Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.97

Serological Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi among Horses in Korea  

Lee, Seung-Hun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Yun, Sun-Hee (Division of Veterinary Service Lab, Institute of Public Health & Environment)
Choi, Eunsang (Smile Equine Clinic)
Park, Yong-Soo (Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)
Lee, Sang-Eun (Division of Malaria and Parasitic Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Cho, Gil-Jae (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Kwon, Oh-Deog (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Kwak, Dongmi (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
Publication Information
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases / v.54, no.1, 2016 , pp. 97-101 More about this Journal
Abstract
Lyme disease is a tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. The present study assessed the infection status of B. burgdorferi among horses reared in Korea using ELISA and PCR. Between 2009 and 2013, blood samples were collected from 727 horses throughout Korea. Data for each animal including age, gender, breed, and region of sample collection were used for epidemiological analysis. Overall, 38 (5.2%; true prevalence: 5.5%) of 727 horses were seropositive by ELISA. There were statistically significant differences according to breed and region (P<0.001) whose differences might be attributed to the ecology of vector ticks and climate conditions. Using 2 nested PCR, none of the samples tested positive for B. burgdorferi. Thus, a positive ELISA result can indicate only that the tested horse was previously exposed to B. burgdorferi, with no certainty over the time of exposure. Since global warming is likely to increase the abundance of ticks in Korea, continuous monitoring of tick-borne diseases in Korean horses is needed.
Keywords
Borrelia burgdorferi; equine; ELISA; PCR; serology;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Skotarczak B. Why are there several species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in dogs and humans? Infect Genet Evol 2014; 23: 182-188.   DOI
2 Moon S, Gwack J, Hwang KJ, Kwon D, Kim S, Noh Y, Roh J, Shin EH, Jeong K, Seok WS. Autochthonous lyme borreliosis in humans and ticks in Korea. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2013; 4: 52-56.   DOI
3 Butler CM, Houwers DJ, Jongejan F, Van Der Kolk JH. Borrelia burgdorferi infections with special reference to horses. A review. Vet Q 2005; 27: 146-156.   DOI
4 Wang IN, Dykhuizen DE, Qiu W, Dunn JJ, Bosler EM, Luft BJ. Genetic diversity of ospC in a local population of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. Genetics 1999; 151: 15-30.
5 Mannelli A, Bertolotti L, Gern L, Gray J. Ecology of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Europe: transmission dynamics in multi-host systems, influence of molecular processes and effects of climate change. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2012; 36: 837-861.   DOI
6 Skotarczak B, Wodecka B. Identification of Borrelia burgdorferi genospecies inducing Lyme disease in dogs from western Poland. Acta Vet Hung 2005; 53: 13-21.   DOI
7 Burbelo PD, Bren KE, Ching KH, Coleman A, Yang X, Kariu T, Iadarola MJ, Pal U. Antibody profiling of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2011; 18: 1562-1567.   DOI
8 Burgess EC, Mattison M. Encephalitis associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 1457-1458.
9 James FM, Engiles JB, Beech J. Meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculoneuritis associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010; 237: 1180-1185.   DOI
10 Browning A, Carter SD, Barnes A, May C, Bennett D. Lameness associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection in the horse. Vet Rec 1993; 132: 610-611.   DOI
11 Burgess EC, Gillette D, Pickett JP. Arthritis and panuveitis as manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a Wisconsin pony. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 189: 1340-1342.
12 Sears KP, Divers TJ, Neff RT, Miller Jr WH, McDonough SP. A case of Borrelia-associated cutaneous pseudolymphoma in a horse. Vet Dermatol 2012; 23: 153-156.   DOI
13 Kawabata M, Baba S, Iguchi K, Yamaguti N, Russell H. Lyme disease in Japan and its possible incriminated tick vector, Ixodes persulcatus. J Infect Dis 1987; 156: 854.   DOI
14 Borchers AT, Keen CL, Huntley AC, Gershwin ME. Lyme disease: a rigorous review of diagnostic criteria and treatment. J Autoimmun 2015; 57: 82-115.   DOI
15 Chengxu A, Yuxin W, Yongguo Z, Shaoshan W, Quicheng Q, Zhixue S, Deyou L, Dongquan C, Xiaodong L, Jienhua Z. Clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of lyme disease in Hailin county, Heilongjiang Province, China. Ann NewYork Acad Sci 1988; 539: 302-313.   DOI
16 Tay ST, Kamalanathan M, Rohani MY. Borrelia burgdorferi (strain B. afzelii) antibodies among Malaysian blood donors and patients. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2002; 33: 787-793.
17 Park KH, Chang WH, Schwan TG. Identification and characterization of lyme disease spirochetes, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, isolated in Korea. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 1831-1837.
18 Jung BY, Gebeyehu EB, Seo MG, Byun JW, Kim HY, Kwak D. Prevalence of vector-borne diseases in shelter dogs in Korea. Vet Rec 2012; 171: 249.
19 Lim S, Irwin PJ, Lee S, Oh M, Ahn K, Myung B, Shin S. Comparison of selected canine vector-borne diseases between urban animal shelter and rural hunting dogs in Korea. Parasit Vectors 2010; 3: 32.   DOI
20 Kim HC, Han SH, Chong ST, Klein TA, Choi CY, Nam HY, Chae HY, Lee H, Ko S, Kang JG, Chae JS. Ticks collected from selected mammalian hosts surveyed in the Republic of Korea during 2008-2009. Korean J Parasitol 2011; 49: 331-335.   DOI
21 Lee SH, Lee SE, Seo MG, Goo YK, Cho KH, Cho GJ, Kwon OD, Kwak D, Lee WJ. Evidence of Toxoplasma gondii exposure among horses in Korea. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76: 1663-1665.   DOI
22 Chandrashekar R, Daniluk D, Moffitt S, Lorentzen L, Williams J. Serologic diagnosis of equine borreliosis: evaluation of an in-clinic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SNAP 4Dx). Intern J Appl Res Vet Med 2008; 6: 145-150.
23 Jung BY, Lee KW, Ha TY. Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in clinically healthy racing horses in Korea. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 72: 197-201.   DOI
24 Chae JS, Adjemian JZ, Kim HC, Ko S, Klein TA, Foley J. Predicting the emergence of tick-borne infections based on climatic changes in Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2008; 8: 265-276.   DOI
25 Thrusfield M. Veterinary Epidemiology. 3rd ed. Oxford, UK. Blackwell Publishing. 2005, pp. 228-246.
26 Hansen MG, Christoffersen M, Thuesen LR, Petersen MR, Bojesen AM. Seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Danish horses. Acta Vet Scand 2010; 52: 3.   DOI
27 Chu CY, Jiang BG, Liu W, Zhao QM, Wu XM, Zhang PH, Zhan L, Yang H, Cao WC. Presence of pathogenic Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks and rodents in Zhejiang, south-east China. J Med Microbiol 2008; 57: 980-985.   DOI
28 Reiczigel J, Foldi J, Ozsvari L. Exact confidence limits for prevalence of a disease with an imperfect diagnostic test. Epidemiol Infect 2010; 138: 1674-1678.   DOI
29 Leger E, Vourc'h G, Vial L, Chevillon C, McCoy KD. Changing distributions of ticks: causes and consequences. Exp Appl Acarol 2013; 59: 219-244.   DOI
30 Divers TJ, Grice AL, Mohammed HO, Glaser AL, Wagner B. Changes in Borrelia burgdorferi ELISA antibody over time in both antibiotic treated and untreated horses. Acta Vet Hung 2012; 60: 421-429.   DOI