• 품질경영학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2004

It is difficult but very necessary to measure the productivity of container terminals as logistics service provider. It is meaningful to find the appropriate inputs and outputs of the logistics service delivery systems and to measure the relationship between these inputs and outputs. This study proposes a model of evaluating the efficiency of container terminals. The evaluation consists of three phases. First, DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) phase, determines the efficiency score and weights of DMUs(Decision Making Unit). This phase performs through four steps : selection of DMU, selection of DEA model, determination of input and output factors, calculation of efficiency score and weights for each DMU. Secondly, CEM (Cross Evaluation Model) phase, is to calculate the cross-efficiency scores of DMUs. This phase performs through three steps: selection of CEM, determination of cross-efficiency score for each DMU and development of cross-efficiency matrix. Finally, average cross-efficiency analysis phase is to compute the average cross-efficiency score. The proposed model discriminates among DMUs and ranks DMUs, whether they are efficient or inefficient.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.121-144
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• 2003

본고는 학교도서관에서 사서교사가 실시하는 협동수업의 효과적인 수행을 위한 연구에 초점이 있다. 협동수업은 학교도서관을 활용하여 일반 교과 (국어, 영어. 사회, 과학, 국사 등)의 수업을 교과 교사와 사서교사가 협동으로 실시하는 수업이다. 본고는 학교 교육의 중심축인 교육 과정과 교과 수업을 위한 기반 이론인 교수설계 이론 등을 바탕으로 한 협동수업의 모형 개발과 실천 방법을 이론-모형-지원에 의한 3단계로 제시한다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Workshop on Advanced Image Technology
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• pp.29-33
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose a hierarchical segmentation method for tracking a semantic video object using a watershed algorithm based on morphological filtering. In the proposed method, each hierarchy consists of three steps: First, markers are extracted on the simplified current frame. Second, region growing by a modified watershed algorithm is performed for segmentation. Finally, the segmented regions are classified into 3 categories, i.e., inside, outside, and uncertain regions according to region probability values, which are acquired by the probability map calculated from a estimated motion field. Then, for the remaining uncertain regions, the above three steps are repeated at lower hierarchies with less simplified frames until every region is decided to a certain region. The proposed algorithm provides prospective results in video sequences such as Miss America, Clair, and Akiyo.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2017

This paper presents a development of vision aligner with three channels for the wafer and plate bonding machine in manufacturing of LED. The developed vision aligner consists of three cameras and performs wafer alignment of rotation and translation, flipped wafer detection, and UV Tape detection on the target wafer and plate. Normally the process step of wafer bonding is not defined by standards in semiconductor's manufacturing which steps are used depends on the wafer types so, a lot of processing steps has many unexpected problems by the workers and environment of manufacturing such as the above mentioned. For the mass production, the machine operation related to production time and worker's safety so the operation process should be operated at one time with considering of unexpected problem. The developed system solved the 4 kinds of unexpected problems and it will apply on the massproduction environment.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.365-379
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• 2001

The contents of summarizing this study are as follows. 1. The elements of ethical decision making depend upon the individual characteristics. 2. The elements of ethical decision making depend upon the two aspects of the individual characteristics. 3. The ethical decision making processes of business managements consist of the three steps of utilitarianism, individual righteousness, fair distributions. 4. The ethical decision making processes of multinational corporations consist of the three steps of utilitarianism, individual righteousness, and fair distributions. The utilization methods of this study are as follows. 1. They can be reflected in the formulations of business ethics codes. 2. They can be utilized in the executions of business ethics educations. 3. They can be utilized as means to heighten the ethics standards of business interests groups.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2015

Purpose: This paper was written to introduce methods of using the research ethics committee (RES) from requesting the initial review to reporting the close-out for nursing researchers. Methods: General ethical principles were described by reviewing the 'Bioethics and Safety Act' and other related guidelines, and constructing some questions and answers. Results: The results were composed of three parts; definition of RES, steps in using RES, and archiving. The 7 steps for using RES were; identifying whether the study needed to be reviewed, by the RES identifying whether the study could be exempted, requesting the initial review after preparing documents, requesting the re-review, requesting an amendment review, requesting a continuing review and reporting the close-out. Conclusion: Nursing researchers need to receive RES approval before starting nursing research involving human subjects. Nursing researchers are urged to use the steps reported in this paper to receive RES approval easily and quickly.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2014

Electron tomography (ET) is a useful tool to investigate three-dimensional details based on virtual slices of relative thick specimen, and it requires complicated procedures consisted of image acquisition steps and image processing steps with computer program. Although the complicated step, this technique allows us to overcome some limitations of conventional transmission electron microscopy: (1) overlapping of information in the ultrathin section covering from 30 nm to 90 nm when we observe very small structures, (2) fragmentation of the information when we study larger structures over 100 nm. There are remarkable biological findings with ET, especially in the field of neuroscience, although it is not popular yet. Understanding of behavior of synaptic vesicle, active zone, pooling and fusion in the presynaptic terminal have been enhanced thanks to ET. Some sophisticated models of postsynaptic density with ET and immune labeling are introduced recently. In this review, we introduce principles, practical steps of ET and some recent researches in synapse biology.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 기울기 기반 빠른 정상점 탐색 방법론을 제시하고 시뮬레이션 결과를 제시한다. 제안하는 방법론은 유한 구간에서 단봉 그래프를 가지는 함수의 정상점(최대치)을 최대한 적은 수의 함수값을 참조하여 찾는 문제에 대한 솔루션으로, 대표적인 적용분야로는 자동초점이 있다. 우리는 정상점 탐색을 위해 주기적 탐색, 기울기 기반 탐색, 상세 탐색과 같이 세가지 탐색 전략을 통해 정상점을 찾는다. 노이즈가 첨가된 가우시안 함수를 발생시켜 시뮬레이션 한 결과 대략 8번탐색 횟수와 1.04의 오차를 보임을 알 수 있었다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2010

Acoustic emission (AE) technique is a well-known non-destructive test technique. Fatigue crack growth test was performed using SM53C to check up the AE signal occurred by crack growth, so AE system was used to detect the crack signal. Features calculated by the AE signals were analyzed to evaluate the steps divided the crack growth into three. The steps, initiation, growth and breaking, were separated by velocity of the crack growth. Time waveform and power spectrum were created by the AE signal of each one of the steps and compared. In the feature domains, it was found that AE values changed rapidly as the velocity of the crack increasing.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.153-156
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• 2011

A concise synthesis of (${\pm}$)-rhinacanthin A is achieved in two steps by epoxidation of dehydro-$\alpha$-lapachone, followed by chemo- and regioselective reduction. Dehydro-$\alpha$-lapachone was also synthesized in two steps starting from 4-methoxy-1-naphthol by ethylenediamine diaetate (EDDA)-catalyzed benzopyran formation and a CAN-mediated oxidation reaction. $\beta$-Lapachone was synthesized in three steps from 4-methoxy-1-naphthol by benzopyran formation, catalytic hydrogenation, and Jones oxidation. As additional reactions, synthesis of pyranonaphthoquinone derivatives with the pyranokunthone B skeleton has been achieved in a single step from readily available 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone.