• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.324-330
• /
• 2021

In recent years, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based cogeneration system has received more and more attention from energy researchers because beside electricity, the system also meets the residential thermal demand. However, the low-quality heat exited from PEMFC should be increased temperature before direct use or storage. This study proposes a method to utilize the heat exhausted from a 10 kW PEMFC by coupling a heat pump. Two different configuration using heat pump and a reference layout with heater are analyzed in term of thermal and total efficiency. The system coefficient of performance (COP) increases from 0.87 in layout with heaters to 1.26 and 1.29 in configuration with heat pump and cascade heat pump, respectively. Lastly, based on system performance result, another study in economics point of view is proposed.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제27권11호
• /
• pp.581-586
• /
• 2015

In this study, an analysis was performed on the performance of the solar water heating system with geo-thermal heat pump for a detached house. This system has a flat plate solar collector ($8\;m^2$) and a 3 RT heat pump. The heat pump acts as an auxiliary heater of the solar water heating system. These systems were installed at four individual houses with the same area of $100\;m^2$. The monitoring results for one year are as follows. (1) The average daily operating time of the solar system appeared to be 313 minutes in spring (intermediate season), and 135 minutes and 76 minutes in winter and summer respectively. The reason for the short operating time in summer is the high storage temperature due to low water heating load. The high storage temperature is caused by a decrease in collecting efficiency as well as by overheating. (2) The geothermal heat pump as an auxiliary heater mainly operates on days of poor insolation during the winter season. (3) Despite controlling for total house area, hot water consumption varies greatly according to the number of people in the family, hot water usage habits, etc. (4) The yearly solar fraction was 69.8 to 91.5 percent, which exceeds the maximum value of 80% as recommended by ASHRAE. So the solar collector area of $8\;m^2$ appeared to be somewhat greater for the house with an area of $100\;m^2$. (5) The observed annual efficiency of solar systems was relatively low at 13.5 to 23.6%, which was analyzed to be due to the decrease in thermal efficiency and the overheating caused by a high solar fraction.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제14권9호
• /
• pp.985-996
• /
• 2000

The issue of quench is related to safety operation of large-scale superconducting magnet system fabricated by cable-in-conduit conductor. A numerical method is presented to simulate the thermal hydraulic quench characteristics in the superconducting Tokamak magnet system, One-dimensional fluid dynamic equations for supercritical helium and the equation of heat conduction for the conduit are used to describe the thermal hydraulic characteristics in the cable-in-conduit conductor. The high heat transfer approximation between supercritical helium and superconducting strands is taken into account due to strong heating induced flow of supercritical helium. The fully implicit time integration of upwind scheme for finite volume method is utilized to discretize the equations on the staggered mesh. The scheme of a new adaptive mesh is proposed for the moving boundary problem and the time term is discretized by the-implicit scheme. It remarkably reduces the CPU time by local linearization of coefficient and the compressible storage of the large sparse matrix of discretized equations. The discretized equations are solved by the IMSL. The numerical implement is discussed in detail. The validation of this method is demonstrated by comparison of the numerical results with those of the SARUMAN and the QUENCHER and experimental measurements.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.339-345
• /
• 2012

최근 안정성 및 경제성 측면에서 완전방호식 LNG 저장탱크(full-containment LNG storage tank)의 대안으로 검토되고 있는 멤브레인 LNG 저장탱크(membrane LNG storage tank)에 대해서 정량적 위험성 평가 방법(QRA; Quantitative Risk Analysis)과 유한요소해석법(FEM; Finite Element Method)을 통하여 안전성 평가를 수행하였다. 본 논문에서는 유한요소해석법(FEM)을 통한 구조안전성 평가에서 140,000 $m^3$ 저장용량을 갖는 LNG 저장탱크의 두 가지 모델은 저장탱크 시스템에 대한 강도 안전성과 누출 안전성 측면에서 해석한 결과에 의하면 모두 안전한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 고장수목분석(FTA; Fault Tree Analysis)을 통하여 멤브레인 LNG 저장탱크에 안전성을 강화하기 위해 설계 초기모델에 안전장치로서 멤브레인 바닥부의 충격흡수장치(impact absorber structure), 1차 멤브레인 저장 파손 시 콘크리트 외부탱크(outer tank) 코너부(corner part)의 열충격(thermal stress)을 감소시킬 수 있는 열보호장지(secondary barrier) 및 펌프 낙하 시 안전장치로서 펌프캐쳐(pump catcher)를 보완하고 평가하였다. 결론적으로 개선된 멤브레인 LNG 저장탱크는 안전성 측면에서 완전방호식 LNG 저장탱크와 대등하다는 결론을 도출할 수 있었다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한설비공학회 2005년도 하계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.64-64
• /
• 2005

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한설비공학회 2004년도 하계학술발표 논문집
• /
• pp.81-81
• /
• 2004

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2007

Actual states of energy utilizations were investigated and analyzed on three representative rural villages in Chungcheongnam-Do. Rural residents were almost using the ondol boiler as a heating facility and oil(diesel, kerosene) and electricity(night thermal-storage power service) as a heating energy. There were a few households using briquette or firewood in a fuel hole with Korean hypocaust. Most of their cooking facilities were gas ranges using LPG. The most popular hot-water supply system was an oil boiler and the next was an electricity boiler. The amount of energy use in a rural household generally showed 20,000 to 40,000 won/month of the electric power rate, 400 to 800 liter/year of the oil and 60 to 120 kg/year of the LPG. Prompt measures should be taken to promote the spread of new and renewable energy such as solar heat, biomass and wind power, etc.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 1986

An experiment on the devices that enchance the stratification of storage tanks in a solar heat ins system has been carried out. The benefits of thermal stratification in sensible heat storage are to increase the system performance such as the collector efficiency or the fraction of the total load supplied by solar energy. Using the diffuser and the distributor as the stratification enchancement device, the expeliments were perfomed in the different condition of diameter and material of the distributor. As a result of experiments, there exists the diameter of distributor in which the stratification is made maximum under certain design and operation condition. Also it was identified that the kind of distributor material influenced the degree of stratification. Comparing the experimental result to the computational results calculated under the same conditions, the node number N(stratification index) was determined. The results of computer simulation that was performed about the actual solar heating system in Seoul for 24 hours show the relative advantage of stratified over well-mixed storage and the significant improvements in system performance.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2001

One of the important applications of a contact melting process is a latent thermal energy storage system owing to its high heat flux and small temperature variation. In some previous works, the split fins have been employed in order to enhance the melting rate. In the present work, the direct contact melting was experimentally investigated using an ice as specimen for both split and non-split fins. It was shown that the contact melting by split fins increases the melting rate compared to that of non-split ones.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2022

A vacuum system is designed for thermal insulation of a 10 ton/day class air liquefaction cold box for liquid air energy storage. The vacuum system is composed of a turbomolecular pump, a backing pump and vacuum piping for the vacuum pumps. The turbomolecular pump is in combination with the backing pump for pumping capacity. The vacuum piping is designed with system installation conditions, such as distance from the cold box, connections to vacuum pumps and installation space. The capacity of the vacuum pump combination, namely pumping speed, is determined by analysis of the vacuum system, and pump-down time to 1×10^-5 mbar is estimated. Vacuum piping conductance, system pumping speed and outgassing rate are calculated for the pump-down time with the ultimate pumping speed range of the vacuum pump combination of 1400 - 2300 l/s. Although the pump-down time gets shorter by larger capacity vacuum pumps, it mainly depends on target vacuum degree and outgassing rate in the cold box. The pump-down time is estimated as 3 - 6 hours appropriate for cold box operation for the pumping speed range. Considering the outgassing rate has uncertainty, the vacuum pump combination with pumping speed of 1900 l/s is chosen for the vacuum system, which is middle value of the pumping speed range.