plantdensity was likely to be earlier that with the low plant density. 4. Stolon growth up to 80 days after transplaning was relatively slow, but from 80 daysonwards, the growth quickened to range from 1.9 m/clone at 40D to 0.6m/clone at 200Din 200 days after transplanting, these followed by the stolon node produced. 5. Plant density did not affect stolon weight/clone and root weight/clone until 80 daysafter transplanting. 6. DM weight of root was heavier in the early period of growth than that of stolon, butthis trend was reversed in the late period of growth : DM weight of stolon was much higherthan that of root.EXPERIMENT Ill. Vegetative growth of Zoysia japonica and Zoysia matrella as affected by nitrogen and clipping height. 1. When no nitrogen was applied to Zoysia japonica, leaf blade which appeared during theAugust-early September period remained green for a perid of about 10 weeks and even leavesemerged in rate September lived for 42 days. However, leaf longevity did not exceed 8 weeks asnitrogen was applied. In contrast the leaf longevity of Zoysia matrella which emerged during the mid August-earlySeptember period was 11 weeks and, under the nitrogen applied, 9 weeks, indicating that thelife-spen of individual leaf of Zoysia matrella may be longer than that of Zoysia japorica. Clipping height had no effect on the leaf longevity in both grasses. 2. During the July-August period, tiller number, green leaf number and DM weightof Zoysia japonica were increased significantly with fertilizer nitrogen, but were not with twolevel of clipping height. This trend was reversed after late September ; no effect of nitrogen wasappeared. Instead, lax clipping increased tiller number, green leaf number and DM weight. Greenleaves stimulated by lax clipping resulted in the occurrance of more dead leaves in late October. 3. Among the stolons outgrown until early September, the primary stolon was not influencedby nitrogen and clipping treatments to produce only 2-3 stolons. However, 1st branch stoIon asaffected by nitrogen increased significantly, so most of stolons which occurred consisted of 1st branch stolons. 4. Until early September, stolon length obtained at nil nitrogen level was chiefly caused bythe primary stolons. By applying nitrogen, the primary stolons of Zoysia japonica waslonger than 1st branch stolons when severe clipping was involved and in turn, shorter than 1stbranch stolons when lax clipping was concerned. In Zoysia matrella, 1st branch stolons were muchlonger than the primary stolon when turf was clipped severely but in conditions of lax clippingthere was little difference in length between primary and 1st branch stolons. 5. Stolon nodes of both Zoysia japonica and Z. matrella were positively influenced by nit rogen, but no particular increase by imposing clipping height treatment was marked in Zoysiamatrella. Although the stolon of Zoysia japonica grew until late October, the growthstimulated by nitrogen was not so remarkable as to exceed that by nil N.

  • PDF

대맥 F2집단의 조합능력과 상관관계 (Combining Ability and Correlation for Some Quantitative Characters of F2 Hybrids in Barley)

  • 정원복
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제10권2호
    • /
    • pp.177-181
    • /
    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters such as combining ability, heritabilities and correlation coefficients forsome agronomic characters by 6$\times$6 dialled crosses of barley. The results obtained were summarized as follows. Mean squares of general combining ability(GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) were significant for all characters observed. Mean squares of general combining ability for all characters were expressed as higher values than those of specific combining ability. Jecheon #5 showed the high general combining ability effects for culm length, and Waegwanpimack #1 showed the highest general combining ability effects for tiller number. Cygne also showed the high general combining ability effects for spike length and 1,000 grains weight. Furthermore, Plumage was expressed with the highest general combining ability effects for spike length and 1,000 grains weight. Furthermore, Plumage was expressed with the highest general combining ability effects for number of grains per spike. In specific combining ability effects, Samdugjeonbug # 45$\times$Plumage showed the high value for culm length, and Suwon #6 $\times$Waegwanpimack #1$\times$ was expressed with the highest specific combining ability effects for tiller number. Jecheon #5$\times$Plumage also showed the high specific combining ability effects for spike length and number of grains per spike. Suwon #6$\times$Cygne showed the high specific combining ability effects for 1,000 grains weight. The heritabilities of spike length an number of grains per spike were over 90%. In correlation coefficients among characters, relationships between culm length and tiller number, culm length and spike length, culm length and 1,000 grains weight, and spike length and 1,000 grains weight showed highly positively correlation.

  • PDF

사후봉사(事後奉仕)를 위(為)한 동력경운기(動力耕耘機) 주요(主要) 부품(部品)의 소요(所要) 수량(数量) 추정(推定)에 관(関)한 연구(硏究) (Estimation on Repair Part Requirement of Some Major Parts of Power Tiller)

  • 이대원;김경욱
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
    • /
    • 제9권1호
    • /
    • pp.5-10
    • /
    • 1984
  • Using the renewal theory based on the Weibull distribution, an estimation was made on the number of replacement parts annually required for the after-service of some major parts of power tiller at the local repair shops or dealers. The production requirements of the parts were also estimated for the service in the next 5 years following the sales of power tillers.

  • PDF