• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.349-352
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• 2001

The transient response in TDFA(Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) is theoretically investigated. The TDFA has the spectral gain band in 1.47 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The transient model includes the transient buildup of the population inversion, the pump power, the signal power and their transient variation along the fiber amplifier. The results of numerical analysis can predict the gain saturation and recovery time at the fiber amplifier. It also shows the gain saturation and recovery effect depending on the pumping and saturation rate.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.306-310
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• 2021

A 200-W continuous-wave thulium-doped all-fiber laser at 2050 nm was developed with a master oscillator power amplifier configuration. For the master oscillator, a single-mode thulium-doped fiber laser was built with fiber Bragg gratings. The operating power of the oscillator was 10.1 W at a pump power of 20.9 W, and the slope efficiency was measured to be 53.0%. All emitted wavelengths of the oscillator were located between 2049.2 nm and 2049.9 nm, and no other peaks in different wavelength ranges were observed. The maximum output power of the final amplified beam was 204.6 W at a pump power of 350.4 W. The slope efficiency of the amplifier was measured to be 58.4%.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2004

We demonstrate an S/S＋band discretely tunable thulium doped fiber laser (TTDFL), anchored on a 50-㎓ ITU-T grid. Investigating the inversion analysis of the thulium doped fiber (TDF) in applying a dual wavelength (1.4 m and 1.5 m) pumping scheme, a laser whose tuning range covers most of the S/S＋band has been obtained. Within the wide 3-㏈ bandwidth of 65.1 nm, the output power of the tunable laser exceeds 6.1 ㏈m with very flat spectral profile and the number of DWDM channels generated is as large as 178. If we increase the subsidiary pump power to 22 ㎽, the bandwidth is expanded up to 66.2 nm. By controlling the temperature of the fine grid filter, we have also shown that the frequency locking capability of the laser can be improved. The laser developed in this work is expected to be utilized as a practical optical source providing reference wavelengths in the S/S＋band.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.533-534
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• 2002

In this paper, we studied the transient gain response in TDFA(Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) theoretically. We also investigated the limitation of the gain saturation and recovery time when the short pulse trains are incident into the TDFA with the spectral gain band in 1.47${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for using at WDM. We can predict the interval between the pulse train, pump power and the effect of the saturation and recovery time which is affected to the amplification of the optical pulse.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.439-441
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 Thulium(Tm$^{3+}$ )이 첨가된 광섬유를 이용, Upconversion blue 레이저의 개발을 위해 fiber 길이 및 파워 변화에 따른 최적화된 설계 기준 값을 찾기 위한 시뮬레이션 코드를 개발하고 그 해석을 행하였다. 1140nm의 여기광원을 이용하여 여기하였을 때 광섬유 길이 40cm에서 약 100mW의 발진 문턱값을 갖으며 1W의 여기 광원에 대해 60mW의 출력 특성이 예상된다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.544-553
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• 2021

A 40-W 200-ns 300-kHz thulium-doped fiber laser at 2050 nm with a master oscillator power amplifier configuration was developed, for application to lithium-isotope separation. The master oscillator generated a 5.35 W continuous-wave beam, which the pulse generator then broke into 200-ns pulses at 300 kHz. Then, the laser beam was amplified by passing through a two-stage amplifier. The output power finally obtained was 42.0 W at 2050 nm, and was stable for a long time, over 2 hours. In spite of this achievement, mode instability was observed in the output beam. This can be solved in the future by using a method such as tight coiling.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2000

We present a numerical model which enables to analyze $1.47mu$m amplification band characteristics for thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifiers. We focused on upconversion pumping scheme, thus many transitions affecting $1.47mu$m band amplification was considered simultaneously. Backward propagating waves and transverse mode were also considered in the model. The parameters for modeling were then acquired using published experimental data and related theories such as Judd-Ofelt theory for radiative transition, empirical energy gap law for non-radiative transition, and McCumber relations for cross-sections. The simulation showed well-matched results with experiment and internal dynamics. amics.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.340-345
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• 2014

We experimentally demonstrate the use of a gold-deposited side-polished fiber as a $2-{\mu}m$-band polarizing device to produce mode-locked pulses from a thulium/holmium-codoped fiber ring cavity. The mode-locking effect was induced by nonlinear transmission caused by the gold-deposited side-polished fiber, due to nonlinear polarization rotation of the oscillated beam within the fiberized cavity. It is also shown that ~558-fs pulses with a peak power of ~6.7 kW could readily be produced at a wavelength of 1935 nm through subsequent thulium/holmium-codoped fiber amplification, due to the higher-order soliton compression effect.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.238-239
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• 2000

The optical fibers are an interesting medium for effective tunable optical frequency conversion in the spectral range of UV, Visible, and near-IR through the nonlinear processes. A number of papers for developing the wideband and flat-gain amplifier for the WDM system applications through the combination of EDFA or thulium-doped fluoride fiber amplifier and Raman amplifier, are reported$^{(1)}$ . Even though a variety of papers related to Raman amplifications are published, the amplification with the feedback of the residual pump is not investigated yet. Accordingly, in this paper, we report the characteristics of forward Raman amplification by the simple and double-pass fiber Raman configuration through the feedback of residual pump beam. (omitted)

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.78-92
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• 2002

고용량 파장다중분할(WDM) 전송 시스템의 수요가 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라 기존의 erbium-doped fiber amplifiers(EDFA)가 제공하는 이득 대역을 넘어서는 대역폭의 광증폭기의 개발이 촉진되고 있다. 에르븀 이외의 새로운 회토류 첨가물을 사용한 증폭기와 광섬유 내에서의 비선형 현상인 라만 산란에 의한 라만 증폭기에 집중적인 연구가 그 예라 하겠다. 최근 몇 년간의 집중적인 연구를 통하여 현재의 광대역 광 증폭기는 기존의 EDFA(C 벤드 EDFA)가 제공하는 광이득대역의 4∼5배 정도를 쉽게 제공할 수 있다. 이러한 목적을 가지고 통신시장에서 사용될 수 있는 1500nm 근처 대역의 증폭에 대한 세가지의 증폭 기술이 연구되고 있다. 우선, S+밴드(1450-1480nm)와 S밴드(1480-1530nm)의 증폭을 위한 thulium-doped fluoride fiber amplifiers(TDFFA), C 밴드(1530-1560nm)와 L 밴드(1570-1610nm)를 위한 EDFA, 그리고 마지막으로 100nm 이상의 이득대역과 S+에서 L밴드까지 증폭파장대역의 선택이 자유로운 라만 증폭기가 있다. 또한 위의 세 기술을 직렬 또는 병렬로 조합하여 사용하는 증폭기가 있다. 이러한 증폭기 모두에 대해서 실험적인 보고는 많이 있었으나, 내부의 에너지 준위가 복잡하여 증폭 기제가 복잡하고, 실험 파라미터를 측정하기가 어려워서 광대역증폭기의 성능을 예측하기 어려운 점이 있었다. 게다가 이러한 상황에서 광대역증폭기에 대한 해석적이거나 수치해석적인 심도깊은 연구가 부족하여 앞으로 증폭기를 다양하게 응용하기 위한 성능의 예측이 어려울 것으로 보인다. 이는 광대역 증폭기 기반의 전송 시스템을 성공적으로 적용하는데 제한을 줄 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 광대역 증폭기(C/L밴드 EDFA, 라만 증폭기, TDFA)에 대한 실험적인 분석뿐만 아니라 해석적, 수치해석적인 분석 방법까지 그 응용의 예와 함께 소개할 것이다.