• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2001

There are three designs of thread form in screw type implants: V-thread, Reverse buttress thread and Square thread. The purpose of this study was to find out how thread form designs have an influence on the equivalent stress, equivalent strain, maximum shear stress and maximum shear strain and which design of thread form generates more maximum equivalent stress and strain. 3-D finite element analysis was used to evaluate the stress and strain patterns of three tread types. The results of this study were as follow. 1. Under the 200N of axial load, the value of maximum equivalent stress is smallest in square thread and there is no significant difference between that of V thread and reverse buttress thread. 2. Under the 200N of axial load, the value of maximum equivalent strain is largest in V thread and smallest in square thread. 3. Under the 200N of axial load, the value of maximum shear stress is smallest in square thread and there is no significant difference between that of V thread and reverse buttress thread. 4. Under the 200N of axial load, the value of maximum equivalent strain is largest in V thread and there is no significant difference between that of square thread and reverse buttress thread. 5. Above results show that the square thread has special advantages in stress and strain compared with other thread types, especially in shear stess which is most determinant to implant-bone interface. Considering the superior biomechanical properties of square form implant, we presume that square form implant has better clinical results than the other types of implants in the same clinical conditions.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the v-shape thread with the square shape thread of fixture in the view of stress distribution pattern using finite element stress analysis. The finite element model was designed with the parallel placement of two standard fixtures(4.0 mm diameter ${\times}$ 11.5 mm length) on the region of mandibular 1st and 2nd molars. Three dimensional finite element model was created with the components of the implant and surrounding bone. This study simulated loads of 200 N at the central fossa in a axial direction (load A), 200 N at the buccal offset load that is 2 mm apart from central fossa in a axial direction (load B), 200 N at the buccal offset load that was 4 mm apart from central fossa in a axial direction (load C). These forces of load A',B',C' were applied to a $15^{\circ}$ inward oblique direction at that same site with 200 N. Von Mises stress values were recorded and compared in the supporting bone, fixture, and abutment screw. The following results have been made based on this study : 1. The highest stress concentration occurred at the cervical region of the implant fixture. 2. Von Mises stress value of off-site region was higher than that of central fossa region. 3. Square shape thread type showed more even stress distribution in the vertical and oblique force than V-shape thread type. 4. Stress distribution was the most effective in the case of buccal offset load (2, 4 mm distance from central fossa) in the square shape thread type. 5. V-shape thread type revealed higher von Mises stress value than square shape thread type in all environmental condition. The results from numerical analyses concluded that square shape thread type had the lower destructive stress and more stress distribution between the fixture and bone interface than V-shape thread type. Therefore, square shape thread type was regarded as optimal thread configuration in biomechanical concepts.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2007

Behaviour of a thread joint of a rocket motor case show complex structural characteristics. Pre-torque must be applied to the threads to prevent the loosening of the interface from the additional pressure load. During the pressurization of the rocket motor case, the jointing face may be opened if the pre-torque were not set properly or the structure may be failed if the local concentrated stress exceeds the strength of the material. In this paper, the structural behaviour of a thread joint of a rocket motor case were analyzed by the finite element method and the results were compared to the experimental ones. A method to set a pre-torque for a thread joint were proposed to ensure the structural safety.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2000

The thread load distribution as applied to large stud bolts for steam turbines is investigated using the finite element method. The stress concentration in tapered threads is studied with varying prestress and taper angle. Based upon the thread load distribution, the optimal taper angles to reduce the stress concentration are determined for various prestresses. The presented finite element model is validated by comparing results of the calculated thread load with analytic ones. The optimal taper angles obtained from this research can be used in designing tapered threads of large stud bolts for steam turbines.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.160-166
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• 2010

In this paper, the process parameters of thread rolling were designed based on the numerical analysis results. Firstly, the effective analysis conditions that guarantee the reliability of the analysis results were found. To find the effective analysis conditions, the analyses were carried out for various numbers of teeth. And then, the effects of the process parameters such as tool shape and temperature on the thread rolling performance were investigated. The formability in thread rolling process was evaluated in terms of Cockcroft-Latham damage value. In order to evaluate formability, Cockcroft-Latham damage value was normalized by the critical damage value which was obtained from the analysis of uniaxial tensile test. The analyses were carried out using DEFORM-3D. The results showed that the flank angle and crest round had an effect on the thread rolling load. It was also shown that temperature had significant effects on the effective strain distribution, rolling load, and damage. With the reduced formability of stainless steel at higher temperature, it was shown that the normalized damage values increased as the process temperature.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

연구 목적: 임플란트 나사선 경사각이 치조골의 응력분포에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 어떤 임플란트가 응력분산에 유리한 지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 피치는 0.8 mm로 일정하게 하고 나사선의 줄(thread) 수를 다르게 하여 나사선 경사각의 변화를 준 1줄 나사선 임플란트(single thread type: 경사각 $3.8^{\circ}$)와 2줄 나사선 임플란트(double thread type: 경사각 $7.7^{\circ}$) 그리고 3줄 나사선 임플란트(triple thread type: 경사각 $11.5^{\circ}$)의 세 가지 모델을 통해 3차원 유한요소 응력분석을 시행하였다. 임플란트가 치조골의 치아 장축에 대하여 $0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$ 경사지게 식립된 것으로 가정하여 9 가지 모델을 만들었다. 200 N의 수직 방향의 하중과, 200 N의 임의의 $15^{\circ}$ 경사 하중을 가한 경우에 임플란트와 치조골에서 발생된 응력분포를 3차원 유한요소법으로 분석하였다. 결과:1. 임플란트의 경사 식립 각도가 클수록 치조골과 임플란트의 등가응력(von-Mises stress)과 최대주응력이 높게 나타났다. 2. 수직하중보다 경사하중을 가할 경우 치조골과 임플란트의 등가응력과 최대주응력이 높게 나타났다. 3. 임플란트의 나사선 줄 수가 증가할수록 응력분산 효과가 커서 등가응력과 최대주응력의 크기가 감소되었다. 4. 치조골에 작용하는 최대주응력의 크기는 수직하중 시에나 경사하중 시에 3줄 나사선을 가진 임플란트가 가장 작고 다음으로 2줄 또는 1줄 나사선의 순으로 나타나 3줄 나사선의 경우가 가장 우수한 결과를 보였다. 결론: 이상의 결과는 3줄 나사선 임플란트가 1줄 및 2줄 나사선 임틀란트보다 응력분산 효과 면에서 우수하며, $10^{\circ}$ 이상 경사지게 식립된 경우에라도 나사선 경사각이 커지면서 줄 수가 증가할수록 치조골에서 발생하는 최대 주응력 값이 감소하므로 임플란트 나사선 줄 수와 경사각을 최적화함으로써 임플란트 응력분산에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2008

골조직이 자라 들어갈 수 있는 적절한 크기의 마이크로패터닝을 부여하면 강하고 지속적인 골유착을 이룰 수 있는 생역학적 결합을 이룰 수 있다. 또한 마이크로패터닝을 통해 골조직과 접촉하는 면적을 증가시킴으로써 하중을 적절히 분산시킬 수도 있다. 본 연구에서는 마이크로패터닝의 형태와 크기에 따른 응력의 분산에 대해 연구하였다. 나사 하나에서의 하중을 연구하기 위해 2차원 유한요소분석법을 이용하였다. 임플란트는 무한히 긴 피질골에 100% 접촉하며 골-임플란트 계면은 고정된 것으로 경계조건을 설정한 후 마이크로패터닝의 위치와 수에 따라 5군으로 나누어 축력을 가한 후 최대응력과 응력의 분산양상을 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 마이크로패터닝을 부여하면 일반적인 나사에 비해 응력을 보다 넓게 분산시켰으며 나사의 하방에 마이크로패터닝을 부여한 것이 상방에 부여한 것보다 더 고르게 응력을 분산시켰다. 3개의 마이크로패터닝을 부여한 군이 2개의 마이크로패터닝을 부여한 군에 비해 응력을 넓게 분산시켰으나 응력이 집중되는 부위가 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통해 마이크로패터닝을 부여하면 응력의 분산효과가 있으며 특히 나사 하방에 부여하는 것이 더 큰 효과를 냄을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 ICEIC The International Conference on Electronics Informations and Communications
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• pp.39-41
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• 2004

In this paper, I propose a thread scheduling policy for faster packet processing on the network processors with multithreaded multiprocessor architecture. To implement the proposed policy, I derived several basic parameters related to the thread scheduling and included a new parameter representing the packet contents and the features of the multithreaded architecture. Through the empirical study using a network processor, I proved the proposed scheduling ploicy provides better throughput and load balancing compared to the generally used thread scheduling policy.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.526-543
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• 2000

Finite element analyses were performed to study effects on stress distribution generated in jaw bone for various shapes of dental implants: plateau type, plateau with small radius of curvature, triangular thread screw type in accordance with ISO regulations and square thread screw filleted with small radius partially. It was found that square thread screw filleted with small radius was more effective on stress distribution than other dental implants used in analyses. Additional analyses were performed on the implant with square thread screw filleted with small radius for very-ing design parameters, such as the width of thread end, the height of the thread of the implant and load direction, to determine the optimum dimensions of the implant. The highest stress concentration occurred at the region in jaw Pone adjacent to the first thread of the implant. The maximum effective stress induced by a 15 degree oblique load of 100 N was twice as high as the maximum effective stress caused by an equal amount of vertical load. Stress distribution was more effective in the case when the width of thread end and the height of thread were p/2 and 0.46p, respectively, where p is the pitch of thread. At last, using tensile force calculated from the possible insert torque without breading bone thread, finite element analysis was performed on the implant to calculate pre-stress when the primary fixation of the implant was operated in jaw bone. The maximum effective stress was 136.8 MPa which was proven to be safe.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2022

대규모 병렬 워크로드를 GPGPU의 연산 유닛에 할당하기 위한 스케줄링으로 라운드 로빈 방식이 널리 사용되고 있다. 라운드 로빈은 작업을 각 연산 유닛에 순차적으로 할당하여 구현이 쉽다는 장점이 있으나, 클라우드와 같은 다중 워크로드 환경에서는 연산 유닛 간 부하 균형이 잘 이루어지지 않는 문제점이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 새로운 스레드 블록 스케줄링을 제안한다. 제안하는 방식은 다양한 GPGPU 워크로드가 만들어낸 스레드 블록들을 그 작업량에 근거해 다중큐로 관리하고 각 연산 유닛의 잔여 자원을 가장 잘 활용할 수 있는 큐에서 스레드 블록을 선택하여 연산 유닛들의 자원 이용률을 극대화시키고 부하균형을 유도한다. 다양한 부하 환경에서의 시뮬레이션 실험을 통해 제안하는 방식이 라운드 로빈 대비 평균 24.8%의 성능개선 효과가 있음을 보인다.