• Composites Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

본 연구는 실린더 내부가 경사가능재료로 코팅된 두꺼운 벽을 가진 실린더의 겉보기 파괴인성치를 해석한 것이다. 실린더는 내부로부터 반경방향의 단일 모서리 균열이 내재되어 있으며, 균열면과 내면에는 내압을 받고 있는 것으로 가정하였다. 소결온도로부터 냉각 결과 균일한 열팽창계수로 인해 실린더에는 비적합 고유스트레인이 생성되었다. 기존의 연구에서 소개된 응력확대계수 평가법에 기초해 겉보기 파괴인성치를 계산하였다. 본 연구에서는 TiC/$Al_{2}O_{3}$ FGM 코팅된 실린더를 사용하였고 겉보기 파괴인성치의 수치적인 결과를 도식화하였다. 재료분포프로파일, 실린더 벽 두께, 적용온도와 코팅두께등이 겉보기 파괴인치에 미치는 영향이 상세히 조사되었으며, 이러한 모든 인자는 실린더의 겉보기 파괴인성치를 조절하는데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.469-477
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• 2018

This paper presents a numerical solution for the thick cylinders made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) with a constant Poisson's ratio and an arbitrary Young's modulus. We define two fundamental solutions which are derived from an ordinary differential equation under two particular initial boundary conditions. In addition, for the single layer case, we can define the transfer matrix N. The matrix gives a relation between the values of stress and displacement at the interior and exterior points. By using the assumed boundary condition and the transfer matrix, we can obtain the final solution. The transfer matrix method also provides an effective way for the solution of multiply layered cylinder. Finally, a lot of numerical examples are present.

• Composites Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2011

높은 내압을 받는 장축후육실린더의 성능향상을 위해 최근 그 길이가 길어짐에 따라 무게 또한 무시할 수 없는 변수로 떠오르게 되었다. 따라서 본 논문은 이러한 현상에 대처하기위한 대안으로 장축후육실린더의 무게를 줄이고 대신 복합재 테이프를 감아 무게감소와 더불어 벤딩 (bending)현상을 줄이기 위한 목적으로 복합재가 AISI4340 후육실린더에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 우선 크기가 감소된 AISI4340 후육실린더에 높은 내압을 받는 압력용기 등에 주로 사용되는 자긴가공(autofrettage) 공법을 모사한 후 T300/S208, IM7/PETI5, IM7/8552 테이프를 적용하여 각각의 복합재가 AISI4340 후육실린더에 감을 때 발생되는 응력분포를 살펴봄으로써 탄성계수 및 적층각에 따른 영향을 고찰하였다. 또한 복합재IAISI4340 이중구조 후육실린더의 적층각 도출을 위한 다양한 적층각 조합용 통해 적층각 도출을 위한 전초를 마련하였다. 본 논문을 위한 해석에는 MSC.Nastran/Patran v.2005가 사용되었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2004

This paper presents the effects of cylinder shell elasticity on effective bulk modulus of oil $K_e$ in automotive hydraulic dampers. A theoretical model of cylinder shell bulk modulus $K_c$ based on the elasticity theory of thick-walled cylinder incorporating not only radial but longitudinal deformation is proposed. In a cylinder, values of $K_c$ by the new model and traditional models are computed and the discrepancies among them are discussed. In a twin-tube type automotive damper, the variation of $K_e$ under different pressure values in chambers of the damper cylinder, based on different theoretical models for $K_c$ is computed. Through these computations, it is shown that remarkable discrepancies in computed values of $K_e$ might occur according to the $K_e$ models in connection with $K_c$ models.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2003

An independent kinematic hardening material model in which the reverse yielding point is defined by the Bauschinger effect factor (BEF) , has been defined for stainless steel SUS 304. The material model and the BEF are obtained experimentally and represented mathematically as continuous functions of effective plastic strain. The material model has been incorporated in a non-linear stress analysis for the prediction of reverse yielding in thick-walled cylinders during the autofrettage process of these vessels. Residual stress distributions of the independent kinematic hardening material model at the onset of reverse yielding are compared with residual stresses of an isotropic hardening model showing the significant effect of the BEF on reverse yielding predictions. Critical pressures of direct and reverse yielding are obtained for the most commonly used cylinders and a range of permissible internal pressures for an efficient autofrettaged process is recommended.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.1167-1182
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• 2015

In this study, the stresses and electric potential redistributions of a cylinder made from functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) are investigated. All the mechanical, thermal and piezoelectric properties are modeled as power-law distribution of volume fraction. Using the coupled electro-thermo-mechanical relations, strain-displacement relations, Maxwell and equilibrium equations are obtained including the time dependent creep strains. Creep strains are time, temperature and stress dependent, the closed form solution cannot be found for this constitutive differential equation. A semi-analytical method in conjunction with the Mendelson method of successive approximation is therefore proposed for this analysis. Similar to the radial stress histories, electric potentials increase with time, because the latter is induced by the former during creep deformation of the cylinder, justifying industrial application of such a material as efficient actuators and sensors.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1986

The fundamental theory and application of boundary element method for two-dimensional problem are introduced in this paper. Based on this boundary element procedure, several numerical calculations such as circular cavity problem, a thin plate with hole under tension and a long thick-walled cylinder under internal pressure are performed. The numerical results show fairly good agreement with exact solutions or results of finite element method.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

자주포 또는 원자로와 같은 두꺼운 실린더는 압력용기 내부에 유익한 잔류 압축응력을 유도하여 작용압력과 피로수명을 증가시키도록 자긴 가공되고 있다. 자긴가공도가 증가하면 구멍에서 압축잔류응력의 크기도 증가한다. 본연구의 목적은 ASME 코드에 의해 적용된 Kendall 모델을 이용하여 고강도 SCM440 강의 정확한 잔류응력을 예측하는 것이다. SCM440 후육실린더의 내부에 유압이 적용되고 30% 변형률까지 자긴 가공하였다. 자긴가공된 시편은 전해연마하고 X-ray 회절법을 이용하여 정확한 잔류응력을 산출하도록 하였다. 그리고 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 자긴가공에 의해 소성변형된 표면층을 분석하였다. 측정한 잔류응력과 계산된 결과를 비교하여 약간의 차이는 있으나 비교적 서로 잘 일치하고 있다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.427-439
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• 2012

The present paper deals with the analytical solution of a functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) cylinder in the magnetic field under mechanical, thermal and electrical loads. All mechanical, thermal and electrical properties except Poisson ratio can be varied continuously and gradually along the thickness direction of the cylinder based on a power function. The cylinder is assumed to be axisymmetric. Steady state heat transfer equation is solved by considering the appropriate boundary conditions. Using Maxwell electro dynamic equation and assumed magnetic field along the axis of the cylinder, Lorentz's force due to magnetic field is evaluated for non homogenous state. This force can be employed as a body force in the equilibrium equation. Equilibrium and Maxwell equations are two fundamental equations for analysis of the problem. Comprehensive solution of Maxwell equation is considered in the present paper for general states of non homogeneity. Solution of governing equations may be obtained using solution of the characteristic equation of the system. Achieved results indicate that with increasing the non homogenous index, different mechanical and electrical components present different behaviors along the thickness direction. FGP can control the distribution of the mechanical and electrical components in various structures with good precision. For intelligent properties of functionally graded piezoelectric materials, these materials can be used as an actuator, sensor or a component of piezo motor in electromechanical systems.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1995

Nowadays the thin-walled metal bearing, which is made seperately from the bearing housing and has the ratio of wall thickness/bearing diameter being less than 1/30, are used in many newly developed large-sized slow speed diesel engines for the purpose of upgarding lubication performance and easy maintenance according to the trends of increasing output per cylinder and lowering engine speed. The type of this bearing has been used generally in many small-sized high speed engines applied for automobile, high speed craft and industrial power generation systems since 1950s. But the tranditional thick-walled bearings, whice are linned white metal on the bearing housing directly, have been installed on the large and slow speed engines until 1990s due to the easy manufacturing procedures. In this study we have calculated optimum dimensions of the metal bearing, fabricated special zigs for crush measurement, model test machine, 2 sets of specimens.(crosshead pin bearing, $\phi$818*552*20mm) for B & W 6S70MC(20, 940*88rpm), and evaluated metal constact phenomena of white metal, its friction coefficient, temparature rise through the model test and field performance test.