• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 1993

An experimental study was carried out to evaluate the characteristics of transient performance of carburettered gasoline engine under rapid accelerating transient driving conditions. In order to evaluate the characteristics of transient performance quantitatively, the concept of dead time $t_d$ response delay time $t_r$ are introduced. Performance parameters such as air mass fiowrate Gat, engine speed N, manifold boost pressure Pb, and output torque T are measured simultaneously during the rapid opening of the throttle valve by the stepping motor. During the rapid opening of the throttle valve, air mass fiowrate Gat is increased immediately without delay time, but response of engine revolution N, and output torque T are delayed. Therefore hesitation, and stumble phenomena are occurred. Dead time $t_d$ and response delay time $t_r$ of engine revolution N, which is extremely delayed comparing to other performance parameters, are respectively 0.2-0.3sec., 3.0-4.6sec., and dead time rate $t_d/{\Delta}t$ and response delay time rate $t_r/{\Delta}t$ are linearly increased with the throttle valve opening rate ${\theta}$ during the acceleration from 12 degree to 20 degree at 1250rpm.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.92-101
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• 1996

In a gasoline engine, the characteristics of air flow is very important not only for the design of the intake system geometry bout also for the accurate measurement of the induction air mass. In this study, an air flow rate measurement of the induction air mass. In this study, an air flow rate measurement was conducted by using the hot wire flow meter at the upstream of the intake port and the throttle. At the upstream of the throttle, the overshoot phenomena of the air flow rate by fast throttle opening were analyzed with choked flow. At the upstream of the intake port, the cylinder variation of the air flow rate and the difference between fast throttle opening and closing were showed during the unsteady state by the throttle step change. The results of this study can be used for the design of the throttle valve geometry and cylinder by cylinder control.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

The flow and combustion patterns have been investigated inside the gasoline engine cylinder with the swirl or tumble flow, whereas the air flow characteristics, which are generated in the part of intake system before entering into the intake manifold, have not been known completely. It is necessary to analyze the flow field in the intake system consisting of air rater, throttle valve and intake manifold. The throttle valve, used to control the intake air flow rate, is important because it makes various mass flow rate and flow patterns. Three-dimen-sional How characteristics such as velocities, turbulent intensities and Reynolds shear stresses are measured by the hot wire anemometer at the exit of the throttle valve with the variation in the valve opening angle($15^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $75^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$) and the Reynolds numbers (45000, 70000 and 140000). There are a lot of changes in flow characteristics at $75^{\circ}$ due to the large recirculation flow comparing with those of the other cases, and the streamwise velocity is especially enforced strongly below the valve shaft. The other component velocities are relatively large near the centerline parallel to the valve shaft. The effects of the Reynolds number on the flow field are not severe.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1996

In a fuel injection engine, atomization of liquid fuel and mixture formation process has influenced(or affected) directly on the engine performance and pollutant emission. In this study, the characteristics of fuel spray and the behaviors of secondary atomization developed at the downstream of the valves were investigated using an image processing method. Solid and perforated valves are chosen in order to evaluate the valve performance in terns of air flow rate, valve opening angle and valve shape. Experimental results clearly indicate that the spray atomization quality can be improved by increasing the perforated rat io and the blockage rat io in the perforated valve, the characteristics of spray atomization is improved by using the perforated valve with high perforated rat io and blockage ratio.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2690-2698
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• 1995

Fuel atomization and mixture formation in an gasoline engine has influence on the engine performance and pollutant emission. The throttle valve installed in an intake system plays a greater role in control of mixture quantity in accordance with engine drive condition. In this study, the characteristics of secondary atomization developed at the downstream of the valves were observed using an image processing method. Two major kinds of valves, solid and perforated ones, are chosen in order to compare the valve performance with the experimental parameters of air flow rate, valve opening angle, and valve shapes. For the perforated valve, we can obtain the relatively small sized droplets, and nearly uniformed and dense distributed sprays with low loss coefficient than for the solid valve.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.110-118
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• 2008

It is essential for the valid design of a marine flow-control valve to exactly know its flow characteristics. The present study has numerically investigated the flow characteristics inside a marine throttle-type globe valve using a kind of commercial CFD code, CFX10.0, with an adoption of the SST (Shear-Stress Transport) turbulence model. To validate the numerical approach, the flow coefficients are compared with the experimental ones. Results show that the globe valve is effective in the control of flow rate according to the opening ratio in case of the forward-direction flow, whereas it is effective in the flow shutoff in case of the reverse-direction flow. Around the inlet of the valve, a recirculation region is formed due to the blunt body shape, the turbulence intensity becomes strengthened and then an abrupt pressure loss occurs.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.26-33
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• 2000

In-cylinde flow and mixture formation are key contributors to both idle stability and combustion stability at part load condition in SI engine. The real time measurements of air-fuel ration and in- cylinder residual gas fraction are particularly important to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms for combustion and emissions especially during cold start and throttle transient condition. This paper reports the cycle resolved measurements of residual gas fraction and equivalence ration near speak plug with value timing change and their effects on combustion characteristics at part load. The results showed that the effect of intake value opening on the residual gas fraction was smaller than that of exhaust valve closing because of the decreases of exhaust gas reverse flow from exhaust port. The variation of equivalence ratio near spark plug increased with the increase of value overlap and it closely related with heat release rate and combustion stability

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2008

A thermal-hydraulic integral effect test facility, ATLAS (Advanced Thermal-hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation), has been constructed at KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute). Recently several integral effect tests for the reflood period of a LBLOCA (Large Break LOss of Coolant Accident) of the APR1400 have been performed with the ATLAS. In the APR1400 a high flow condition is changed to a low flow condition due to an fluidic device during an operation of the SIT. As the self-controlled fluidic device was not installed in the ATLAS, a set of characterization tests was performed to simulate its injection capability from the SIT for the APR1400 simulation. In the ATLAS the required SIT flow rate in the high flow condition was acquired by installing orifices with an optimized flow area to throttle the SIT discharge line and the low flow condition was achieved by changing the opening of the flow control valve in the SIT injection line. The test results showed that the safety injection systems of the ATLAS could simulate the required high and low flow rates of the SIT for the APR1400 simulation efficiently.