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Fabrication of TiAl Alloys by Mechanical Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering  

Kim, M.S. (Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
Kim, J.S. (Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
Hwang, S.J. (Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Daejin University)
Hong, Y.H. (Dept. of Application of Advanced Materials, Suwon Science College)
Oh, M.H. (Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment / v.17, no.1, 2004 , pp. 17-22 More about this Journal
Abstract
In the present study, newly developed spark plasma sintering(SPS) technique was introduced to refine the grain size of ${\gamma}$-based TiAl intermetallic compounds. Ti-46Al-1.5Mo and Ti-46Al-1.5Mo-0.2C(at%) prealloyed powders were produced by mechanical milling(MM) in high-energy attritor. The mechanically milled powders were characterized by XRD and SEM for the microstructural evolution as a function of milling time. And then, the MMed powders were sintered by both spark plasma sintering and hot pressing in vacuum (HP). After the sintering process, MM-SPSed specimens were heat-treated in a vacuum furnace (SPS-VHT) and in the SPS equipment(MM-SPS) for microstructural control. It was found from microstrutural observation that the microstructure consisting of equiaxed ${\gamma}$-TiAl with a few hundred nanometer in average size and ${\alpha}_2-Ti_3Al$ particles were formed after both sintering processes. It was also revealed from hardness test and three-point bending test that the effect of grain refinement on the hardness and bending strength is much higher than that of carbon addition. The fully lamellar microstructures, which is less than $80{\mu}m$ in average grain size was obtained by SPS-VHT process, and the fully lamellar microstructure which is less than $100{\mu}m$ in average grain size was obtained by MM-SPS for a relatively shorter heat-treatment time.
Keywords
Intermetallic compound; ${\gamma}$-TiAl; Fully lamellar microstructure; Mechanical milling(MM); Spark plasma sintering(SPS);
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