• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2022

Transition metal carbides (TMCs) are used to process difficult-to-cut materials due to the trend of requiring superior wear and corrosion properties compared to those of cemented carbides used in the cutting industry. In this study, TMC (TiC, TaC, Mo₂C, and NbC)-based cermets were consolidated by spark plasma sintering at 1,300 ℃ (60 ℃min) with a pressure of 60 MPa with Co addition. The sintering behavior of TMCs depended exponentially on the function of the sintering exponent. The Mo₂C-6Co cermet was fully densified, with a relative density of 100.0 %. The Co-binder penetrated the hard phase (carbides) by dissolving and re-precipitating, which completely densified the material. The mechanical properties of the TMCs were determined according to their grain size and elastic modulus: TiC-6Co showed the highest hardness of 1,872.9 MPa, while NbC-6Co showed the highest fracture toughness of 10.6 MPa^*m^1/2. The strengthened grain boundaries due to high interfacial energy could cause a high elastic modules; therefore, TiC-6Co showed a value of 452 ± 12 GPa.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2001

For biomedical applications. Ti-X%Zr-Y%Pd(X: $10{\sim}20$, Y:0.2 or 0.4) based alloys not containing harmful Al and V were newly designed, and polarization curves for their alloys were measured at $37^{\circ}C$ in 5% HCl solution in order to understand effects of Zr on the corrosion. From the results of anodic polarization behavior, it was found that the corrosion resistance increased with increasing Zr content. The results show their potential to develope Ti-based alloys for biomedical materials. The Ti-20%Zr-0.2%Pd alloy shows excellent corrosion resistance and was superior to those of the Ti. Ti-6%Al-4%V ELI alloy, Co-30%Cr-6%Mo alloy and STS 316L stainless steel.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2005

Application of a new photocatalyst has been attempted to improve the efficiency and rates of photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes by using a model dye such as Methyl Orange. As a new photocatalyst, $TiO_2$ encapsulated EFAL-removed zeolite Y ($TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y) has been synthesized by ion-exchange in the mixture of EFAL-removed zeolite Y with 0.05 M aqueous [$(NH_4)_2 TiO(C_2O_4)_2.H_2O$] [$TiO(C_2O_4)_2.H_2O$]. This new photocatalyst has been characterized by measuring XRD, IR and reflectance absorption spectra as well as ICP analysis, and it was found that the framework structure of $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y is not changed by removing the extra-framework aluminum (EFAL) from the normal zeolite Y and the $TiO_2$ inside the photocatalyst exists in the form of $(TiO^{2+})_n$ nanoclusters. Based on the ICP analysis, the Si/Al ratio of the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y and the weight of $TiO_2$ were determined to be 23 and 0.061g in 1.0g photocatalyst, respectively. It was also found that adsorption of the azo dye in the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite is very effective (about 80 % of the substrate used). This efficient adsorption contributes to the synergistic photocatalytic activities of the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite by minimizing the required flux diffusion of the substrate. Thus, the photocatalytic reduction of methyl orange (MO) was found to be 8 times more effective in the presence of $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y than in the presence of $TiO_2$ /normal zeolite Y. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reduction of MO by using 1.0 g of the $TiO_2$ /EFAL-removed zeolite Y containing 0.061g of $TiO_2$ is much faster than that carried out by using 1.0 g of Degussa P-25.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2011

본 논문에서 실리콘 기판 위에 성장된 GaN 에피탁시를 활용하여 고전압 쇼트키 장벽 다이오드를 제작하였으며, 금속-반도체 접합의 열처리 조건에 따른 GaN 완충층 (buffer layer) 누설전류와 제작된 다이오드의 전기적 특성 변화를 연구하였다. Ti/Al/Mo/Au 오믹 접합과 Ni/Au 쇼트키 접합이 제작된 소자에 설계 및 제작되었다. 메사를 관통하는 GaN 완충층의 누설전류를 측정하기 위하여 테스트 구조가 제안되었으며 제작하였다. $700^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 경우 100 V 전압에서 측정된 완충층의 누설전류는 87 nA이며, 이는 $800^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 경우의 완충층의 누설전류인 780 nA보다 적었다. GaN 쇼트키 장벽 다이오드의 누설전류 메커니즘을 분석하기 위해서 Auger 전자 분광학 (Auger electron spectroscopy) 측정을 통해 GaN 내부로 확산되는 Au, Ti, Mo, O 성분들이 완충층 누설전류 증가에 기여함을 확인했다. 금속-반도체 접합의 열처리를 통해 GaN 쇼트키장벽 다이오드의 누설전류를 성공적으로 감소시켰으며 높은 항복전압을 구현하였다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2000

The effects of additional elements on the mechanical properties of HSLA cast steels such as hardness, tensile strength and charily impact energy have been investigated. Test results showed the mechanical properties of HSLA cast steels were superior to those of C-Mn cast steels. In case of the HSLA cast steels, HSLA cast steels with all addition of Nb, V, and Ti had more excellent tensile strength than those with individual addition of Nb, V, or Ti. The tensile strengths of HSLA cast steels were increased as the Mo contents were increased from 0.25% to 0.5%. These are attributed to the solution hardening and the change of the precipitation kinetics of NbC due to increased Mo contents. The tensile strength of HSLA cast steel was remarkablely increased as the manganese contents were increased from 0.65% to 1.2% and 1.5%, respectively. However, the optimum composition of HSLA cast steels to obtain the best compromise between tensile strength and charily impact energy compared to C-Mn cast steel was the additions of0.1% C and 1.2% Mn.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.963-967
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• 2001

The effects of the sintering additives such as Bi$_2$O$_3$and V$_2$O$_{5}$ on the microwave dielectric and sintering properties of ZnTiO$_3$system were investigated. Densities of >97% of the theoretical densities have been attained for ZnTiO$_3$at the sintering temperature range of 870~90$0^{\circ}C$ with Bi$_2$O$_3$and V$_2$O$_{5}$ additions of $_3$were obtained with 0.6wt% Bi$_2$O$_3$and 0.5wt% V$_2$O$_{5}$; Qxf$_{o}$ = 48,400 GHz, $\varepsilon$$_{r}$ = 22, and $\tau$$_{f}$ = -43 PPm/$^{\circ}C$. In order to improve temperature coefficient of resonance frequency, TiO$_2$was added to the above system. The optimum amount of TiO$_2$was 15mo1% when sintered at 87$0^{\circ}C$, at which we could obtain following results ; Qxf$_{o}$ = 44,700 GHz, $\varepsilon$$_{r}$ = 26, and $\tau$$_{f}$ = 0 ppm/$^{\circ}C$.EX>.>.EX>.>.>.EX>.

• 에너지공학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.24-34
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 ZnO 및 TiO2의 혼합소결시에 접합제 및 첨가제의 종류 및 구성비가 아연계 흡수제의 탈황 및 재생반응 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 접합제로 bentomite와 kaolinite를, 첨가제로는 Mo계, Ni계, Cu계를 선정하여 함량을 변화시켰다. 흡수제에 대한 탈황-재생-탈황반응의 반복실험을 위해 연천칭분석기(TGA)계를 조립하여 각 흡수제에 대해 탈황-재생반응의 2사이클 반복실험특성을 조사하였다. XRD분석결과 접합제 및 첨가제의 종류 및 함량에 관계없이 대부분 Zn2 TiO4 와 Zn2 TiO8가 형성됨을 확인하였다. Kaolinite를 접합제로 사용한 탈황제의 표면적이 더 컸으며 접합제의 함량이 증가할수록 표면적과 세공부피는 증가하였다. 탈황반응은 68$0^{\circ}C$, 재생반응은 73$0^{\circ}C$가 적합하였으며 3 mol%의 CuO를 첨가제로 사용한 경우 탈황과 재생반응이 모두 우수하였다. NiO를 첨가제로 사용한 경우 재생성이 우수하였으며 MoO3를 첨가제로 사용한 경우 성능이 우수하지 못하였다. 3 mol%의 CuO를 첨가제로 사용한 흡수제에 대해 고정층에서 연속반복반응실험을 한 결과 반응성이 높게 유지되었다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 1998

$Si_3N_4$상에 PECVD법으로 W박막을 증착하였다. 기판온도와 소스가스의 유량비가 텅 스텐 박막에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. $150^{\circ}C$~$250^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위 내에서 텅스텐 박막의 증착은 표면반응에 의하여 제한 되었으며, 기판온도와 $SiH_4/WF_6$ 유량비 변화에 따라 150~ 530$\AA$/min의 증착률과 스트레스에 영향을 주었고, 특히 과도한 Si3N4가스는 W박막의 구조, 화학적 결합, 스트레스등을 급격히 변화시켰다. TiN, Ti, Mo, NiCr, Al 등 여러 가지 부착층 상의 텅스텐 박막을 증착시킨 결과, Al이 가장 좋은 부착특성을 보였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.473-482
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• 1997

Titanium carbide(TiC) has a poor sinterability due to the strong covalent bond. Thus, it is generally fabricated by either hot pressing or pressureless-sintering at elevated temperature by the addition of sintering aids such as nickel(Ni), molybdenum(Mo) and cobalt(Co). However, these sintering methods have the following disadvantages; (1) the complicated process, (2) the high energy consumption, and (3) the possibility of leaving inevitable impurities in the product, etc. In order to reduce above disadvantages, we investigated the optimum conditions under which dense titanium carbide bodies could be synthesized and sintered simultaneously by high pressure self-combustion sintering(HPCS) method. This method makes good use of the explosive high energy from spontaneous exothermic reaction between titanium and carbon. The optimum conditions for the nearly full-densification were as follows; (1) The densification of sintered body becomes high by increasing the pressing pressure from 400kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ upto 1200 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$. (2) Instead of adding the coarse graphite or activated carbon, the fine particles of carbon black should be added as a carbon source. (3) The optimum molar ratio of carbon to titanium (C/Ti) was unity. In reality, titanium carbide body which were prepared under optimum conditions had relatively dense textures with the apparent porosity of 0.5% and the relative density of 98%.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2004

In the present study, newly developed spark plasma sintering(SPS) technique was introduced to refine the grain size of ${\gamma}$-based TiAl intermetallic compounds. Ti-46Al-1.5Mo and Ti-46Al-1.5Mo-0.2C(at%) prealloyed powders were produced by mechanical milling(MM) in high-energy attritor. The mechanically milled powders were characterized by XRD and SEM for the microstructural evolution as a function of milling time. And then, the MMed powders were sintered by both spark plasma sintering and hot pressing in vacuum (HP). After the sintering process, MM-SPSed specimens were heat-treated in a vacuum furnace (SPS-VHT) and in the SPS equipment(MM-SPS) for microstructural control. It was found from microstrutural observation that the microstructure consisting of equiaxed ${\gamma}$-TiAl with a few hundred nanometer in average size and ${\alpha}_2-Ti_3Al$ particles were formed after both sintering processes. It was also revealed from hardness test and three-point bending test that the effect of grain refinement on the hardness and bending strength is much higher than that of carbon addition. The fully lamellar microstructures, which is less than $80{\mu}m$ in average grain size was obtained by SPS-VHT process, and the fully lamellar microstructure which is less than $100{\mu}m$ in average grain size was obtained by MM-SPS for a relatively shorter heat-treatment time.