• 제목/요약/키워드: Thermal decomposition method

검색결과 328건 처리시간 0.03초

Characterization of aluminized RDX for chemical propulsion

  • Yoh, Jai-ick;Kim, Yoocheon;Kim, Bohoon;Kim, Minsung;Lee, Kyung-Cheol;Park, Jungsu;Yang, Seungho;Park, Honglae
    • International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.418-424
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    • 2015
  • The chemical response of energetic materials is analyzed in terms of 1) the thermal decomposition under the thermal stimulus and 2) the reactive flow upon the mechanical impact, both of which give rise to an exothermic thermal runaway or an explosion. The present study aims at building a set of chemical kinetics that can precisely model both thermal and impact initiation of a heavily aluminized cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (RDX) which contains 35% of aluminum. For a thermal decomposition model, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement is used together with the Friedman isoconversional method for defining the frequency factor and activation energy in the form of Arrhenius rate law that are extracted from the evolution of product mass fraction. As for modelling the impact response, a series of unconfined rate stick data are used to construct the size effect curve which represents the relationship between detonation velocity and inverse radius of the sample. For validation of the modeled results, a cook-off test and a pressure chamber test are used to compare the predicted chemical response of the aluminized RDX that is either thermally or mechanically loaded.

ARC(Heat-Wait-Search method)와 isothermal 조건을 이용한 압축형 복합화약의 열적 특성 및 노화 예측 연구 (Study on the thermal Property and Aging Prediction for Pressable Plastic Bonded Explosives through ARC(Heat-Wait-Search method) & isothermal conditions)

  • 이소정;김진석;김승희;권국태;추초롱;전영진
    • 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국추진공학회 2017년도 제48회 춘계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.172-178
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    • 2017
  • 열적 특성은 에너지 물질 분야에서 중요한 특성 중 하나로, 에너지 물질 분해 시 분해열을 방출하기 때문에 DSC(시차 주사 열량계, Differential Scanning Calorimetry)를 자주 사용하고 있다. 승온속도를 달리한 DSC 측정의 경우, 용융과 같은 열역학적 변화로 인해 물질의 열적 측정에 방해를 준다. 또한 kg 단위로 예측하기 때문에 mg 단위 때와는 다른 공간상의 열 변화의 변수가 생긴다. 이번 연구에서는 이 문제점을 해결하는 방안으로, 등온 조건으로 한 DSC(Differential Scanning Calorimetry) 기초 데이터로 ATKS thermokinetic 프로그램을 이용하여 열적 노화 특성을 예측한다. 그리고 g 단위로 측정하는 ARC(Accelerating Rate Calorimetry)의 데이터를 이용하여 열적 노화 특성을 예측하고 결과를 비교 할 것이다.

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Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Antimicrobial Agent, Poly(hexamethylene guanidine) Phosphate

  • Lee, Sang-Mook;Jin, Byung-Suk;Lee, Jae-Wook
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.491-498
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    • 2006
  • The thermal degradation of poly(hexamethylene guanidine) phosphate (PHMG) was studied by dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-GC/MS (p-GC). Thermal degradation of PHMG occurs in three different processes, such as dephosphorylation, sublimation/vaporization of amine compounds and decomposition/ recombination of hydrocarbon residues. The kinetic parameters of each stage were calculated from the Kissinger, Friedman and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods. The Chang method was also used for comparison study. To investigate the degradation mechanisms of the three different stages, the Coats-Redfern and the Phadnis-Deshpande methods were employed. The probable degradation mechanism for the first stage was a nucleation and growth mechanism, $A_n$ type. However, a power law and a diffusion mechanism, $D_n$ type, were operated for the second degradation stage, whereas a nucleation and growth mechanism, $A_n$ type, were operated again for the third degradation stage of PHMG. The theoretical weight loss against temperature curves, calculated by the estimated kinetic parameters, well fit the experimental data, thereby confirming the validity of the analysis method used in this work. The life-time predicted from the kinetic equation is a valuable guide for the thermal processing of PHMG.

ARC(Heat-wait-search method)와 Isothermal 조건을 이용한 압축형 복합화약의 열적 특성 및 노화 예측 연구 (Study on the Thermal Property and Aging Prediction for Pressable Plastic Bonded Explosives through ARC(Heat-wait-search method) & Isothermal Conditions)

  • 이소정;김승희;권국태;전영진
    • 한국추진공학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.55-60
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    • 2018
  • 열적 특성은 에너지 물질 분야에서 중요한 특성 중 하나로, 분해열을 방출하기 때문에, 열적 특성 분석에 DSC(Differential Scanning Calorimetry)가 자주 사용된다. 그러나 DSC 측정의 경우, 용융과 같은 열역학적 변화가 kinetics 분석에 방해를 끼친다. 이번 연구에서는 이 문제점을 해결하는 방안으로, 등온 조건으로 한 DSC 기초 데이터와 g 단위로 측정하는 ARC(Accelerating Rate Calorimetry)의 데이터를 이용하여 AKTS(Advanced Kinetics and Technology Solutions) thermokinetic 프로그램을 이용하여 열적 노화 특성을 예측, 비교한다.

열분해에 의한 바이오매스의 유류자원화 기술에 관한 기초 연구 (The Primary Research on oil Conversion Technology of biomass by Pyrolysis)

  • 최혁진;유선경;오상우;이승국;이승훈
    • 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.112-117
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구는 수산 폐기물, 폐어망 등 해양 유기성 폐기물을 유류와 같은 대체 에너지 자원으로 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로 수행되었다. 현재까지 폐플라스틱이나 폐타이어와 같은 석유공업을 기반으로 한 유기성 폐기물을 유류자원화 하여 대체연료로 사용하는 연구가 활발하고 상용화된 사례들은 많다. 그러나 주위에 쉽게 버려지는 음식물 쓰레기, 유기성 폐기물을 이용해 대체자원을 개발하는 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 동물성 유기 폐기물을 사용하여 고온고압 하에서 열분해를 이용해 오일을 얻었고, 오일의 성분과 특성을 조사하여 대체자원으로의 가능성을 평가하였다. $250^{\circ}C$, 40 atm에서 열분해한 바이오오일은 점도가 높아 불순물을 제거에 어려움이 있었고, 발열량이 중유(重油)보다 다소 낮았으며, 연료로 사용하기에는 부적합한 다양한 종류의 가스 생성물을 얻었다. 하지만 기존의 열분해 방법들이 $500^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온에서 반응시키는 것과 달리 대상물질 자체의 수분을 이용해 증기압으로 가압하기 때문에 $250{\pm}5^{\circ}C$의 낮은 온도에서도 열분해 할 수 있었다. 그러나 바이오오일의 점도가 높아 액상연료로 사용하기에는 미흡하였다.

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Parallelization and application of SACOS for whole core thermal-hydraulic analysis

  • Gui, Minyang;Tian, Wenxi;Wu, Di;Chen, Ronghua;Wang, Mingjun;Su, G.H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제53권12호
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    • pp.3902-3909
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    • 2021
  • SACOS series of subchannel analysis codes have been developed by XJTU-NuTheL for many years and are being used for the thermal-hydraulic safety analysis of various reactor cores. To achieve fine whole core pin-level analysis, the input preprocessing and parallel capabilities of the code have been developed in this study. Preprocessing is suitable for modeling rectangular and hexagonal assemblies with less error-prone input; parallelization is established based on the domain decomposition method with the hybrid of MPI and OpenMP. For domain decomposition, a more flexible method has been proposed which can determine the appropriate task division of the core domain according to the number of processors of the server. By performing the calculation time evaluation for the several PWR assembly problems, the code parallelization has been successfully verified with different number of processors. Subsequent analysis results for rectangular- and hexagonal-assembly core imply that the code can be used to model and perform pin-level core safety analysis with acceptable computational efficiency.

에폭시 수지의 전자선 및 열경화 특성에 관한 연구 (A Comparative Study on Electron-Beam and Thermal Curing Properties of Epoxy Resins)

  • 이재락;허건영;박수진
    • 폴리머
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.80-87
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    • 2002
  • 전자선 및 열경화 방법을 사용한 에폭시 수지의 경화거동과 열안정성 효과를 알아보기 위하여 비교 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는, benzylquinoxalinium hexafluoroantimonate(BQH)가 에폭시 수지의 잠재성 양이온 촉매로서 사용되었다. 열중량분석(TGA)에 의하면, Coats-Redfern 방법에 기초한 분해활성화 에너지는 열경화 방법의 경우가 더 높게 나타났다. 이것은 열로 경화되어진 에폭시 수지의 높은 가교 밀도로 인해 열확산 속도가 느려졌기 때문으로 사료된다. 그러나, 전자선 방법으로 경화되어진 에폭시 수지에서는 안정한 짧은 고리구조, 적분열분해온도, 그리고 높은 충격강도를 위한 최종적인 연성 특성을 향상시키는 수산화기의 증가가 근적외선 분광기(NIRS) 측정으로 관찰되었다.

EHC 기반 Urea-SCR 시스템 히터 표면온도 분포의 1-D 모델링 (1-D Modeling of Heater Surface Temperature Distribution in EHC-based Urea-SCR System)

  • 박선홍;손지현;문석수;오광철;장성욱;박성서
    • 한국분무공학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 2022
  • In upcoming Post Stage-V and Tier 5 regulations of construction machineries, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are strictly limited in cold start conditions. In response to this, a method of improving NOx conversion efficiency has been applied by installing an electric heating catalyst (EHC) in front of conventional urea-SCR systems so that the evaporation and thermal decomposition of urea-water solution can be promoted in cold start conditions. In this strategy, the evaporation and thermal decomposition of urea-water solution and corresponding NOx conversion efficiency are governed by temperature conditions inside the EHC. Therefore, characterizing the temperature distribution in the EHC under various operating conditions is crucial for the optimized operation and control of the EHC in Urea-SCR systems. In this study, a 1-D modeling analysis was performed to predict the heater surface temperature distribution in EHC under various operating conditions. The reliability of prediction results was verified by comparing them with measurement results obtained using an infrared (IR) camera. Based on 1-D analysis results, the effects of various EHC operation parameters on the heater surface temperature distribution were analyzed and discussed.

Preparation of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Na-MMT Nanocomposites via in-Situ Polymerization with Macroazoinitiator

  • Jeong Han Mo;Ahn Young Tae
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.102-106
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    • 2005
  • Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) nanocomposites were prepared with a novel method utilizing a macroazoinitiator (MAI). To induce the intergallery polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), the MAI containing a po1y(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segment was intercalated between the lamellae of Na-MMT and swelled with water to enhance the diffusion of MMA into the gallery. The structure of the nanocomposite was examined using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, and the thermal properties were examined using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The PMMA/Na-MMT nanocomposite prepared by intergallery polymerization showed a distinct enhancement of its thermal properties; an approximately $30^{\circ}C$ increase in its glass transition temperature and an $80\sim100^{\circ}C$ increase in its thermal decomposition temperature for a $10\%$ weight loss.