• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1311-1315
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• 2012

Objectives: Thrombotic risk is increased in patients with cancer and there are important implications for those who suffer a venous thromboembolism (VTE). We undertook this study to determine the frequency, clinical patterns, and outcome of VTE in Saudi patients with cancer. Methods: Cancer (solid tumors and lymphoma) patients who developed VTE from January 2004 to January 2009 were studied retrospectively. Demographics and clinical characteristics related to thrombosis and cancer were evaluated. Results: A total of 701 patients with cancer were seen during the study period. VTE was diagnosed in 47 (6.7%) patients (median age 52, range 18-80 years). Lower limb DVT was the most common type, seen in 47% patients, followed by PE in 19%, and 19% patients had both DVT & PE. Thrombosis was symptomatic in 72% patients while it was an incidental finding on routine workup in 28%. Cancer and VTE were diagnosed at the same time in 38% of patients, and 47% patients developed VTE during the course of disease after the cancer diagnosis. The majority of VTE post cancer diagnoses occurred during the first year (median 4 months, range 1-14). Additional risk factors for VTE were present in 22 (47%) patients and 14 (30%) of these patients were receiving chemotherapy at the time of thrombosis. Only 5 (10.6%) patients were receiving thrombo-prophylaxis at the time of VTE diagnosis. Most common types of tumors associated with thrombosis were breast cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and lung cancer. The majority of the affected patients (79%) had advanced stage of cancer. After a median follow-up of 13 (range 0.5-60) months, 38 (81%) patients had died. There was no difference in the mortality of patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic thrombosis (82% vs 78.6%). Conclusions: Thrombotic complications can develop in a significant number of patients with cancer, and almost half of the patients have additional risk factors for VTE. Thrombosis is usually associated with advanced disease and can be asymptomatic in more than a quarter of cases. Thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients is under-utilized. Community based studies are needed to accurately define the extent of this problem and to develop effective prophylactic strategies.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.296-312
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• 1998

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to find out predictors influencing on the clinical course of stroke during the first 4 weeks after the onset through statistical research, especially whether the blood glucose level after stroke and the stroke with Diabetes Mellitus correlate with functional impairments and neurological outcome or not. METHOD During 7 months period(from 1-1-1997 to 7-31-1997), 32 selected patients prognosed as acute cerebral thrombosis were studied by using Modified Barthel Index, PULSES profile in an attempt to correlate Diabetes Mellitus and hyperglycemia(more than $120mg/d{\ell}$, $150mg/d{\ell}$) with functional impairment and neurological outcome and to evaluate the influence of sex, the side of hemiparesis and age at admission, 1 week and 4 weeks after admision(admitted within 2 days after the onset). RESULT 1. The sex, side of hemiparesis and age had no significant effect upon functional impairment during first 4 weeks after the onset, but recurrent-stroke resulted in significantly higher degree of functional impairment than first-stroke during first 4 weeks after the onset. 2. The patients with Diabetes Mellitusin in acute cerebral thrombosis resulted in significantly higher degree of functional impairment than the patients without Diabetes Mellitus in acute cerebral thrombosis during first 4 weeks after the onset. 3. The patients with hyperglycemia in acute cerebral thrombosis resulted in significantly more severe neurological outcome than the patients without hyperglycemia in acute cerebral thrombosis within 2 days after the onset. CONCLUSION The study suggested that recurrent-stroke and Diabetes Mellitus were the poorer prognosis factors of functional impairment in acute cerebral thrombosis patients during first 4 weeks after the onset. and the poorer prognosis factor of neurological outcome in acute cerebral thrombosis patients was hyperglycemia within 2 days after the onset.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2021

Arterial thrombosis and its associated diseases are considered to constitute a major healthcare problem. Arterial thrombosis, defined as blood clot formation in an artery that interrupts blood circulation, is associated with many cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress is one of many important factors that aggravates the pathophysiological process of arterial thrombosis. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (Ref-1) has a multifunctional role in cells that includes the regulation of oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of adenovirus-mediated Ref-1 overexpression on arterial thrombosis induced by 60% FeCl3 solution in rats. Blood flow was measured to detect the time to occlusion, thrombus formation was detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the expression of tissue factor and other proteins was detected by Western blot. FeCl3 aggravated thrombus formation in carotid arteries and reduced the time to artery occlusion. Ref-1 significantly delayed arterial obstruction via the inhibition of thrombus formation, especially by downregulating tissue factor expression through the Akt-GSK3β-NF-κB signaling pathway. Ref1 also reduced the expression of vascular inflammation markers ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and reduced the level of ROS that contributed to thrombus formation. The results showed that adenovirus-mediated Ref-1 overexpression reduced thrombus formation in the rat carotid artery. In summary, Ref-1 overexpression had anti-thrombotic effects in a carotid artery thrombosis model and could be a target for the treatment of arterial thrombosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5421-5426
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• 2012

A monosomal karyotype (MK), defined as ${\geq}2$ autosomal monosomies or a single monosomy in the presence of additional structural abnormalities, was recently identified as an independent prognostic factor conveying an extremely poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the present study, after excluding patients with t(15;17), t(8;21), inv(16) and normal karyotypes, 324 AML patients with cytogenetic abnormalities were the main subject of analysis. The incidences of MK were 13% in patients aged 15 to 60 years and 18% in those between 15 and 88 years old. MK was much more prevalent among elderly patients (p < 0.001) and was significantly associated with the presence of -7, -5, del(5q), abn12p, abn17p, -18 or 18q-, -20 or 20q- and CK (for all p < 0.001 except for abn12p p=0.009), and +8 or +8q was less frequent in MK+ AML(p=0.007). No correlation was noted between monosomal karyotype and FAB subtype (p > 0.05); MK remained significantly associated with worse overall survival among patients with complex karyotype (p=0.032); A single autosomal monosomy contributed an additional negative effect in OS of patients with structural cytogenetic abnormalities (P=0.008). This report presents the prevalence, feature and prognostic impact of MK among a large series of Chinese AML patients from a single center for the first time.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2018

Purpose: To report on a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage and deep vein thrombosis treated with a combination of Korean and Western medicine. Methods: A patient diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage and deep vein thrombosis was treated with herbal medicine (加減淸熱瀉濕湯 (Gagam-cheongyeolsaseub-tang)), acupuncture (GV2, GB20, LI11, LI4, TE5, GB34, ST36, SP9, ST38, GB39, SP6, LR3), moxibustion (CV6, CV9), and Western medicine for deep vein thrombosis and subarachnoid hemorrhage. To evaluate edema, one of the classic symptoms of deep vein thrombosis, we measured leg circumference at a specified time. Results: After taking Gagam-cheongyeolsaseub-tang and being treated with acupuncture, moxibustion, and Western medicine, the patient showed improvement in leg edema. The left calf circumference decreased from 37.5 cm to 34.5 cm. Conclusions: Korean medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, and Western medicine may provide effective treatment for deep vein thrombosis in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, but further study is needed.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-54
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• 1993

To see both $Sh{\grave{u}}nq{\grave{i}}daot{\acute{a}}nt{\bar{a}}ng$(dissipate phlegm and promote vital energy circulation) and $Hu{\grave{a}}y{\bar{u}}t{\bar{a}}ng$(blood circulation and disperse blood stasis) influencing on thrombosis, contusion-hyperemia, and hyperlipidemia, at first we measured the density of FDP, the quantity of fibrinogen, prothrombin time, and the number of platelet of rat taken thrombosis by endotoxin. Secondly we measured the increase-rate of "paw swelling", the number of platelet, the quantity of fibrinogen, and prothrombin time of rat taken contusion-hyperemia. And then we measured the quantity of total cholesterol in serum and of H.D.L-cholesterol and of triglyceride and of phospholipid and of ${\beta}-lipoprotein$, its weight, and the variation of the quantity of electrolyte of rat taken hyperlipidemia by the oral-injection of choleserol. As a result, we can conclude as follows : 1. Out of the test of thrombosis, we can recognize not only the noticeable increae of the number of platelet and the quantity of fibrinogen, but also the noticeable decrease of prothrombin time and the density of FDP in case of $Sh{\grave{u}}nq{\grave{i}}daot{\acute{a}}nt{\bar{a}}ng$-injected rat and $Hu{\grave{a}}y{\bar{u}}t{\bar{a}}ng$-injected rat. 2. Out of the test of contusion-hyperemia, we can recognize not only the noticeable increase of the number of platelet and the quantity of fibrinogen, but also the noticeable decrease of prothrombin time and "increase-rate of paw swelling" in case of $Sh{\grave{u}}nq{\grave{i}}daot{\acute{a}}nt{\bar{a}}ng$-injected rat and $Hu{\grave{a}}y{\bar{u}}t{\bar{a}}ng$-injected rat. 3. Out of the test of hyperlipidemia, at first we can recognize that test rat's weight increased as close as that of normal rat. And we can recognize the noticeable decrease of the triglyceride and phospholipid and ${\beta}-lipoprotein$." Also, in case of the variation of electrolyte we can recognize the decrease of calcium and potassium in $Sh{\grave{u}}nq{\grave{i}}daot{\acute{a}}nt{\bar{a}}ng$-injected rat, and of sodium and magnesium in $Hu{\grave{a}}y{\bar{u}}t{\bar{a}}ng$-injected rat. Thus, as the above-mentioned, in covering thrombosis, contusion-hypermia, and hyperlipidemia, the effect of $Sh{\grave{u}}nq{\grave{i}}daot{\acute{a}}nt{\bar{a}}ng$ and $Hu{\grave{a}}y{\bar{u}}t{\bar{a}}ng$ can be recognized. Granting that $Hu{\grave{a}}y{\bar{u}}t{\bar{a}}ng$ reveals its effectiveness in thrombosis and contusion-hyperemia, and $Sh{\grave{u}}nq{\grave{i}}daot{\acute{a}}nt{\bar{a}}ng$ in hyperlipidemia, it can be inferred that contusion-hyperemia is like "model of blood stasis form" as thrombosis and hyperlipidemia "phlegm-retention diseases form", and both phlegm-retention and blood stasis have correlation each other.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.509-513
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• 2004

혈전 관련 질환 예방 및 혈류개선 기능성 식품의 개발을 목표로, 식용 및 약용 산채류 55종의 메탄을 추출물을 조제한 후 트롬빈 저해활성을 검색하였다. 그 결과, 대조군으로 사용된 아스피린보다 우수한 항혈전 활성을 나타내는 붉나무, 사삼, 우산나물, 쥐다래, 참나물, 할미밀망, 큰까치수영, 첫버들 추출물 등 8종을 선별하였으며, aPTT, 혈전 용해활성, 열 안정성, 기타 소화효소 저해활성 등을 평가하며 참나물, 큰까치수영 및 갯버들 추출물을 최종 선별하였다. 참나물의 경우 열안정성이 낮은 반면 소화효소 비저해로 인해 그 이용성이 높으며, 큰 까치수영 및 갯버들의 경우 부분적인 소화효소 저해능이 있으나 우수한 항혈전활성 및 열 안정성을 나타내어 다양한 식품소재로 개발이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.354-356
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• 2010

Partial thrombosis of giant aneurysms is not uncommon however, complete angiographic occlusion occurs less frequently. In the case of non-giant aneurysms, complete thrombosis and recanalization has been rarely reported. A 31-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sudden bursting headache. Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage on the left side. Both CT angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography showed suspicion of small left anterior choroidal artery aneurysm. We performed surgical exploration. In the operation field, anterior choroidal artery aneurysm of $2{\times}2\;mm$ with broad neck and friable appearance was observed. Because we could not clip without sacrificing the anterior choroidal artery, we performed wrapping only. Follow up CTA after 7 months demonstrated 4 mm right internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm. The patient underwent aneurismal neck clipping. During the operation, $9{\times}13\;mm$ sized thrombosed aneurysm was detected and completely clipped. We initially thought this aneurysm to be a de novo aneurysm however, it was an aneurysm that had recanalized from a completely thrombosed aneurysm. This case report provides an insight into the potential for complete thrombosis and recanalization of non-giant aneurysms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.207-209
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• 2016

A 4-month-old boy diagnosed with acute myocarditis was treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Follow-up echocardiography eight hours after ECMO revealed intracardiac thrombosis involving all four heart chambers. Because of the high risk of systemic embolization due to a pedunculated thrombus of the aortic valve, we performed an emergency thrombectomy. After the operation, the patient had a minor neurologic sequela of left upper arm hypertonia, which had almost disappeared at the last outpatient clinic two months later. He was diagnosed with a major mutation in MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase), which is related to thrombosis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2014

Cavernous sinus thrombosis not only presents with constitutional symptoms including fever, pain and swelling but also with specific findings such as proptosis, chemosis, periorbital swelling, and cranial nerve palsies. It is known to occur secondary to the spread of paranasal sinus infections in the nose, ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses. However, paranasal sinus infection of dental origin is rare. The following is a case of cavernous sinus thrombosis due to the spread of an abscess in the buccal and pterygomandibular spaces via buccal mucosal laceration.