• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.722-732
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• 2021

Purpose: Due to the coronavirus infection-19 (COVID) pendemics, all educational institutions were required to provide full non-face-to-face real-time education, and fire officials were required to provide fire-fighting education by applying non-face-to-face education. In this difficult situation, the National Fire Service Academy tries to find the direction of the non-face-to-face real-time education and suggest ways to improve it through a survey of the status of non-face-to-face real-time education conducted by the NFSA to fire officials. Method: A survey was conducted on fire officials under the theme of "Consciousness Survey for Improving the Quality and Specialization of Non-face-to-face Real-Time Remote Education" and an in-depth analysis was conducted based on the results. Result & Conclusion: First, professors or educational operators shall actively utilize remote education programs suitable for educational characteristics by utilizing various programs. Second, a dedicated notebook for non-face-to-face training should be provided to provide an educational environment where all learners can participate in the training without difficulty. Third, in the case of education and training that requires the use of equipment due to the nature of fire officials' education and training, it is necessary to consider it as a non-face-to-face training place by arranging educational equipment at each fire station. Fourth, it is hard to expect a satisfactory educational effect to cope with practical education with theoretical education. Therefore, facilities and programs that enable non-face-to-face real-time hands-on training should be developed. It is worth considering the proper combination of face-to-face education while maintaining the social distance as much as possible until such non-face-to-face training is possible. Fifth, non-face-to-face education is considered to have high eye fatigue due to the light and electromagnetic waves of the computer screen, and as time goes by, the concentration level decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to form an education time to reduce the eye fatigue of learners and increase concentration through proper class and rest time. Finally, professors should operate a learner participation-oriented education that allows professors and learners to interact rather than one-sided knowledge transfer education. In addition, technical problems of non-face-to-face remote education should be thoroughly prepared through preliminary system checks to ensure that education is not disrupted.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.49-63
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• 2021

The Forest Visitor Centers for Little Children who means preschoolers is an educational facility that achieves holistic growth by experiencing forests, and it should not be completed by installing specific facilities in the forest environment, but should be a space where preschoolers can play freely in the forest environment themselves. This study comprehensively evaluated the current status of Seoul Forest Visitor Centers for Little Children and suggested space improvement measures to enhance the effectiveness of forest experience. Through the theoretical review, seven spatial elements that enhance the effect of forest experience and six areas composing outdoor play areas were derived to prepare an analysis table for current status evaluation, and field survey studies were conducted on 24 centers in Seoul. Through expert interviews, the physical status was examined from the perspective of childhood education and the experiences of the users were summarized. As a result of the study, the Seoul Forest Visitor Center for Little Children is classified into six types according to the location characteristics and spatial structure, and has the characteristics of each type. The effectiveness of forest experience can be enhanced by identifying and revealing the environmental strengths of individual centers. In the case of outdoor experience learning zones, the proportion of exercise play areas was very large. By evenly organizing the forest experience space for each area, it will be possible to provide more diverse experiences to preschoolers. However, the status of uniform facility-oriented cannot be viewed as a fragmentary factor that lowers the effect of forest experience. The key to increasing the effect of forest experience by inducing creative activities is the spatial composition that considers the surrounding natural environment. Facilities should be a medium to help preschoolers' interest move into the forest. This study prepared data to understand the average physical status of the Seoul Forest Visitor Center for Little Children and suggested space improvement measures to increase the effectiveness of forest experience. This can be used as basic data for research to improve the quality level of the Seoul Forest Visitor Center for Little Children about 10 years after the project was implemented.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2022

In this study, details of NRC beam-column connections were developed in which beam and columns pre-assembled in factories using steel angles were bolted on site. The developed joint details are NRC-J type and NRC-JD type. NRC-J type is a method of tensile joining with TS bolts to the side and lower surfaces of the side plate of the NRC column and the end plate of the NRC beam. NRC-JD type has a rigid joint with high-strength bolts between the NRC beam and the side of the NRC column for shear, and with lap splices of reinforcing bar penetrating the joint and the beam main reinforcement for bending. For the seismic performance evaluation of the joint, three specimens were tested: an NRC-J specimen and NRC-JD specimen with NRC beam-column joint details, and an RC-J specimen with RC beam-column joint detail. As a result of the repeated lateral load test, the final failure mode of all specimens was the bending fracture of the beam at the beam-column interface. Compared to the RC-J specimen, the maximum strength of the specimen by the positive force was 10.1% and 29.6% higher in the NRC-J specimen and the NRC-JD specimen, respectively. Both NRC joint details were evaluated to secure ductility of 0.03 rad or more, the minimum total inter-story displacement angle required for the composite intermediate moment frame according to the KDS standard (KDS 41 31 00). At the slope by relative storey displacemet of 5.7%, the NRC-J specimen and the NRC-JD specimen had about 34.8% and 61.1% greater cumulative energy dissipation capacity than the RC specimen. The experimental strength of the NRC beam-column connection was evaluated to be 30% to 53% greater than the theoretical strength according to the KDS standard formula, and the standard formula evaluated the joint performance as a safety side.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.85-105
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• 2021

In this study, a case study was conducted on Advanced Nano Products Co.,Ltd, a company that was established in 2000 and has the core technology to produce and commercialize nano materials and ultrafine nano powders based on nano technology. Deviating from the general case study, a case study analysis frame was set based on the theory of technology management and industry-university cooperation theory, and cases were analyzed. In this case study, Advanced Nano Products Co.,Ltd. was analyzed from two analytical perspectives: the establishment of a Management Of Technology system within the company and the Industry-Academic Cooperation activity. Based on this theoretical-based analysis framework, company visit interviews and related data research and analysis were conducted. As a result of the study of the case company, it was possible to derive how the technology management and industry-university cooperation affect the growth stage of the company as follows. First, the strategic use of technology management is an important factor in strengthening the competitive advantage and core competencies of venture companies, and for survival and growth of startups in the early stages. Second, strategic use of technology management and patents and establishment of a patent management system are a part of business strategy and play a pivotal role in corporate performance. Third, the human and material infrastructure of universities affects the growth of companies in the early stage of start-up, and the high utilization of industry-university cooperation promotes the growth of companies. Fourth, continuous industry-academic cooperation activities in the growth and maturity stages of a company's growth stage are the basis for activating external exchanges and building networks. Lastly, technology management and industry-university cooperation were found to be growth factors for each growth stage of a company. In order for a company to develop continuously from the start-up to the growth and maturity stages, it is necessary to establish a technology management system from the beginning and promote strategic technology management activities. In addition, it can be said that it is important to carry out various industry-academic cooperation activities outside the company. As a result of the case analysis, it was found that Advanced Nano Products Co.,Ltd, which performed these two major activities well, overcame the crisis step by step and continued to grow until now. This study shows how the use of technology management and industry-academic cooperation creates value in each growth stage of technology-based venture companies. In addition, its active use will play a big role in the growth of other venture companies. The results of this case study can be a valid reference for growth research of technology start-up venture companies and related field application and utilization.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.55-72
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• 2021

This study aims to research the influences of the discrimination of internet media and one-person media environment, especially, the one-person media creators leading the mobile media that could be accessed and viewed anywhere, on the user attitude and continuous subscription intention. Especially, this study aimed to understand the current situation of one-person media market represented as YouTube, to explore the relationship and ecology between each subject and elements composing the media market, and also to understand the mediating effects of the characteristics of YouTube creators on the relation between contents involvement and user attitude, and the relation between user attitude and subscription intention, and the mediating effects of contents involvement on the relation between characteristics of creators and user attitude. As research methods, first, for the theoretical establishment, this study collected, conducted, and organized the published domestic/foreign theses/journal papers. For the objective validity and verification of the established research model, a survey was conducted targeting adult men and women currently watching YouTube, and then the empirical analysis was performed through the final effective samples. And the results of this study are as follows. First, the playfulness and reliability on the relation between characteristics of creators and contents involvement were not significant while the professionalism was significant. Second, the professionalism on the relation between characteristics of creators and user attitude was not significant while the playfulness and reliability were significant. Third, the relation between contents involvement and user attitude was significant. Fourth, the relation between user attitude and subscription intention was also significant. Also, in the results of verifying the mediating effects of contents involvement, the contents involvement completely mediated the relation between characteristics(playfulness, reliability, and professionalism) of creators and user attitude. And in the conclusion, this study presented the implications and suggestions for further researches in the future.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2022

As Asia's leading advanced country, Korea has an absolute advantage over foreign trade routes and maritime economies over inland countries. Following the change in social background, the original port area is for various reasons, and some ills are gradually revealing people's private interests. Due to this, it is the economic interest and future development space of the marine industry cluster in the port area that are directly affected and damaged. This study studied the relationship between marine industry clusters and port urban regeneration. It is intended to present the necessity and importance of activating the marine industry cluster through port urban regeneration while analyzing the regenerative design from the quantitative analysis angle. Therefore, first of all, the theoretical backgrounds were considered, and the cases of port cities that did well worldwide were analyzed according to the current status of the northern port of Busan, the research target site, through analysis. In addition, in order to increase the reliability of this study, the data of marine industry clusters and port city regeneration were reviewed using empirical analysis. Looking at the results of this study's case study and empirical analysis, it is a relationship that actually improved and interacted between the marine industry cluster and the port city regeneration. Through the study, it is expected that the Busan North Port Redevelopment Project will be promoted at the design, environmental, and economic level, and at the same time, it will be able to enhance its status as a marine city in Busan. The results show that, no matter which country or port city, the development of economy, society, culture and will inevitably promote the vigorous development of the marine industrial cluster, also, the port area development to a certain degree. will naturally the physical conditions of regional development obstacle through the port city of regeneration. This promotion will overcome.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.19-30
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• 2020

Maker education started on the basis of the maker movement in which makers gathered in makerspace share their activities and experiences, and the educational value pursued in maker education is based on the constructivist paradigm. The purpose of this study is to present maker education components to be used in school education, focus on the characteristics and educational values of maker education, and explore ways to use them. To this end, this study explored the theoretical grounds to re-conceptualize maker education, drew statements based on in-depth interview data of teachers conducting maker education classes, and reviewed its validity through experts. Based on these statements, by deriving the components for the use of maker education, the direction of maker education in school education was set, and an example framework that could be used in subject class and creative experiential learning was proposed. Research shows that in maker education, makers cooperate to carry out activities, share ideas with others and try to improve them, and include self-direction such as learning, tinkering, design thinking, sharing and reflection. can see. In addition, maker education emphasizes experiential learning that can solve real problems that students face, rather than confining specific activities to student choices as needed. It emphasizes the learner's course of action rather than the outcome of the activity, tolerates the learner's failure, and emphasizes the role of the teacher as a facilitator to promote re-challenge. In the future, it can be used in various ways in each subject (curriculum expert, teaching/learning expert, elementary and middle school teachers, parents, local educators, etc.) and school activities, and it will contribute to setting future research directions as a basic research for school maker education.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.58
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• pp.5-47
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• 2021

This paper is a story about five middle-aged men in their 50s who suddenly began their photographic activities as they reached middle age. In the perspective of Borudieu's cultural capital theory, this study observes five men in their 50s by implementing in-depth interviews about the motivation behind taking photographs, the experience of photography activities, and the rewards of these activities. The theory has undergone a theoretical revision with the criticism that factors other than the class can be influential. Based on these ideas, I have proceeded my study by preferentially grasping the notion of the 'field' in accordance with the specific history of Korean society. Therefore, this study sought to more specifically understand the various photographic activities of middle-class men in their 50s by referring Coskuner-Balli and Thompson's argument(2013), which revised 2018's cultural captial theory and proposed the concept of 'subordinate cultural capital' and 'leisure capital' who proposed by Backlund, E. A. & Kuentzel, W. F.(2013). As a middle-class men in their 50s, research participants have grown up and worked in a social atmosphere where economic capital is recognized as an individual's ability. However, they are faced with the value that the knowledge and taste towards culture and arts is one's identity. In addition to the subjective deprivation that arises from this situation, the lifespan characteristic of their age that it is on the brink of the old age appeared to have influenced them to put their psychological motivation immediately into practice. Economic capital was the main conversion terms to move form interest to practice, which includes 'time' as a resource as well as money. With the cultural practices being expanded since their creation of photographs, the reason that these expansions can be maintained more actively lies in their identity as 'cultural artist' that is consolidated in new relationships in the sharing of photographic activities. In this way, photographic activities grant a symbolic status of 'a middle-aged man who actively builds and expresses his identity' through the conversion of accumulating cultural capital and the conversion into social capital. Furthermore, the recognized scope of the symbolic capital acquired by the research participants is in the domain of the private life that is family and acquaintance. Especially, they were gaining a great psychological reward from their children's recognition that they are not just a 'breadwinner' but 'dad who cultivates himself with a culture and arts'. Accordingly, by considering that 'generation' other than class can be a meaningful discussion point when understanding Korea society from the perspective of cultural theory, this study is meaningful that a more flexible understanding of cultural theory can give a glimpse into the possibility of a more specific and diverse approach that will arise in the discussion of culture and arts education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.77-96
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• 2022

This study investigated how collaborative reflection between novice secondary science teachers promoted the development of teaching professionalism. We intentionally selected research participants who shared sufficient rapport. Data were collected by videotaping the classes taught by participants, pre-talk, post-interviews and nine collaborative reflection processes. All data were transcribed and analyzed. Results indicated that all three teachers showed changes in teaching practice. Minyoung's practice involved a teacher-led lecture, but through collaborative reflection, she could create a learning environment to enhance students' power and ownership in her class. Emphasizing academic rigor, Soyoung used to teach content outside the scope of the curriculum, but through collaborative reflection, she became more considerate of students' understanding. Finally, in Jiyeon's classes inquiry activities and theoretical explanations were separated from each other. However, she repeated her efforts to improve her class after collaborative reflection, allowing students to construct explanations through activities. In this study, three factors that promoted the development of teachers' pedagogical content knowledge through collaborative reflection were identified. First, the different teaching orientations of the three teachers who participated in this study, promoted sharing of opinions through collaborative reflection. Second, reflection based on teaching practice enabled practical feedback on the class, which enhanced the development of teachers' pedagogical content knowledge. Third, the equal status and formation of rapport between the three teachers created an environment for productive reflection. These results suggest that future teacher education programs should target communities that can promote collaborative reflection based on teachers' teaching practice.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.259-270
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• 1985

Meteorological year variations for rice crop from 1973 to 1984 were compared by using air temperature and sunshine hour for nursery period, cooling index for reproductive stage and meteorological yield productivity index for ripening period. The most optimum transplanting date and heading date for crop yield based on real transplanting date-grain yield relationship or heading date-grain yield relationship, meteorological yield productivity index and actual results showed good agreement each other. Around May 26 for transplanting and August 10 for heading were the most optimum date in Indica/Japonica hybrid cultivars while these were about June 8 and August 23 for Japonica cultivars, respectively. On the other hand, theoretical late limiting heading date for safe ripening were August 20 for Indica/Japonica hybrid cultivars and August 30 for Japonica cultivars, respectively, for both methods, cumulative temperature method during ripening with 80% believable frequency and meteorological yield productive index method having 1000(kg/10a) yielding potential. Based on the yield forecast trial, the highest values of photosynthetic efficiency, 2.5%, and crop growth rate, 23g/㎡/day, were recorded during 30 days before rice heading. Considering the photosynthetic efficiency and solar radiation, the potential crop growth rate was more or less 30g/㎡/day and the biological grain yielding potential in a existing cultural practices was approximately 900-1000(kg/10a) in Milyang weather condition. To increase further yielding potential, either photosynthetic efficiency or harvest index or both should be improved by manipulating appropriate canopy architecture, plant spacing, fertilizer, chemical, etc.