• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.78-90
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to propose ways of promoting medical tourism in Busan. For the purpose, this researcher made a questionnaire survey of Japanese tourists who used in Busan International Ferry Terminal between January and April 30, 2008. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows. 86.3% of all respondents had never experienced any medical service in Korea. 57.3% said that the most important thing is the level of medical technology. Most of respondents preferred massage treatment using spa and sea water, followed by Oriental medical services. To make medical conditions(price competitiveness, high-level medical technology, high-quality medical facilities) of Busan properly informed to the outside, it is required to make the city itself more internationally recognized through public relations and strengthening individual medical services provided in the city. It is also required to build up a non-stop service system that helps foreign tourists not only easily use medical institutions, but also better cope with a variety of problems that they might face during stay in the city. To be more trustable to foreign patients, medical services of Busan should be certified by JCI. Furthermore, it is very much needed to develop products which connect medicine with tourism, for example, such programs that combine medical services, tourism, recreation and leisure.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Background: There are few previous studies investigating the relationship of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) with dental pain among children and adolescents. To address this issue, we examined the literature published between November 1873 and May 2015 to evaluate the prevalence of DFA and dental pain among children and adolescents, and their relationships with age and sex. Methods: We performed a broad search of the PubMed database using 3 combinations of the search terms dental fear, anxiety, and dental pain and prevalence. A large proportion of the identified articles could not be used for the review due to inadequate end points or measures, or because of poor study design. Thirty-two papers of acceptable quality were identified and reviewed. Results: We found that the prevalence of DFA was estimated to be 10%, with a decrease in prevalence with age. It was more frequently seen in girls, and was related to dental pain. Conclusions: We concluded that dental fear, anxiety, and pain are common, and several psychological factors are associated with their development. In order to better understand these relationships, further clinical evaluations and studies are required.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1099-1103
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• 2016

The user's secret key can be retrieved by the leakage informations of power consumption occurred during the execution of scalar multiplication for elliptic curve cryptographic algorithm which can be embedded on a security device. Recently, a carry random recoding method is proposed to prevent simple power and differential power analysis attack by recoding the secret key. In this paper, we show that this recoding method is still vulnerable to the differential power analysis attack due to the limitation of the size of carry bits, which is a different from the original claim.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.107-139
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• 1997

다른 금융산업과 마찬가지로 생명보험산업의 효율성에 대한 실증연구는 두 가지 문제에 봉착하게 된다. 하나는 효율성을 실증적으로 추정하는 다양한 추정방법은 일관되게 동일한 결과를 도출하는가 하는 것이며 다른 문제는 효율성추정에 사용된 생산물정의에서 어떤 대리변수를 사용하는 것이 가장 좋으냐 하는 것이다. Yuengert(1993)은 미국 생보산업 전체의 효율성과 추정방법간의 관계를 보고하였는데 본 연구는 추정방법 뿐만 아니라 생보산업 생산물의 정의에 따라 개별생보사의 효율성지수가 차이가 있다는 것을 248개의 미국 생명보험희사를 대상으로 검증하였다. 본 논문에서는 계량 경제학적 방법중 널리 사용되는 SFA(stochastic frontier approach)중에서 비효율성이 half-normal, truncated normal, exponential 분포라고 한 방법들과 비분포방법(DFA: distribution free approach)을 사용하였다. 또 각 방법마다 거수보험료(premiums)와 claims-plus-reserve라는 새로운 생산물 대리변수로 사용하여 효율성을 측정하였다. 그리하여 총 8가지의 다른 방법으로 추정한 효율성지수를 비교, 분석하였다. 연구결과 표1과 2에서 나타난 바와 같이 SFA방법(1, 3, 5번)간에는 결과가 거의 일치하였고 같은 추정방법에서 생산물 대리변수가 다른 경우에도(1과2, 3과4, 5와6, 7과8) 결과는 큰 차이가 없었다. 이는 생보산업에서 거수보험료를 생산물 대리변수로 하는 것이 이론적 문제가 있음에도 불구하고 구조적 편견(systematic bias)은 나타나지 않았다는 Suret(1991)의 결과를 지지하고 있다. DFA방법(7과 8번)과 SFA방법(1-6번)간에는 상관계수는 낮게 나타났는데 이는 생보산업의 효율성을 각각 DFA와 SPA방법을 사용한 두 연구(Gardner and Grace, 1993; Zi, 1994) 결과의 차이와 일치하고 있다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 무선 인터넷에 관한 관련 기술을 이용하여 분산 데이터 동기화 표준인 SyncML을 통해 무선 인터터넷 환경에서의 실제적으로 응용 가능한 영업 사원의 업무 자동화 (SPA : Sails Force Automation) 솔루션을 무선디바이스인 PHOPNE 과 PDA 에서 운영할 수 있는 최적 동기화 모듈의 설계와 구현에 목적이 있다. 본고에서는 무선 인터넷 기술, 동기화 기술, 영업사원의 업무 자동화 기술에 언급하고 세 가지 기술을 이용하여 실질적으로 물류, 유통 업무에 사용 할 수 있게 객체 지향 설계 방법과 소스를 분석하여 최적화된 시스템을 도출하고 그것을 통해 무선단에서 경량화된 동기화 최적의 시스템을 설계, 구현하였다. 무선단에서 여러 제약 사항 특히 데이터의 관리에 있어서의 문제점을 동기화 기술을 통해 많은 데이터를 효과적으로 관리함으로써 대용량의 데이터베이스와 디바이스에 상관없이 분산 데이터 일관성과 통합관리 기능을 유지하고 무선단에서 지연성(disconnection)에 대한 신뢰성을 유지 할 수 있는 시스템을 분석과 설계를 통해 객체지향적인 방법으로 고려해서 시스템을 구축하였다.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 1995

The presentation of the method by which the furniture and the architecture can be unified in one category, and the study and the verification on the mutual relation in the shape and the function are having been consistently made till the late twenties. The change of the social structure such as increasing the unit dwelling space with the small scale comes to need the efficiency in using space and the open dwelling space by the systematic spa-cial formation. Therefore, the understanding of the mean-ing and the characteristics of system furnitures as the design method which can meet such needs will be made here in this study. The application of the systematic consideration as the method of interior design means the formation of the firm image on the spacial environment through the mix-ture and link of the heterogeneous factors, the organic connection of each surface, the establishment of the natu-ral relation by linking the heterogeneous materials mutu-ally. and the easiness of the entire plan in the end. This study aims at analyzing and studying the typical charac-teristics by understanding the historical background and methodical principle which enabled the appearance of this kind of thought, and the adapted cases of the wood and metal material system furniture. There may be difference between the structural sub-stance and formative consideration. Transformative furni-ture which consists of the factors is the concept for the encrease of the multi purpose value by mixing the unit cabinets. One system can be separated horizontally, verti-cally, and to the drawers, and it gives us the disengage-ment from the artificial environment, since all the heights and width can be transformed as per each situa-tion of the space. The factors which can not be found in the other existing furniture are as follows. 1. disengagement from the artificial environment. 2. establishing the new productiosn trend as freed from the customers' fashion trend. 3. presenting the producing condition which leads the exact technology. 4. flexibility of the furniture which enables the reduction and enlargement in each situation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.457-463
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• 1996

An esthetically pleasing result in denture service is dependent upon several consideration. Esthetic considerations for the edentulous patient include tooth size, shape, arrangement, positioning, gingival contour, age, sex, personality differences, and ethnic type. Especially, the form of anterior artificial teeth is an important factor on the esthetics. The selection of artificaial teeth requires understanding and knowledge on physical and biologic factors and has to meet the indivisul esthetics and functional needs of each patient. However, the selection of artificial teeth is based on the large degree of subjective judgement of the dentist, Therefore, this is one of the most unscientific processes. Many attempts have been made to find a guideline for the selection of artificial teeth. Temperamental theory by White and Hall utillized with the physical characteristics such as body size, body form, color of eyes and hair, and disposition. SPA theory by Frush and Fisher utilized with the basis of sex, personalities, and age of the indivisual. There has not been provided for a guideline and study on the selection of artificial teeth for Koreans yet. This study was aimed to evaluate the William's typal matching theory in Koreans. 1. The facial forms of korean adult were ovoid(46.3%), square(36.7%) and tapered(17.0%) form. 2. The anatomic forms of natural maxillary incisors were ovoid(45.3%), tapered(31.3%), square(23.3%) form. 3. The forms of face and natural maxillary incisors were ovoid(21.9%), squared(11%), tapered(6.3%). 4. The natural maxillary incisors were similar in form to the facial form only in 39%. There was no correlation between the form of the face and the form of natural maxillary central inisors in Koreans. 5. Artificaial teeth which was selected according to the typal matching theory did not represent the form of the natural teeth in 61 per cents of the fatal, but it felt that they harmonized with the form of the patient's face and produced good results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1150-1163
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• 2016

This study makes use of meta-analysis to statistically integrate the quantitative results of individual research on the influence of fashion product attributes on purchase; in addition, this study utilizes the effect sizes of correlation coefficients. This study was based on 24 individual studies from January 2000 to March 2015. The meta-analysis analyzed 91 effect sizes and 24 studies and calculated the correlation coefficient effect sizes. A random effect model was employed for meta-analysis because the results for the homogeneity test indicated that the effect sizes of each research were heterogeneous. The analysis results are as follows. First, when the total effect sizes of the fashion product attributes that influence clothing purchase decisions were calculated as .256; this indicated that the effect size is slightly below the mid-sized level. Second, upon examining the effect sizes of the categorized fashion product attributes, the intrinsic attributes yielded .222, extrinsic factors yielded .235, and the compiled attributes yielded .420; this demonstrated that the compiled attributes have a larger effect size than individual attributes. Third, when they were measured by the characteristics of study targets, they were larger for a mixed-gender group than women as well as for ordinary citizens than university students. When the effect sizes were measured based on the characteristics of fashion products as suggested in the study, there were significant differences with respect to sportswear, followed by SPA brand clothing, general clothing, fashion accessories, and designer clothing. The cases where the clothing were purchased in non-retail stores were found to have a slightly larger effect size than those of offline retail stores when the effect sizes were measured based on purchase routes; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Next, an investigation of the trend of effect sizes based on published year via the meta regression analysis indicated slightly larger effect sizes as shown in more recent publications, but this was not statistically significant.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.137-156
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the general status of wearing clothes and clothing purchase of middle-aged women in the 40's to 50's, the patterns and colors of clothes they prefer, clothing preference related with fitting or such, and also complaints. And this paper also divides the middle-aged women into those in the 40's and 50's to analyze how they differ in terms of the apparel brands and fitting they prefer and also the status of wearing clothes. For the research, a survey was performed to 350 women, and the survey data went through x2 and t-test analysis by using SPSS 20.0 to examine significant difference. The results of this study are as follows: the women in the 40's included as the subjects showed a high frequency of clothing purchase from casual brands or SPA brands and regarded design to be important at the clothing purchase. Meanwhile, the women in the 50's indicated a higher frequency of clothing purchase of middle-aged women's apparel brands, outdoor brands, madam clothes, or designer brands and thought activity to be crucial at the clothing purchase. As the women in the 40's and 50's showed difference in the brands they preferred, particularly the fitting indicated difference in terms of dissatisfaction. While those in the 40's preferring and buying young casual showed particularly more fitting problems in the arm-hole girth, upper arm circumference, bust size, and thigh or hip area, those in the 50's indicated fitting problems in the hip circumference or waist measurement. It is expected that this study will be used as foundational data to set up the target age by related apparel companies or develop clothes with great size fitting and design satisfaction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.6
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• pp.21-27
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• 1995

After the rapid growth of economics in South Korea 1960'1, the number of workers in the whole land in-creased day after day along with the growth of industry. As the growth of the third industry occurred quite rapid-ly, the rate of office workers went up high. Accordingly the business office has been changed the primary work-ing space and recognized the main space as much as the living space. As a result of conceptual change about working place, the business office has an important ef-fect on worker's liberal and psychological environment. In order to provide the office workers with the office work-ers with the suitable and convenient working environ-ment, Socio-psychological factors were first considered at the first stage of construction planning. In this paper, I would understand both how office workers take up their attitudes of Socio-psychological point according to the office type and what they claim for their office environment. This understanding offers us fundamental data in office plan. This paper starting from this purpose got the following conclusions. *Office workers are violated their hearing privacies rather than their visual privacies. They are dissatisfied with ensuring their own spaces and satisfied with their nature of domain. *In the feeling of satisfaction by office type, they are on the whole satisfied with their hearing privacies, their visual privacies, their own space, and the nature of do-main in the closed type and mixed type offices. In open type offices, their visual privacy is often violated. *In the property by individual, men feel more violated their hearing privacies than women. In the personal spa-se and domain, women are less stabilized psycholo-gically than men. *The analysis of the attitude by position, a man of po-sition is more violated his hearing privacy and does not understand each other. The common run of workers are violated their visual privacies and the nature of separa-tion.