• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

The ultrastructure of germ cells during spermatogenesis and the structural changes in the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle with testicular development in male Neptunea (Barbitonia) arthritica cumingii were investigated monthly based on electron microscopic and histologic observations. N. arthritica cumingii (Gastropod: Buccinidae) undergoes internal fertilization and possesses a modified type of spermatozoon, which is approximately 20$\mu$m long. The axoneme of the tail flagellum consists of nine peripheral pairs of microtubules and one central pair. Many spermatozoa occur in the acini of the testis in the ripe stage and are transported to the seminal vesicles in the accumulating phase. In males, the monthly gonadosomatic index began to increase in September and reached a maximum in February. Subsequently, it decreased rapidly after April. The testis of this species can be classified into four developmental stages: the active (August to September), ripe (October to July), copulation (April to July), and recovery (July to August) stages. Structural changes in the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicles of this species could be classified into three phases: (1) S-I (resting), (2) S-II (accumulating), and (3) S-III (spent) phases. The morphology and structure of the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle differed in each phase; the cells were cuboidal, squamous, or columnar in the resting, accumulating, or spent phases, respectively.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1989

The effect of novobiocin (NOV), and inhibitor of topoisomerase II, on ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-or bleomycin (BLM)-induced DNA repair synthesis was examined during the cell cycle of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells. Three assays were employed in this study: cell survival, alkaline elution and unscheduled DNA synthesis. EMS was effective at killing CHO cells in G1 phase, wheras BLM preferentially killed cells in G2 and S phases. EMS induced the much more amount of DNA damage in G1 phase, while BLM induced in G2 phase than the other phases. The both of pre- and post-treatment with BOV inhibitied EMS- or BLM-induced DNA repair synthesis in G1 and G2 phases, and pretreatment with NOV inhibited more effectively than the post-treated group. These results suggested that CHO cells exhibited a differential sensitivity to cell lethality and DNA damage in relation to cell cycle according to used chemical agents, and that DNA topoisomerase II participated in an initial stage of DNA repair.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2003

The kinetics of thermal inactivation of copper-containing amine oxidase from lentil seedlings were studied in a 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7, using putrescine as the substrate. The temperature range was between $47-60^{\circ}C$. The thermal inactivation curves were not linear at 52 and $57^{\circ}C$; three linear phases were shown. The first phase gave some information about the number of dimeric forms of the enzyme that were induced by the higher temperatures using the "conformational lock" pertaining theory to oligomeric enzyme. The "conformational lock" caused two additional dimeric forms of the enzyme when the temperature increased to $57^{\circ}C$. The second and third phases were interpreted according to a dissociative thermal inactivation model. These phases showed that lentil amine oxidase was reversibly-dissociated before the irreversible thermal inactivation. Although lentil amine oxidase is not a thermostable enzyme, its dimeric structure can form "conformational lock," conferring a structural tolerance to the enzyme against heat stress.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.3611-3634
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• 2015

In this paper, we build a theoretical framework for quantitatively measuring and graphically representing the degrees of closeness centralization among performers assigned to enact a workflow procedure. The degree of closeness centralization of a workflow-performer reflects how near the performer is to the other performers in enacting a corresponding workflow model designed for workflow-supported organizational operations. The proposed framework comprises three procedural phases and four functional transformations, such as discovery, analysis, and quantitation phases, which carry out ICN-to-WsoN, WsoN-to-SocioMatrix, SocioMatrix-to-DistanceMatrix, and DistanceMatrix-to-CCV transformations. We develop a series of algorithmic formalisms for the procedural phases and their transformative functionalities, and verify the proposed framework through an operational example. Finally, we expatiate on the functional expansion of the closeness centralization formulas so as for the theoretical framework to handle a group of workflow procedures (or a workflow package) with organization-wide workflow-performers.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to determine the functions of actions of the limbs during each of the three support phases of the triple jump and their relationships with the performance of the triple jump. Four elite male triple jumpers were participated as subjects. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient were used to determine and compare the relationships between the change in each component of the normalized angular momentum of the whole body about center of gravity and the actions of the extremities during different support phases. A level of significance at $\alpha$=.05 was set. After analyzing the angular momentum and correlation during support phase of the hop, step, and jump, the following findings are obtained: The actions of the arms created a side-somersaulting angular momentum about the whole body center of gravity toward the side of the free leg during the support phase of the step, and a somersaulting angular momentum about the whole body center of gravity during each support phase. The action of the free leg created a somersaulting angular momentum about the whole body center of gravity during the support phases of the hop and step.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2010

In order to further reduce the cost without reducing the corrosion resistance, a high-manganese austenitic alloy for sink roll or stabilizer roll in continuous hot-dip coating lines was developed. A systematic study of corrosion behavior of the high-manganese austenitic alloy in pure zinc bath at $490^{\circ}C$ was carried out. The results shows that, the high-manganese austenitic alloy shows better corrosion resistance than 316L steel. The corrosion rate of the high-manganese austenitic alloy in pure zinc bath is calculated to be approximately $6.42{\times}10^{-4}g{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}h^{-1}$, while the 316L is $1.54{\times}10^{-3}g{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}h^{-1}$. The high-manganese austenitic alloy forms a three-phase intermetallic compound layer morphology containing ${\Gamma$}, ${\delta}$ and ${\zeta}$ phases, while the 316L is almost ${\zeta}$ phase. The ${\Gamma}$ and ${\delta}$ phases of the high-manganese austenitic alloy contain about 8.5 wt% Cr, the existence of Cr improve the stabilization of phases, which slow down the reaction of Fe and Zn, improve the corrosion resistance of the high-manganese austenitic alloy. So substitute the nickel with the manganese to manufacture the high-manganese austenitic alloy of low cost is feasible.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2014

The on-line partial discharge (PD) in stator windings of air-cooled gas turbine (GT) generator (119.2MVA, 13.8kV) is measured and analyzed in this paper. This generator was designed by global vacuum pressure impregnation (VPI). The generator failed two times at top bar (16T) of phase B in the stator slot. Six epoxy-mica capacitors were installed in three phases of GT generator. On-line PD test was performed on GT generator using turbine generator analyzer (TGA). TGA showed that the normalized quantity number (NQN) and the PD magnitude($Q_m$) were high in phase B. Internal discharges were generated in phases A, B and C. The trend analysis of NQN and $Q_m$ value are obtained in order to monitor the insulation condition in GT generator stator windings. Phases A and C were in good condition. But phase B had deteriorated significantly

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.205-219
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• 2021

Purpose: This concept analysis was conducted to clarify 'parents' treatment adherence for an epileptic child or adolescent'. Methods: The analysis used a hybrid model comprising three phases: theoretical phase, fieldwork phase, and integration phase. In the theoretical phase, fifty studies were reviewed. Interviews with four parents of epileptic children or adolescents were conducted during the fieldwork phase. In the integration phase, the results derived from prior phases were synthesized and clarified. All phases were performed cyclically. Results: The concept, 'parents' treatment adherence for an epileptic child or adolescent' was defined as parents' voluntary and goal-directed behavior towards the epilepsy treatment for their children: a collaborative decision-making process with health-care providers, establishing a support system, adaptability to the treatment plans, and appraisals of the child's health condition. Conclusion: This achievement is thought to contribute to improving the accuracy and validity of the concept measurement. It has implications for additional research on how the concept 'treatment adherence' differs in diverse health problems and other population groups than parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.807-816
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• 2012

The Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) accident has been studied extensively, as part of both post-accident technical assessment and follow-up computer code calculations. The models used in computer codes for severe accidents have improved significantly over the years due to better understanding. It was decided to reanalyze the severe accident scenario using current state of the art codes and methodologies. This reanalysis was adopted as a part of the joint standard problem exercise for the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) - United States Regulatory Commission (USNRC) bilateral safety meet. The accident scenario was divided into four phases for analysis viz., Phase 1 covers from the accident initiation to the shutdown of the last Reactor Coolant Pumps (RCPs) (0 to 100 min), Phase 2 covers initial fuel heat up and core degradation (100 to 174 min), Phase 3 is the period of recovery of the core water level by operating the reactor coolant pump, and the core reheat that followed (174 to 200 min) and Phase 4 covers refilling of the core by high pressure injection (200 to 300 min). The base case analysis was carried out for all four phases. The majority of the predicted parameters are in good agreement with the observed data. However, some parameters have significant deviations compared to the observed data. These discrepancies have arisen from uncertainties in boundary conditions, such as makeup flow, flow during the RCP 2B transient (Phase 3), models used in the code, the adopted nodalisation schemes, etc. In view of this, uncertainty and sensitivity analyses are carried out using simulation based techniques. The paper deals with uncertainty and sensitivity analyses carried out for the first three phases of the accident scenario.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.205-210
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• 2010

Dynamic modeling was used to predict the Pseudomonas spp. concentration in Alaska pollack under dynamic temperature conditions in a programmable incubator using Euler's method. The model evaluation showed good agreement between the predicted and measured concentrations of Pseudomonas spp. In the simulation, three kinds of distribution path were assumed: consumers buying from a distribution center (A), manufacturer (B), or direct market (C). Each of these distribution paths consists of six phases: shipping, warehousing/shipment, warehousing/storing, processing, market exhibition, and sale/consumption. Sensitivity analysis of each phase was also implemented. The Pseudomonas concentrations and sensitivities ($S_k$) at the terminal phases of the three paths were estimated to be (A) 11.174 log CFU/g and 10.550 log $S_k$, (B) 10.948 log CFU/g and 10.738 log $S_k$, and (C) 8.758 log CFU/g and 9.602 log $S_k$, respectively. The sensitivities indicated that path A has the highest risk of failure in managing the relevant phases.