• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 1971

The effects of aconite root in rats and rabbits were studied following oral administration of the powder which was prepared by lyophilization of the decoction of the salted aconite roots. The $LD_{50}$ of the powder, the blood picture, total blood volume, uptake rate of ${42}^K$ and ${24}^Na$ in various organs, oxygen consumption, thyroid activity, and histopathological changes in various organs, were observed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The $LD_{50}$ of the powder of decoction of the aconite root was 4.07g/kg of body weight in mice which is equivalent to approximately 40g/kg of the salted aconite roots. 2. The number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, hematocrit value, and the amount of hemoglobin in blood were increased in the rats administered daily dosages of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0g/kg respectively. No significant differences were observed in the differential count of leukocytes. A slight tendency of hemoconcentration was recognized. 3. No changes in the erythrocyte volume, plasma volume and total blood volume were observed in the rats after administration of the powder for one, three, and six days. However, those were decreased in rats treated for ten days. 4. Generally, in various organs of rats the uptake rate of ${24}^Na$ showed a tendency of increasing but that of ${42}^K$ slowed a decreasing tendency. 5. The oxygen consumption was markedly decreased in rats administered the powder. 6. Iodine-131 uptake of thyroid gland was markedly decreased in the rabbits following administration of the powder. 7. In rabbits administered 0.5g/kg for 20 days, fatty changes of hepatic cells, cloudy swelling of the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney and the dilation of splenic sinuses were observed, however, milder changes were found in rabbits treated with 0.1g/kg for the same period.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.8 no.1_2
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• pp.49-55
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• 1974

The authors studied on the 5 cases of solitary thyroid nodule by T3 suppression test and TSH stimulation test. Radioiodine uptake and thyroid scan were observed after administration of dssicated thyroid and TSH. 3 of 5 cases were teated by $^{131}I$ and 2 by long-term adiministration of dessicated thyroid. Following were the results: 1. Nodular tissue was not affected by the administration of dessicated thyroid or TSH. 2. Extranodular tissue responded as normal thyroid tissue on the administration of dessicated thyroid or TSH. 3. There were many gradations from euthyroid to hyperthroid in clinical state. 4. Treatments were succesful in all cases except one case who was treated by long-term administration of dessicated thyroid.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 1972

In native and Saanen goats, the thyroidal iodine uptake rate and its correlation between thyroidal activity and body gain were studied. The results were as follows: 1. The thyroidal iodine-131 uptake rate in native and Saanen goats were 10.46% and 21.26%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). 2. The correlation coefficients between monthly body gain and thyroidal iodine-131 uptake rate were -0.32 and -0.46 in native and Saanen goats, respectively. The correlations were negative and not significant between the rates.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.188-191
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• 2009

The presence of distant metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma decreases the 10-year survival rates of patients by 50%. This is a report of a 61-year-old female with follicular thyroid carcinoma who presented initially with low back pain. 2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) demonstrated a hypointensity lesion in the left thyroid gland with malignant uptake in L1 vertebra and magnetic resonance images revealed paravertebral and epidural extension of mass in L1 vertebra. After thyroidectomy, histopathological study showed a follicular carcinoma. We performed L1 total en bloc spondylectomy with expandable cage for long-term local control. The technical details of total en bloc spondylectomy in follicular carcinoma are described herein.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 1978

Hyperthyroidism may be defined as those clinical conditions which result from an increase in the circulating levels of one or both thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism in broad sense could be classified with toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter on the basis of the circulating thyroid hormone levels. For this study, the subject included 94 cases with hyperthyroidism were presented in 77 with toxic diffuse goiter, 8 with toxic adenomatous goiter, and 9 with toxic multinodular goiter on the levels of $^{125}IT_3$ resin uptake rate and serum thyroxine ($T_4$). The observed results were as follows: 1) In the cases of hyperthyroidism including toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter, 20.21% of the patients were male and 79.79% female. The majority of the patients were in 2nd to 4th decades of their lives. 2) There were objective signs clearly manifested in hyperthyroidism including toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter which were rare in the multinodular goiter. The clinical signs in toxic diffuse and toxic adenomatous goiter included wide pulse pressure, tachycardia, systolic murmur, exophthalmos, tremor and warm skin etc. (Table 3.) 3) The most freauent complaints of the patients with hyperthyroidism were palpitation, weight loss, increased appetite, perspiration, heat intolerance, nervousness, exertional dyspnea, and menstrual disturbance etc. (Table 4.) There was no clear difference in the incidence of symptoms between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter, but there was clear difference between toxic multinodular goiter. 4) Considering of results of $^{125}IT_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ level in toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter and toxic multinodular goiter, $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate was $49.15{\pm}9.94%$ (mean) and serum $T_4\;21.29{\pm}7.04ug/dl$ (mean) in toxic diffuse goiter. In toxic multinodular goiter, $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate was $32.47{\pm}6.74%$ (mean) and serum $T_4$ level $11.03{\pm}5.0ug/dl$, and then there was clear difference in the results of $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic multinodular goiter. The levels of $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ in toxic adenomatous goiter were $40.32{\pm}13.08%$ (mean), $15.47{\pm}8.25ug/dl$ (mean) respectively, so there was no clear difference between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter. 5) There was no significant differnece in length and width performed with thyroid scanning in toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 1975

53 patients with hyperthyroidism have been analyzed with special reference to therapeutic response to radioactive iodine ($^{131}I$) treatment. Mean effective half-life, 24 hour uptake rate and radiation dose of $^{131}I$ in hyperthyroid patients included in this study were respectively. 1. Mean effective half-life of $^{131}I\;was\;4.7{\pm}1.5$ days in the tracer dose and $5.0{\pm}1.5$ days in the therapeutic dose. 2. Mean 24 hour uptake rate of $^{131}I\;was\;72.7{\pm}11.1%$ in the tracer dose and $73.4{\pm}12.3%$ in the theapeutic dose. 3. Mean radiation dose of $^{131}I\;was\;5,319{\pm}2,648$ RAD as predicted and $5,692{\pm}2,843$ RAD as actual. A single dose of radioactive iodine treatment was satisfactory in 34 patients (radioiodine sensitive) and multiple doses of radioactive iodine treatments were required in 19 patients (radioiodine resistant). A radioiodine resistant group of patients with hyperthyroidism was distinctively characteristic in the following aspects. 1. Mean thyroid weight calculated in the resistant group ($63.9{\pm}14.0gm$) was significantly (p<0.01) greater than that of the sensitive group ($46.6{\pm}13.3gm$). 2. Mean 24 hour uptake rate of the tracer dose in the resistant group ($67.3{\pm}10.7%$) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of the sensitive group ($75.7{\pm}10.5%$). 3. Mean 24 hour uptake rate of the therapeutic dose in the resistant group ($68.5{\pm}13.7%$) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of the sensitive group ($76.1{\pm}10.9%$). 4. Mean predicted radiation dose, of $^{131}I$ in the resistant group ($3,684{\pm}1,745$ RAD) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of the sensitive group ($6,232{\pm}2,683$ RAD). 5. Mean actual radiation dose of $^{131}I$ in the resistant group ($4,100{\pm}1,691$ RAD) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of the sensitive group ($6,582{\pm}3,024$ RAD). 6. No significant difference was detected in terms of effective half-life of $^{131}I$ among the groups (p>0.05). 7. The average mean % difference of effective half-life, uptake rate and radiation dose measured following the tracer and therapeutic dose of $^{131}I$ were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Therefore effective half-life, uptake rate and radiation dose of the therapeutic dose of $^{131}I$ were readily predictable following the tracer dose of $^{131}I$. 8. It is concluded that the possibility of resistance to radioactive iodine treatment may be anticipated in patients with thyroid gland large in size and compromised $^{131}I$ uptake rate.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 1980

In an attempt to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the serum thyroid hormones in various thyroid function states, the author measured serum $T_3$ uptake, serum $T_3$, serum $T_4$, serum free $T_4$ and free $T_3$ index in 27 cases of normal subjects, 11 cases of hypothyroidism, 152 cases of euthyroidism and 81 cases of hyperthyroidism by the radioimmunoassay method. The results were as follows: 1. The ranges of serum thyroid hormones in normal subjects were, serum $T_3$ uptake; $27.4{\sim}42.1%$, serum $T_3;\;93{\sim}245ng/dl$, serum $T_4;\;4.08{\sim}12.9ug/dl$ and serum free $T_4;\;0.57{\sim}1.53ng/dl(M{\pm}2S.D.)$. 2. Free $T_4$ index and serum $T_4$ show relatively high diagnostic value in euthyroidism group, and serum $T_3\;and\;T_4$ in hypothyroidism group, while serum $T_3$, free $T_4\;and\;T_4$ show relatively high diagnostic value in hyperthyroidism group. 3. There were significant correlation between free $T_4$ index and serum $T_4$(r=0.68), and between free $T_4$ index and serum free $T_4$(r=0.67) in hyperthyroidism group.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.33-38
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• 1969

The serum thyroxine levels were measured by method of Tetrasorb Kit in 69 subjects including 13 subjects in euthyroid state, 31 with hyperthyroidism, 5 with hypothyroidism, 13 with nontoxic diffuse goiter, and 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter. Three parameters of the thyroid function test including thyroxine ($T_4$) levels, $^{131}I$ uptake (24 hrs) values and $PB^{131}I$ conversion ratio were correlated with clinical manifestations and courses of the disease. 1. The serum $T_4$ levels in the normal subjects were in range of $6.0{\mu}g/dl\;to\;14.4{\mu}g/dl$. (The mean $9.4{\mu}g/dl$). 2. The diagnostic compatibility of the serum $T_4$ was 93.5% in hyperthyroidism, 100% both in hypothyroidism and in nontoxic diffuse goiter, 86% in nontoxic nodular goiter, or 95.8% in the entire series. (Table 1). 3. The diagnostic compatibility of $^{131}I$ uptake (24 hrs) values and $PB^{131}I$ conversion ratio were less than the serum $T_4$ levels as summarized in Tables 2 & 3. The serum $T_4$ determination by Tetrasorb Kit is a simple, accurate and very useful test of the thyroid function.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 1990

T1-201 and I-131 scintigraphy were performed to visualize malignant lesions postoperatively in 26 patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Anyone of uptake index and retention index was higher in malignant lesions than that in benign lesions. T1-201 scintigraphy showed uptake ininflammatory tissues. T1-201 concentration was observed in fourteen patients and six of them had malignant lesions, while I-131 concentration was observed in six patients and all had malignant lesions. In sensitivity, combination of T1-201 and I-131 scintigraphy is higher than I-131 or T1-201 scintigraphy only. In postoperative patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer, it may be useful that T1-201 scintigraphy will be performed simultaneously with I-131 scintigraphy for detecting recurrence.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.485-487
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• 2008

Ectopic thyroid is not common disease and double ectopic thyroid is rare. Until January of 2008, dual ectopic thyroid has been reported only 23 cases in international literatures. Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate scan is playing an important role in the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid. In most of the cases, dual lingual thyroid tissues could be detected as two radiotracer uptake foci. We report a case of dual lingual thyroid mimicking mono-lingual thyroid in the anterior view of thyroid scan. Lateral view helped in this case to detect the dual lingual thyroid. With lateral view, the anatomical position and relationship could be examined in more detail.