• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.325-328
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• 2002

신경내분비 종양은 매우 드문 흉선 종양으로, Kultschizky 세포에서 유래하는 것으로 흉선종과는 다른 것으로 생각된다. 흥선 신경내분비 종양의 병리학적 진단은 광학 현미경 검사, 면역조직화학 염색 및 전자현미경의 소견을 바탕으로 한다. 흥선 유암종의 약 50%에서 내분비 질환을 가지며, 재발과 흉곽외 전이가 특징적이다. 초발 종양이나 재발의 경우에 외과적 절제가 가장 효과적이라고 생각되나, 항암치료나 방사선 치료의 역할은 분명하지 않다. 최근 외과적 절제가 시행된 흉선 신경내분비 종양을 경험하였기에 여기에 보고한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.571-583
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• 1983

Thymic tumor is the most common neoplasm originating in the anterior mediastinum. Histologically, thymic tumors and tumorlike conditions have been classified into thymic cyst, thymolipoma, true thymic hyperplasia, thymoma and carcinoid tumor of the thymus gland. We have experienced several tumors and a few tumorlike conditions of the thymus gland in 10 patients: thymoma 6, thymic hyperplasia 2, carcinoid tumor 1 and thymic cyst 1. The age distributions were ranging from 30 to 60 years except for one 3 year old child [malignant thymoma, lymphocytic type], and male to female ratio was 1:1.5. In 6 cases, thymic lesions were removed through lateral thoracic incision [right 2, left 4] because the mediastinal masses were growing far into the pleural space, meanwhile, medially located lesions [4 cases] through median sternotomy incision. Among these 10 patients, 3 were malignant thymomas, in which 2 were died of recurrence after tumor resection. Myasthenia gravis was all noted in 3 females [thymoma 2, thymic follicular hyperplasia 1], in which only two revealed remission in symptoms following thymectomy. The authors would like to recommend early radical thymectomy through median sternotomy incision whenever patients demonstrate suspicious thymic tumor lesions on the chest roentgenogram or generalized myasthenic symptoms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.736-743
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• 1986

Thymus gland is a kind of endocrine organ which secretes thymosin and thymoprotein. There can be developed variable lesions like thymoma, thymic hyperplasia, thymic cyst, thymolipoma, and carcinoid tumor of the thymus gland. We have experienced 25 patients of thymic disease: thymoma 12, thymic hyperplasia 11, thymic cyst 1, carcinoid tumor 1. The age distribution were ranged from 3 to 66 years and the sex ratio was 1:1.8 [male to female]. Thymectomy was performed in all cases, but 3 cases with deep infiltration to the adjacent structures were not resectable completely. Malignancy [all thymoma] were 5 and the rest were benign. Two cases were died of recurrence after tumor resection. Myasthenia gravis occurred in 10 cases. Among them, 2 were thymoma and 8 were thymic hyperplasia. We could obtained the result that thymectomized cases reached 2 remission and 5 improvement. Myasthenia gravis treated medically [18 cases] had no remission and only 2 clinical improvement. In the light of these results, early radical thymectomy would be most favorable treatment in not only thymic tumor, but generalized myasthenia gravis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.319-323
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• 1998

흉선의 유암종은 매우 드문 종격동 종양으로, 1972년에 Rosai와 Higa에 의해 기술되었다. 흉선의 유암종은 Kultschizky 세포에서 생기는 종양으로 생각되어지며, 흉선종과 다른 종양으로 간주되어 왔다. 흉선의 유암종의 병리학적인 진단으로 병리학적, 면역조직화학적, 전자현미경적 소견을 이용한다. 유암종의 50% 정도에서는 내분비 질환을 가진다. 재발과 흉곽외 전이가 특징적이다. 발견당시나 재발의 경우에 외과적인 절제가 가장 효과적이라고 생각된다. 그러나 방사선 치료나 항암치료의 역할은 분명하지 않다. 저자들은 수술 및 병리학적으로 증명된 57세 남자의 흉선 유암종 1예를 경험하였기에 간단한 문헌 고찰과 함게 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2003

Ectopic cervical thymic tumor, first described in 1941 by Boman, is a rare tumor of the neck displaying the same histologic features as mediastinal thymoma. It was classified into benign thymoma, invasive (or malignant) thymoma, thymic carcinoma histopathologically and clinically. The ectopic cervical thymic tumor is misdianosed as the thyroidal mass on radiologic examination and FNA cytology due to its rarity and unusual location. Recently, we have experienced two cases of ectopic cervical thymic tumor misdiagnosed as thyroid mass ; a case of thymic carcinoma;the other of invasive thymoma. So, we report these cases with review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1236-1239
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• 1992

Carcinoid tumors arising in the thymus are rare. Since Rosai and Higa in 1972 distinguished these neoplasms from thymomas, fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the world literature. The pathologic diagnosis of thymic carcinoids is been on findings from light microscopy, histochemical studies, and electron microscopy. About 50% of thymic carcinoids are seen with endocrinopathies. Recurrence and extrathoracic metastasis are characteristic of thymic carcinoids. Surgical extirpation of the tumor initially and of the subseguent recurrences in the most effective treatment today The role of adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy is still uncertain. Herein we report a case of thymic carcinoid tumor in a 36-year old male with brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.634-637
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• 2002

흉선 유암종 또는 흉선의 신경내분비 종양은 매우 드문 질환이며 재발이나 전이가 많아 예후가 좋지 못하다. 43세 남자 환자로 우측 흉부의 통증과 불편감으로 내원하였다. 단순 흉부 촬영상 우측 전종격동에 $7{\times}8$cm 크기의 종양을 발견하였으며 추가검사 후 수술적 절제를 시행하였다. 절제된 종괴는 조직학적, 면역조직화학적, 전자현미경적 소견상 흉선 낭종을 동반한 흉선의 비정형 유암종으로 진단 되었다. 수술 후 재발이나 전이 소견 없이 3개월째 외래 관찰중이다. 저자들은 흉선 낭종을 동반한 비정형 흉선유암종 1례를 치험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.887-890
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• 2001

흉선에 발생하는 신경내분비 종양은 매우 드문 질환으로 재발이나 전이가 많아 예후가 좋지 못하다. 절반에서 내분비 증상을 보이며, 이 중 33%에서 쿠싱 증후군을 동반한다. 치료로는 수술적 절제가 우선이며, 방사선 치료나 항암치료는 아직 논란의 여지가 많다. 저자들은 쿠싱 증후군을 동반한 흉선의 신경내분비 종양 2례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.497-501
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• 1994

We have experienced a case of primary thymic carcinoma. A 39 year old female patient admitted with incidentally detected mediastinal mass on chest film.The tumor showed invasion to surrounding tissues and the mediastinal lymphadenopathies were also noted. Invasion to contiguous mediastinal structures made complete surgical extirplation impossible and the biposy findings revealed primary thymic carcinoma. Primary thymic carcinoma is a rare neoplasm originating from the thymic epithelial cells. Clinical behavior of the thymic carcinoma is much different from it`s benign counterpart and several pathologic variants were reported.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.266-273
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• 2002

The dose dependence of the severity of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma in C57BL/6J mice was studied. Mice were exposed to fractionated irradiation at the total doses of 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 Gy (four irradiations at 8-day intervals) starting from 33 days after birth. Pathological and histological changes of each mouse were observed after periodical sacrifice at day 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300 after the first irradiation. The severity of cancers were classified into 4 stages by clinical signs with respect to the enlargement of the thymus, spleen, liver, the progression of the cancer in the thymus, and the metastasis to the spleen, liver, lung and the lymphatic nodes. Among the 490 mice observed, 146 mice had thymic lymphoma. A clear dose-effect relationship was observed as well as the dose-response relationship. Also, periodical observation showed that thymic lymphoma was first induced in mice sacrificed at day 100 (130days old), and metastasize in the order of spleen, lung, liver and then the lymphatic nodes. The results suggest that radiation may be involved not only as a tumor initiator but also as a tumor promoter, and a tumor progression-enhancing agent.