• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of an exercise program for the thoracic spine and scapula rather than the neck, which is the primary site of pain. METHODS: Thirty-two elementary school teachers with a forward head posture (FHP) were assigned randomly to either the experimental group (n = 16) or the control group (n = 16). The experimental group performed scapular stabilization exercise (SSE) and thoracic extension exercise (TEE), and the control group performed cervical self-myofascial release exercise and stretching exercise. The pulmonary functions, pain, craniovertebral angle (CVA), and cervical range of motion (CROM) were measured before the intervention and six weeks after. RESULTS: The within-group comparisons showed that the VAS and CROM (except for extension) in both groups were significantly different before and after the intervention (p < .05). The changes in the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 sec (FEV1), and CVA were significant only in the experimental group (p < .05). The between-group comparisons showed a significant difference in the FVC, FEV1, VAS, CVA, and left lateral flexion (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The combination of SSE and TEE in the experimental group was more effective in improving the FHP and breathing ability. Moreover, the experimental group and control combination appeared to be effective in reducing pain and improving the CROM. The combination of SSE and TEE, which are exercises that do not target the cervical spine directly, was effective in improving the posture, respiration, neck pain, and CROM in elementary school teachers with FHP.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1975

Various factors influencing the lymph flow from thoracic duct were investigated in an attempt to evaluate their contributing degree and the mechanisms. Sixteen mongrel dogs weighing between 10 and 16 kg were anesthetized and polyethylene catheters were inserted into the thoracic duct and femoral veins. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, lymph pressure and lymph flow were measured under various conditions. Electrical stimulation of left sciatic nerve, stepwise increase of central venous pressure, manual application of rhythmical depressions onto abdomen, injection of hypertonic saline solution and histamine infusion were employed. Measurement of cental venous pressure was performed through the recording catheter inserted into abdominal inferior vena cava. Changes in central venous pressure were made by an air-ballooning catheter located higher than the tip of the recording catheter in the inferior vena cava. Lymph flow from thoracic duct was measured directly with a graduated centrifuge tube allowing the lymph to flow freely outward through the inserted cannula. The average side pressure of thoracic lymph was $1.1\;cmH_2O$ and lymph flow was 0.40 ml/min or 1.9 ml/kg-hr. Hemodynamic parameters including lymph flow were measure immediately before and after (or during) applying a condition. Stimulation of left sciatic nerve with a square wave (5/sec, 2 msec, 10V) caused the lymph flow to increase 1.4 times. The pattern of lymph flow from thoracic duct was not continuous throughout the respiratory cycle, but was continuous only during Inspiration. Slow and deep respiration appeared to increase the lymph flow than a rapid and shallow respiration. Relationship between central venous pressure and the lymph flow revealed a relatively direct proportionality; Regression equation was Lymph Flow (ml/kg-hr)=0.09 CVP$(cmH_2O)$+0.55, r=0.67. Manual depressions onto the abdomen in accordance with the respiratory cycle caused the lymph flow to increase most remarkably, e.g,. 5.5 times. The application of manual depressions showed a fluctuation of central venous pressure superimposed on the respiratory fluctuation. Hypertonic saline solution (2% NaCl) administered Intravenously by the amount of 10 m1/kg increased the lymph flow 4.6 times. The injection also increased arterial blood pressure, especially systolic Pressure, and the central venous pressure. Slow intravenous infusion of histamine with a rate of 14-32 ${\mu}g/min$ resulted in a remarkable increase in the lymph flow (4.7 times), in spite of much decrease in the blood pressure and a slight decrease in the central venous pressure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.538-542
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• 1993

An approach to the treatment of post-operative pain by the injection of bupivacaine into the pleural space through an intrapleural cathter has been studied. Among 24 thoracotomy patients, bupivacaine was injected only to experimental group[ 12 patients ] when the patient was able to head up for oneself during recovery from anesthesia. The pain and ROM[ range of motion ] scores, respiration rate, PaCO2 level of both experimental and control group were measured at the time of head-up and 30 and 120 minutes thereafter.The scores of pain and ROM of experimental group were significantly[ P value < 0.05 ] decreased in 30 minutes and 120 minutes after bupivacaine injection compared with those of control group but respiration rate and PaCO2 level were not changed significantly. With this result, we can suggest that intrapleural injection of bupivacaine is useful for pain relief following thoracotomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.224-227
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• 2010

호흡기와 위장관 사이의 누공은 염증이나 외상에 의하여 발생된다. 저자들은 기관지-흉강-위장-대장 누공이 있는 51세 남자 환자를 경험하였다. 호흡시에 만성적인 악취를 호소하던 환자는 30년 전 횡격막파열의 기왕력을 가지고 있었다. 횡격막 염증이 좌하엽 괴사를 유발하여 기관지-흉강강 누공을 만들었고, 위장의 분문부과 대장의 비장굽이부분에 천공을 유발하였다. 저자들은 좌하엽 절제술과 횡격막 복원, 위장관 수술을 시행하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2006

We have designed the system that measure one channel ECG by two electrode and extract real-time EDR with more related resipiration and comportable to subject by using conductive textile. On the assumption that relation between RL electrode and potential measurement electrode is coupled with RC connected model, we designed RL drive output to feedback two electrode for reduction of common mode signal. The conductive textile which was used for two ECG electrode was offered more comfort during night sleep in bed than any other method using attachments. In the method of single-lead EDR, R wave point or QRS interval area could be used for EDR estimation in traditional method, it is, so to speak, the amplitude modulation(AM) method for EDR. Alternatively, R-R interval could be used for frequency modulation(FM) method based on Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia(RSA). For evaluation of performance on AM EDR and FM EDR from 14 subject, ECG lead III was measured. Each EDR was compared with both temperature around nose(direct measurement of respiration) and respiration signal from thoracic belt(indirect measurement of respiration) on mean squared error(MSE), cross correlation(Xcorr), and Coherence. The upsampling interpolation technique of multirate signal processing is applied to interpolating data instead of cubic spline interpolation. As a result, we showed the real-time EDR extraction processing to be implemented at micro-controller.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.619-623
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• 1987

We experienced a surgical case of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula combined with imperforated anus, tracheal bronchus in a one day baby. A vacuum delivered full term baby, weighing 4.1 Kg showed grunting respiration, repeated regurgitation and distended abdomen after birth. Esophagogram revealed markedly dilated proximal esophagus as blind pouch and also noted displaced type of tracheal bronchus of right upper lobe by incidental bronchogram. Surgical correction with Haight anastomosis was performed successfully on the second day.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.259-264
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• 1986

Broncholithiasis is defined as a cor9ition in which a concretion is present within a bronchus or a cavity in the lung communicating with a bronchus. The usual causes of broncholithiasis are known as tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, silicosis, aspirated calculi, and a few fungal infections. It is generally accepted that the constant motion created by respiration and beating of the heart may cause the peribronchial calcified lymph node to erode into the tracheobronchial tree and to form broncholith. After the analysis of our 6 cases of broncholithiasis which were treated surgically in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from 1960 to December, 1985, we could suggest that intrinsic formation of calculi should be regarded as the pathogenesis of broncholithiasis in addition to the extrinsic formation of calculi.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1976

This is a report of 8 cases cardiac arrest developed in the operating room at Jeonbug university Hospital from January 1973 to October, 1975. Four patients of cardiac arrest developed during the elective operation, 3 during the emergency operation and the remaining one, bronchoscopy for foreign body removal under the general anesthesia. Immediate closed chest cardiac massage was performed in the 7 patients and the remaining one underwent open chest cardiac massage. Five of 7 patients with the closed chest cardiac massage regained consciousness and restored respiration, but 3 patients of these survived to be discharged. Two patients who underwent pneumonectomy for multiple lung abscess and open drainage for liver abscess, were resuscitated but did survived. The Latter died from bleeding due to rupture of the liver that developed during the closed chest cardiac massage. One patient who had open chest cardiac massage survived to be discharged without any sequele. Unsuccessful resuscitation was observed in two patients, one had a complication of malignant hyperthermia with muscle rigidity during gastrectomy for ulcer perforation and another had not firm support on the back during massage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 1978

Between April 1976 and March 1978, six cases of tricuspid valve replacement were done in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 4 men and 2 women and the age of the patients ranged from 17 years of the youngest to 48 years of the oldest. Most of them had characteristic symptoms of tricuspid valve disease, such as a systolic murmur audible over the lower sternum and varying with respiration, pulsatile and distended neck vein, and an enlarged and pulsatile liver. Preoperative functional levels according to NYHA Calcification were class III in 4 cases, and class IV in 2 eases. Most of the cases showed moderate to severe cardiomegaly in chest films and elevated right atrial pressure on preoperative right heart catheterization. Five of them underwent concomittent mitral valve replacement and one pulmonary valvotomy. All of them showed tricuspid insufficiency resulted from massive dilatation of annulus, destructive lesions of valve structure, or both anomalies. One postoperative hospital death was encountered and the cause of death was low out-put syndrome. All survivors showed clinical improvement and cardiomegaly regressed and left hospital in a good condition . *Attendum; Recently 2 more cases of tricuspid valve replacement with mitral valve replacement were done after this review.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.239-243
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• 1996

역행성 호흡 운동을 방지 하고 종격동내의 구조물을 보호하는 흥곽의 기능을 고려해야 하기 때문에 흉벽 재건은 임상적으로 간단하지가 않다. 영남대 학교병원 흉부외과에서는 교통사고로 좌측 전흉부의 전층에 걸친 흉벽 결손을 가진 37세 남자 환자에게 흉벽 재건술을 시행하였다. 외상직후 변연 절제와 지혈을 위해 1차 응급 수술이 시행되었고, 수술후25일째 흉벽 재건을 위한 2차수술을 시행하였다. 흉벽재건에는 흉배동맥을 피판경으로한 광배근피판과 좌측 대퇴부로부터 피부이식이 이용되었다. 흉벽 재건 수술후 인공호흡기 보조없이 자가 호흡이 가능하였으며, 수술후 3개월에 시행한 폐기능 검사(FVC, FEV1.0)는 예측치의 80%로 나타났다. 광배근피판을 이용한 흉벽 재건의 수술후 경과는 생리학적, 해부학적 그리고 미학적으로도 만족할만 하였다.