• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.61-66
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• 2008

As ships become to be larger than ever, the thicker plate and the higher tensile steel plate are used in naval shipyard. Though special chemical composition is needed for high-tensile steels, recent high-tensile steels are made by the TMCP(Thermo-Mechanical control process) skill. The increase of yield stress and tensile stress of TMCP steels is induced from bainite phase which is transformed from austenite, but that increased yield stress can be vanished by another additional thermal cycle like welding and heating. As thermal deformations are deeply related by yield stress of material, the study for prediction of plate deformation by heating should reflect principle of TMCP steels. This study developed an algorithm which can calculate inherent strain. In this algorithm, not only the mechanical principles of thermal deformations, but also the predicting of the portion of initial bainite is considered when calculating inherent strain. The simulations of plate deformation by these values showed good agreements with experimental results of normalizing steels and TMCP steels in welding and heating. Finally we made an inherent strain database of steels used in Class rule.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2009

As ships become larger, thicker and higher tensile steel plate are used in shipyard. Though special chemical compositions are required for high-tensile steels, recently they are made by the TMCP (Thermo-Mechanical control process) methodology. The increased Yield / Tensile strength of TMCP steels compared to the normalized steel of same composition are induced by suppressing the formation of Ferrite and Pearlite in favor of strong and tough Bainite while being transformed from Austenite. But this Bainite phase could be vanished by another additional thermal cycle like welding and heating. As thermal deformations are deeply related by yield stress of material, the study for prediction of plate deformation by heating should niflect the principle of TMCP steels. The present study is related to the development of an algorithm which could calculate inherent strain. In this algorithm, not only the mechanical principles of thermal deformations, but also the initial portion of Bainite is considered when calculating inherent strain. Distortion analysis results by these values showed good agreements with experimental results for normalized steels and TMCP steels during welding and heating. This algorithm has also been used to create an inherent strain database of steels in Class rule.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.98-103
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• 2008

This paper is to discuss distribution of welding residual stresses of a ferritic low alloy steel nozzle with dissimilar metal weld using Alloy 82/182. Two dimensional (2D) thermo-mechanical finite element analyses are carried out to simulate multi-pass welding process on the basis of the detailed and fabrication data. On performing the welding analysis generally, the characteristics on the heat input and heat transfer of weld are affected on the weld residual stress analyses. Thermal analyses in the welding heat cycle process is very important process in weld residual stress analyses. Therefore, heat is rapidly input to the weld pass material, using internal volumetric heat generation, at a rate which raises the peak weld metal temperature to $2200^{\circ}C$ and the base metal adjacent to the weld to about $1400^{\circ}C$. These are approximately the temperature that the weld metal and surrounding base materials reach during welding. Also, According to the various ways of appling the weld heat source, the predicted residual stress results are compared with measured axial, hoop and radial through-wall profiles in the heat affected zone of test component. Also, those results are compared with those of full 3-dimensional simulation.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.60-60
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• 2009

본 연구는 보론이 첨가된 저합금강 용접 열영향부에서의 보론 편석 거동 연구를 위해 보론이 10ppm 첨가된 저합금강을 이용하여 다양한 용접 입열량 및 외부 응력에 따른 용접부 CGHAZ의 보론 편석거동을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 Gleeble 시스템을 이용하여 다양한 입열량에 따른 CGHAZ를 열 및 열-응력 사이클을 통하여 재현하였다. 재현된 시편의 미세조직은 OM을 통하여 분석하고, 보론의 편석거동을 SIMS와 PTA 분석법을 통하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 입열량에 따른 보론의 편석 거동은 최초 입열량이 증가함에 따라 보론의 편석이 증가하다가 다시 감소하였는데 이는 비평형 편석 후 고온에서 유지시간이 길어짐에 따라 back diffusion 발생에 따른 영향으로 판단된다. 또한 외부 응력에 의한 보론 편석 거동 분석 결과, 용접 열 사이클 중 작용하는 외부 응력에 의해 결정립계 편석 감소하였는데 이는 외부 응력에 의한 오스테나이트 결정립 크기 감소에 따른 결정립계 증가의 영향으로 판단된다.