• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of enzyme activities on male Sprague-Dawley rats intoxicated by CCI4 on IS(Godulbaegi) diets for 4 weeks. We divides into 5 diet groups which were normal diet(N), normal diet intoxicated by CCI4(NC) and 3 IS diets ; leaves diet(ILC), roots diet(IRC) and mixed diet of leaves and roots which were also injected by CCI4 3 times for 4 weeks. The activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) in serum in NC was higher than in N as we expected. The GPT activites and the values of malondial-dehyde(MDA) of IS groups were all lower than in NC, IC as lowest. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in NC was higher than in N and IS groups had values less than the values of N. Catalase showed similarity in results as above. The values of glutathione S-transferase(GST) and cytochrome P-450 in NC were lower than in N. IS groups had higher values than in NC. Godulbaegi might be important not only as one of the traditional Korean foods but also as therapeutic agent for hepatotoxicity and for shortening the recovery time in liver disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.349-363
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• 2000

Objectives : Generally, it seemed that the therapeutic result in diabetic patients was changed by compliance. This study was conducted on the basis of assumption that the therapeutic result id diabetic patients could control according to compliance. This study was conducted to analyze the related factors in association with compliance to drug, diet and exercise therapy. Methods : 224 diabetic patients in Kyungpook National University Hospital were selected through the interviews and HbA1c values from 1 Jan. to 28 Feb.1997. The drug compliance was tested by regularity of drug administration, the diet compliance was tested by restriction of food, exactly allocation, balance of nutrient, measuring food and the exercise compliance was tested by regularity of exercise per day. We assessed compliance by percentage, $x^2-test$ and generalized logit regression model(method:enter). Results : The significant variable was the satisfaction to medical personnels in drug, the knowledge to disease in diet, the participation of the diabetic education in exercise therapy and the satisfaction to medical personnels in HbA1c. Using the generalized logit model(method : enter) in compliance change, the significant variables were the satisfaction to medical personnels and the complication in drug; the significant variables were the age at the first diagnosis, the family history, the concern of health, the knowledge of disease, the self-exertion for therapy and the complication in diet: the only significant variable was the gender in exercise therapy. Conclusions : The degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients was influenced by compliance. In order to improve patient's compliance, we must foster the knowledge on the diseases, lead participation for diabetic education. Because the satisfaction to medical personnels was the important variables, we must build up good relationship between doctors and patients.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.85-109
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• 2009

Objective & Methods : The present study was to investigate the effect of Moutan Cortex Radicis Herbal-acupuncture (MCR-HA) at GB34 (Yangleungchean) on hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis induced by high fat diet in rats. Results : 1. Moutan Cortex Radicis herbal-acupuncture infusion solution (MCR-HAS) increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition rate in rat liver cells. 2. MCR-HA at GB34 decreased serum total cholesterol level, and increased serum phospholipid/total cholesterol in rats with high fat diet. 3. MCR-HA at GB34 decreased atherogenic index in rats with high fat diet. 4. MCR-HA at GB34 increased hepatic catalase activity in rats with high fat diet. Conclusion : These results suggested that Moutan Cortex Radicis herbal-acupuncture at GB34 has therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia and related complications in rats with high fat diet.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1997

The hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects of Polygonatum odoratum in non-insulin dependent diabetes metlitus (NIDDM) patients were investigated in this study. Sixty five NIDDM patients were divided into two groups: hospital diet (HD), Polygonatum odorat um diet (PD). HD group was provided with the diabetic diet used in a hospital and PD group consumed the Polygonatum odoratum added to the HD. The index of obesity, the level of fasting blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), fasting and postprandial blood glucose of NIDDM patients of the PD group were significantly lowered after the experimental period of 4 weeks. The levels of the plasma glucose, lipid and index of obesity was measured. The tendency of elevating the level of HDL-cholesterol and lowering the levels of triglyceride, LDL-cholesternl and total cholesternl were also noticed in NIDDM patients of the PD group. The results showed that Polygonatutn odoratum could be an important dietary source to control hyperglycemia and hypertension and that the plant could be recommended as a preventive or therapeutic agent for NIDDM patients.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.405-416
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore health behavior and perception of therapeutic restrictions in chronically ill children and their parents in Korea. Method: Nine children with chronic disease and of six of their parents were interviewed using semi-structured a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using explorative content analysis. Results: Health behaviors related to therapeutic restrictions was classified into four domains, and the perceptions of therapeutic restrictions into two domains. The domains regarding compliance in health behavior with therapeutic restrictions included control-centered restrictions (maintaining food limitations, avoiding harmful environments, restriction on physical activity, restriction on social activity, restriction on learning activity), and everyday pursuit of balance(preference for healthy diet, maintaining a regular life style, maintaining a standard body weight, pursuing psychological well-being, family participation). Domains regarding perception of therapeutic restrictions included obstacles to growth and development (bridled life, opportunity deprivation, prevented from playing proper role), origin of conflict (tenacity, conflict, stressor, cover-up), task for normal life (doing proper duty), and everyday affairs (becoming ordinary, familiarity). Conclusion: This study will help to enhance understanding the behavior and perception of therapeutic restrictions by chronically ill children and their families and to establish educational programs and counseling for these children and their families.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.11
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• pp.1152-1157
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• 2006

Inherited metabolic disease is rare disorders that show symptoms mainly in pediatric age and early treatment is important for preventing complications of the disease. Recent development in molecular and biochemical techniques help clinicians with proper diagnosis of patients, however, many of the disease still remain lack of effective therapeutic strategies. Better understanding on biochemical and molecular basis of pathogenesis of the disease combined with advanced medical care would provide new sight on the disease that can also improve the quality of life and long-term prognosis of patients. Traditionally, there are several modalities in the treatment of metabolic diseases depend on the biochemical basis of the disease such as diet restriction, removing or blocking the production of toxic metabolites, and stimulating residual enzyme activity. The inherited metabolic disease is not familiar for many clinicians because the diagnosis is troublesome, treatment is complicated and prognosis may not as good as expected in other diseases. Recently, new therapeutic regimens have been introduced that can significantly improve the medical care of patients with metabolic disease. Enzyme replacement therapy has showed promising efficacy for lysosomal storage disease, bone marrow transplantation is effective in some disease and gene therapy has been trying for different diseases. The new trials for treatment of the disease will give us promising insight on the disease and most clinicians should have more interest in medical progress of the metabolic disease.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.356-361
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• 1998

An experiment was performed to determine if buckwheat intake would improve insulin sensitivity in in normal healthy ras and steptozoticin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dauley rats. For four weeks, rats were fed either corn starch as a cotnrol diet or buckwheat as an experimental diet. As a result, the insulin sensitivity and plasma glucose levels in normal rats were not significantly affected by buckwheat fedding. The insulin sensitivity was lower in diabetic rats than in normal rats(p<0.05). Buckwheat tends to decrease the final plasma glucose level and increase insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats, but there was no sifnificant difference. Another five-week experiment was conducted to determine protein digestibility and protein utility in normal healty rats ad streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats on a control diet or buckwheat diet. The diet composition in this experiment was the same as the preceeding experiment. In the cotnrol diet groups, the protein digestibility in diabetic rats was significantly lower than that in normal rats(p<0.05). Buckwheat reduced protein digestibility in both normal and disbetic rats(p<0.05). Interestingly, in buckwheat diet groups, protei digestibility in diabetic rats was similar to that in normal rats. Protein utility was significantly lower indiabetic rats than in normal rats. This phenomenon was observed as early as the first week of the feeding period. However, protein utility was not sifnificanlty altered in both normal and diabetic rats by buckwheat feeding. It follows that decreased protein digestibility and utility in diabetic rts are not further aggravated by buckwheat feeding, suggesting that buckwheat can be a feasible supplement food for the diabetic therapeutic diet.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.298-306
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a global health problem of significant importance which increases mortality. In place of anti-obesity drugs, natural products are being developed as alternative therapeutic materials. In this study, we investigated the effect of Brassica juncea L. leaf extract (BLE) on fat deposition and lipid profiles in high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFC)-induced obese rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) according to diet: normal diet group (ND), high-fat/high-cholesterol diet group (HFC), HFC with 3% BLE diet group (HFC-A1), and HFC with 5% BLE diet group (HFC-A2). Each group was fed for 6 weeks. Rat body and adipose tissue weights, serum biochemical parameters, and tissue lipid contents were determined. The expression levels of mRNA and proteins involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS: The HFC-A2 group showed significantly lower body weight gain and food efficiency ratio than the HFC group. BLE supplementation caused mesenteric, epididymal, and total adipose tissue weights to decrease. The serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased in rats fed BLE. These results were related to lower glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, acetyl-coA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase mRNA expression, and to higher expression of the cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase and low density lipoprotein-receptor, as well as increased protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$. Histological analysis of the liver revealed decreased lipid droplets in HFC rats treated with BLE. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation of HFC with 3% or 5% BLE inhibited body fat accumulation, improved lipid profiles, and modulated lipogenesis- and cholesterol metabolism-related gene and protein expression.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.274-280
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• 2019

Objectives : This preliminary study investigated the effect of acupuncture treatment on short-term ketogenic diet-induced weight loss and glucose intolerance in mice. Methods : Six-week old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups: normal, KD, and KD+ACU. All the mice except normal group were fed with ketogenic diet formula for 7 weeks and mice in KD+ACU group received acupuncture treatment three times a week. Body weights were measured three times a week, and glucose level was measured on week 1,3,5, and 7. Ketone level was measured on week 3,5, and 7. Results : Ketogenic diet showed short-term weight loss effect, however, acupuncture treatment did not affect on the weight loss. Ketone level was increased in KD fed mice compared to normal diet fed mice and the level was decreased in KD+ACU group on week 3. However, the change was not significantly different compared to KD group on week 7. Glucose intolerance was improved in KD+ACU group compared to KD group. Conclusions : Acupuncture treatment was effective in relieving glucose intolerance, and the results suggest that combining acupuncture treatment with ketogenic diet may complement each therapeutic intervention by improving glucose intolerance but not effecting on weight loss. This study provides meaningful evidence as a preliminary study of acupuncture treatment on ketogenic diet.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.350-361
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• 2020

Background: Black ginseng (BG) is a type of Korean ginseng prepared by steaming and drying raw ginseng to improve the saponin content. This study examined the effects of BG on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in HepG2 cells and diet-induced obese mice. Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with free fatty acids to induce lipid accumulation before supplementation with BG. NAFLD-induced mice were fed different doses (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) of BG for 8 weeks. Results: BG significantly reduced lipid accumulation and expression of lipogenic genes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, and fatty acid synthase in HepG2 cells, and the livers of mice fed a 45% high-fat diet with 10% fructose in the drinking water (HFHF diet). BG supplementation caused a significant reduction in levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, while antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly increased in 45% high-fat diet with 10% fructose in the drinking water diet-fed mice. Expression of proliferator-activated receptor alpha and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I were upregulated at the transcription and translation levels in both HepG2 cells and diet-induced obese mice. Furthermore, BG-induced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl CoA carboxylase in both models, suggesting its role in AMP-activated protein kinase activation and the acetyl CoA carboxylase signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our results indicate that BG may be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of NAFLD.