• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 2016

Lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. The present study assessed the infection status of B. burgdorferi among horses reared in Korea using ELISA and PCR. Between 2009 and 2013, blood samples were collected from 727 horses throughout Korea. Data for each animal including age, gender, breed, and region of sample collection were used for epidemiological analysis. Overall, 38 (5.2%; true prevalence: 5.5%) of 727 horses were seropositive by ELISA. There were statistically significant differences according to breed and region (P<0.001) whose differences might be attributed to the ecology of vector ticks and climate conditions. Using 2 nested PCR, none of the samples tested positive for B. burgdorferi. Thus, a positive ELISA result can indicate only that the tested horse was previously exposed to B. burgdorferi, with no certainty over the time of exposure. Since global warming is likely to increase the abundance of ticks in Korea, continuous monitoring of tick-borne diseases in Korean horses is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2011

Stock price index option market has various investment strategies that have been developed. Specially, arbitrage strategies are very important to be efficient in option market. The purpose of this study is to improve profit using rough set and Box spread by using past option trading data. Option trading data was based on an actual stock exchange market tick data ranging from 2001 to 2006. Validation process was carried out by transferring the tick data into one-minute intervals. Box spread arbitrage strategies is low risk but low profit. It can be accomplished by back-testing of the existing strategy of the past data and by using rough set, which limit the time line of dealing. This study can make more stable profits with lower risk if control the strategy that can produces a higher profit module compared to that of the same level of risk.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1061-1073
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• 2009

Stock price index option investing is a scientific investment method and various index and investment strategies have been developed. The purpose of this study is to apply the variety of option investment strategies that have been introduced in the market and validate them using past option trading data. Option data was based on an actual stock exchange market tick data ranging from September 2001 to January 2007. Visual Basic is used to propose an option back-testing model. Validation process was carried out by transferring the tick data into ten-minute intervals and empirically analyzed. Furthermore, most option-related strategies have been applied to the model, and the usefulness of each strategies can be easily evaluated. As option investment has high leverage followed by high risks and profit, the optimal option investment strategy should be used according to the market condition at the time to make stable profit with minimum risk.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.473-475
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• 2015

A 12-year-old intact male, Alaskan Malamute dog, which lives in the countryside, was presented with inflammation and pain around perineal areas. Thorough examination revealed maggots and punched-out round holes lesion around the perineal region. Complete blood counts (CBC) and serum biochemical examinations showed no remarkable findings except mild anemia and mild thrombocytosis. The diagnosis was easily done, based on clinical signs and maggots identification. Cleaning with chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine lavage and hair clipping away from the lesions were performed soon after presentation. SNAP 4Dx Test (IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, ME, USA) was performed to rule out other vector-borne diseases since the ticks were found on the clipped area and vector-borne pathogens. The test result was negative. The dog in this case was treated with ivermectin (300 mcg/kg SC) one time. Also, treatments with amoxicillin clavulanate (20 mg/kg PO, BID) was established to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Then, myiasis resolved with 2 weeks and the affected area was healed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2017

The study of canine vector-borne diseases in the Philippines started in the 1970s but only gained interest in the past decade. Characterization of such diseases in the Philippines remains incomplete, thus, it is necessary to obtain additional information on the prevalence and diversity of canine tick-borne diseases in the country. In this study, blood samples were obtained at two veterinary clinics in Metro Manila, Philippines from 114 dogs suspected of having canine tick-borne pathogens. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on whole blood DNA extracts followed by sequencing, and the following pathogens were detected: Hepatozoon (H.) canis (5.26%), Babesia (B.) vogeli (5.26%), Ehrlichia (E.) canis (4.39%), and Anaplasma platys (3.51%). Additionally, a set of multiplex PCR primers were developed to detect H. canis, Babesia spp. (B. canis and B. vogeli), and E. canis in canine blood. Multiplex and conventional single-reaction PCR results for the 114 dog blood samples were similar, except for one H. canis sample. Multiplex PCR is, therefore, a useful tool in screening infected dogs in veterinary clinics. This study's results, together with those of previous studies in the country, show that canine vector-borne pathogens are an emerging veterinary concern in the Philippines.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.307-313
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• 2011

Although lizards are important hosts for hard ticks (Ixodidae), very few studies have been conducted in South Korea. To determine whether or not hard ticks can infest lizards endemic to South Korea, we examined 77 lizards of four species (Eremias argus, Sincella vandenburghi, Takydromus amurensis, and Takydromus wolteri) that were collected at 22 different sites between April and October 2010. We confirmed that all four lizard species can be infested by Ixodes nipponensis larvae or nymphs. Of the 62 E. argus examined, we found an average of 12.5 larvae on two lizards and an average of one nymph on one lizard. We found seven nymphs on one S. vandenburghi. We found an average of two nymphs on two of the five T. amurensis and an average of one nymph on four of the nine T. wolteri. Ixodes nipponensis larvae and nymphs were found most frequently on the foreleg axillae (87.8%), followed by the forelegs (7.3%), the eyelids (2.4%), and the ears (2.4%) of the lizards. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of I. nipponensis infestations of lizards endemic to South Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.327-334
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• 2013

Vaccination is considered a promising alternative for controlling tick infestations. Haemaphysalis longicornis midgut proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane were screened for protective value against bites. The western blot demonstrated the immunogenicity of 92 kDa protein (P92). The analysis of the P92 amino acid sequence by LC-MS/MS indicated that it was a H. longicornis paramyosin (Hl-Pmy). The full lenghth cDNA of Hl-Pmy was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) which consisted of 2,783 bp with a 161 bp 3' untranslated region. Sequence alignment of tick paramyosin (Pmy) showed that Hl-Pmy shared a high level of conservation among ticks. Comparison with the protective epitope sequence of other invertebrate Pmy, it was calculated that the protective epitope of Hl-Pmy was a peptide (LEEAEGSSETVVEMNKKRDTE) named LEE, which was close to the N-terminal of Hl-Pmy protein. The secondary structure analysis suggested that LEE had non-helical segments within an ${\alpha}$-helical structure. These results provide the basis for developing a vaccine against biting H. longicornis ticks.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.201-211
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• 1984

Rhipicephilus sanguineus (Latreille 1806) the brown dog tick, is one of the most widely distributed ixodid ticks in the world, however, there was no report for the discovery of the species in Korea. Specimens unfed or partly fed were collected from the dogs rearing in the livestock farms and the pastures near the farms located in Kyunggi-Do, Chungchong-Namdo, Cholla-Pukdo and Cheju-Do, in summer seasons during 1981 to 1984. The specimens were examined at the Institute of Veterinary Research in Anyang and were identified as R. sanguineus. The morphological characteristics observed by means of the scanning electron microscope were presented with some SEM microphotographs. As. R. sanguineus is firstly discovered to occur in Korea, a total of 20 species of ticks belonging to E: genera, such as, Argas, Amblyomma, Boophilus, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ixodes and Rhipicephilus, has now been recorded.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.213-226
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• 1984

Scanning electron microscope (Model; SEM ISI-DS-130) was used to observe the fine surface structures of the predominant cattle tick Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann 1901 (Acarina: Ixodidae) in Korea and some SEM microphotographs were presented in this pictorial monograph. Brief descriptions of the main contents are consisted of followings; L Mean body size is 2.43mm in unfed males and 2. 58mm in unfed females, the eyes are absent. 2. The scutums are inornated but there are some short-setae on the surface of the body. 3. The festoons on the dorso-marginal part of the body are present and segmented with 11 sectors. 4. The cornua is well-developed and the bypostome dentition is usually 5/5 in both sexes but rarely 4/4 also seen. 5. There is no dorsal projection on the anteriointernal margin of the palpal article 2, howevever, there are well developed dorso-internal setae with setal fossa on it. 6. The joints of the legs (Coxatrochanter and trochanter coxa, etc) are well developed.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.21-27
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• 2015

We analyze the problem that is occurring when using parity mode transformation required for 9 bit serial communication under Linux environment and propose the solution. The parity mode change is used for 9 bit serial communication in the Linux that by nature supports only 8 bit serial communication. delay (around OS tick) arises. Our analysis shows that the cause is minimum length of waiting time to transmit data remained in Tx FIFO buffers. A modified Linux serial driver proposed in this paper decreases the delay less than 1ms by using accurate time delaying. Despite various system communication interfaces, enormous existing standards and system have adopted RS-232 serial communication, and the part of them have communicated by 9bit serial.