• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.88-90
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• 2002

정보를 공유하고 표준화하기 위한 MdR(Metadata Registry)은 데이터요소 개념과 데이터요소로 구성되지만 개념간의 관계를 설정하는 방법을 제시하고 있지 않기 때문에 정보통합시 유연성이 제한된다. 반면, 온톨로지(Ontology)는 도메인에 기반한 개념과 이들 개념간의 관계를 설정할 수 있다 그러나 새로운 개념의 추가에 따른 온톨로지 재구성은 시간이나 비용적으로 많은 오버헤드를 초래한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 본 논문에서는 위에서 언급한 MdR과 온톨로지의 특징을 결합하여 새로운 데이터 소스의 추가시 유연한 확장성을 제공하는 에이전트 기반의 3-계층 정보 통합 시스템을 제안한다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

The person Re-identification is the most challenging part of computer vision due to the significant changes in human pose and background clutter with occlusions. The picture from non-overlapping cameras enhance the difficulty to distinguish some person from the other. To reach a better performance match, most methods use feature selection and distance metrics separately to get discriminative representations and proper distance to describe the similarity between person and kind of ignoring some significant features. This situation has encouraged us to consider a novel method to deal with this problem. In this paper, we proposed an enhanced recurrent neural network with three-tier hierarchical network for person re-identification. Specifically, the proposed recurrent neural network (RNN) model contain an iterative expectation maximum (EM) algorithm and three-tier Hierarchical network to jointly learn both the discriminative features and metrics distance. The iterative EM algorithm can fully use of the feature extraction ability of convolutional neural network (CNN) which is in series before the RNN. By unsupervised learning, the EM framework can change the labels of the patches and train larger datasets. Through the three-tier hierarchical network, the convolutional neural network, recurrent network and pooling layer can jointly be a feature extractor to better train the network. The experimental result shows that comparing with other researchers' approaches in this field, this method also can get a competitive accuracy. The influence of different component of this method will be analyzed and evaluated in the future research.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.4
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• pp.639-646
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• 2003

Conventional two-tier databases have shown performance limitation in the presence of many concurrent clients. To this end, the three-tier architecture that exploits similarities in client's object access behavior has been proposed. In this system, clients are partitioned into clusters, and object requests can be then served in inter-cluster manner. Introducing an intermediate layer between server(s) and clients enables this. In this paper, we introduce the problem of client realignment in which access behavior changes, and propose on-line client clustering. This system facilitates adaptive reconfiguration and redistribution of sites. The core issue in this paper is to demonstrate the effectiveness of on-line client clustering. We experimentally investigate the performance of the scheme and necessary costs.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.240-245
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• 2014

As the seriousness of the global environment pollution is gaining our attention recently, researches on application of greenhouse gas emission of ship are being carried globally. However domestic study on greenhouse gas emission from ship was not carried out in various fields. In this study, quantitative data which was presented by greenhouse gas emission of training ship HANBADA and greenhouse gas emission was calculated by Tier 1 method based on total fuel consumption and amount of shore power. Actual voyage data for 1year in 2012 was used to analysis the greenhouse gas emission. This study showed how many weight of gases were exhausted per 1 gross tonnage and per 1trainee in the training ship. There is a need of further research to reduce pollutant and to respond to international environment regulation consistently.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.213-232
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• 2000

It is important to scrutinize spatial patterns in crime analysis since crime data has geographical attribute in itself. We focus on the development of ¨Crime Analysis GIS¨ prototype which can discover spatial patterns in crime data by integrating mapping functions of GIS and spatial analysis techniques. The structure of this system involves integration of DBMS and GIS, and the major functions of the system include (i) exploring spatial distribution of point data, (ii) mapping hot-spot, (iii) clustering analysis of crime occurrence, and (iv) analyzing aggregated areal data. The process of design and implementation of this system is based on object-oriented methodologies. A web-based extension of the prototype using 3-tier architecture is currently under development.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.559-571
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• 2003

ENUM(tElephon NUmbering Mapping) is protocol that brings convergence between PSTN Networks and IP Networks using a unique worldwide E.164 telephone number as an identifier between different communication infrastructure. The mechanism provides a bridge between two completely different environments with E.164 number; IP based application services used in PSTN networks, and PSTN based application services used in IP networks. We propose a new way to organize and handle ENUM Tier 2 name servers to improve performance at the name resolution process in ENUM based application service. We build an ENUM based network model when NAPTR(Naming Authority PoinTeR) resource record is registered and managed by area code at the initial registration step. ENUM promises convenience and flexibility to both PSTN and IP users, yet there is no evidence how much patience is required when users decide to use ENUM instead of non-ENUM based applications. We have estimated ENUM response time, and proved how to improve performance up to 3 times when resources are managed by the proposed mechanism. The proposition of this thesis favorably influences users and helps to establish the policy for Tier 2 name server management.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 2010

This paper introduces a new model based method for facial expression recognition that uses facial grid angles as feature space. In order to be able to recognize the six main facial expression, proposed method uses a grid approach and therefore it establishes a new feature space based on the angles that each gird's edge and vertex form. The way taken in the paper is robust against several affine transformations such as translation, rotation, and scaling which in other approaches are considered very harmful in the overall accuracy of a facial expression recognition algorithm. Also, this paper demonstrates the process that the feature space is created using angles and how a selection process of feature subset within this space is applied with Wrapper approach. Selected features are classified by SVM, 3-NN classifier and classification results are validated with two-tier cross validation. Proposed method shows 94% classification result and feature selection algorithm improves results by up to 10% over the full set of feature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 2011

According to EMEP/EEA Emission Inventory Guidebook, the emissions produced by vehicle in cold start phase should be calculated differently compared to hot start phase. In this study, considering this driving cycle, more appropriate procedures for estimating Environmental Benefits was suggested. Using Tier 3 standard, all links within the impact area were included in estimating emissions. Traffic volume and travel distance were analyzed using EMME/3 software. For application of the procedures in this study, the case study was carried out with real transportation project. As a result, the Environment-Benefits increased by 30%. If the methodology suggested in this study is applied to feasibility study it will help to activate the investment of the environment-friendly modes like railway in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.92-95
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• 1999

재배시설내의 재배면적은 온실의 경우 벤치의 구성 방법에 따라서 차이는 있으나 바닥 면적의 47-68% 정도로 전체 면적에 비하여 생산에 사용되는 면적의 효율이 높지 못한 편이다(Langhans, 1990). 이러한 재배면적을 최대로 확보하여 단위 면적당 생산량을 높이기 위한 연구가 자동화 온실이나 식물공장을 중심으로 진행되고 있다. 이러한 연구는 많은 성과를 거두고 있으나 인공광을 이용하거나, 부가적인 기계화 장비나 자동화 설비가 필요하여 에너지 비용과 시설비용이 무시 못 할 정도이며, 고도의 제어기술이 요구되고 있어 상업용으로 보급되지 못하고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.855-863
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• 2016

Most greenhouse gases were arisen from the generation and use of energy, more than about 95 % of greenhouse gas from the traffic section was resulted by the transportation fuels. Also, when using the $CO_2$ emission factor suggested at IPCC G/L, there was the weakness which did not reflect the own property of fuel by country. And most industrialized countries have applied with the $CO_2$ emission factor of Tier 2 or Tier 3 to make the national greenhouse report to submit to UN according to the Kyoto Protocol. In this study, the transportation fuels using in domestic like unleaded gasoline, diesel, etc were analysed to identify the physical/chemical properties and these data were used to calculate the $CO_2$ emission factor of each fuels. And the study analysed the time series analysis to compare the property of fuels according to the change of time.