• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.3
• /
• pp.117-144
• /
• 2000

Not only has there been movement along the sectoral continuum, Johnston argues, but changes in the spatial balance of policing are also visible. More concretely, he suggests that British policing has been undergoing a century-long process that has gathered pace since the 1960s. Three factors have been central to this process. First, legislative centralization brought about by the Police Act 1964 - which established the tripartite structure for police governance and amalgamated forces - and the Local Government Act 1972 which reorganized local government. Secondly, the political and industrial unrest of the 1970s and early 1980s led to the establishment of new levels of national police co-operation and, in the words of one author, to the establishment of a 'de facto national police force'. Thirdly, increasing European influence has further internationalized police co-operation and organization. Johnston concludes that the spatial restructuring that appears to be taking place in British policing is indicative of a broader process of fragmentation of social structures and systems for maintaining order.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.1683-1693
• /
• 2007

Urban has been operating Korail and the local autonomous entity in Korea. Over 70 LRTs will be constructed in the future, but it is hard to manage them due to structural deficit from construction debt, so Public finance plays a very important role in order to overcome a deficit. Therefore, it is necessary to plan detailed analysis and planned system about the expenditure of the amount which is borrowed from country and local government and business income from railroad companies like government grants, PSO. This research wishes to grasp the problem and present model about reasonable and efficient financial program, analyzing about increasing import and expenses of Urban.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 2011

Since out of a lot of traffic problems traffic accidents cause damage to life and properties of people, it stands out as one of traffic problems which needs improvement, and the loss due to traffic accident negatively affects not only the parties to the accident but also the national economy. Thus, continual concern of the government toward traffic safety is getting bigger and lately each local government is preparing a basic plan for traffic safety and vitalizing traffic safety policies. As expanding the responsibility and role of local governments for traffic safety, traffic safety measures which are based on the characteristics of each local government should be studied. Most of analytical methods in the existing traffic accidents prediction models with macroscopic vision focus on socioeconomic variables such as local population and the number of registered vehicles, and present a great deal of prediction error when they are applied in practice. In this context, this study proposed a traffic accident prediction model in respect of macroscopic level for autonomous districts (administrative districts) of Seoul City. The model development was not based on the entire city but on the type of local land usage (development density) whose relationship with traffic accident frequency was analyzed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.11
• /
• pp.325-334
• /
• 2009

A study on the Diagnosis Program Development for Street and House CCTV Installment. In our society, there are dangerous factors increasing which threaten citizen's life and property. Recently, CCTV becomes an important factors. This is due to the fact that there are dangerous factors increasing which threaten citizen's life and property. The local government need to responsible for citizen's safety. In order to make safety local community, the government need to improve and support policies for citizens. The role of CCTV for crime prevention is to increase police power and budget. Also, in order to make local community, not only police, local community but also citizen need to make effort. The purpose of this study is to analyze crime prevention diagnosis about crime prevention, analyzing the environment's problem and suggesting problem solving. The content of this study consist of introduction in chapter 1, theoretaical consideration in chapter 2, crime prevention diagnosis in chapter 3, conclusion in chapter 4.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.801-816
• /
• 2014

This paper is a theoretically grounded empirical study aimed at shedding light on the Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government (U-I-G) relations in biotechnology cluster of Singapore. It questions the issue about the gap between theoretical consideration of the Triple Helix of U-I-G relations and the actual reality in biotechnology cluster, and the experience of Singapore was investigated. In terms of evolutionary perspective, biotechnology cluster in Singapore has gone through ongoing processes from a certain stage to other, and within the processes the Triple Helix nexus has been found. Analysis of the empirical study reveals significant findings: first, the government policies play a critical role in the operation of U-I-G relations rather than universities; second, therefore, the binding force of U-I-G relationships is based on the government policies being comprehensive including researchers immigration, student scholarship for local students, and tax and non-tax incentives for firms, rather than focusing on a targeted policy; third, the role of government starts from an initial stage, and it's role is ongoing processes by supporting infrastructure, human sources and continuous nourishment enabling the triple helix of U-I-G relations.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.213-223
• /
• 2008

This study attempted to analyze background and industrial difference of RO and SO. RO was launched for solving a problem of terrestrial broadcasting. After solving a problem of terrestrial broadcasting system, RO has played a roll as a local media. On the other hand, SO was launched by government's policy so SO has been protected and brought up by government. Because market of RO and SO is overlap and competitive, RO has been restricted by government for issuing new license and renewal of permission. Presently, environment of media has been changed very dramatically, so various niche media are needed for various customer's needs. In addition, local media are in trouble of playing a role as a public broadcasting service in Korea. Therefore, RO might be a good solution. In this study for the analysis of the user's needs a survey was conducted. This study shows possibility of RO's roll and function as a local media.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2015

For the last 10 years, there were also a lot of exchanges and cooperations between North and South Korea's local governments. Dealing with these exchanges more systematically, local governments had issued many regulations. But in the law level, the current laws regulating exchanges and cooperations between North and South Korea lacked care in the role of local governments in the course of Korea reunification. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the legal system to support and promote the role of local governments in unification affairs. The purpose of this study is to seek answers to a question how the Inter-Korea forest cooperation project effect on regional economy compared with other forest sectors. Results of this study proved that Inter-Korea forest cooperation project effects on regional economy positively as 'plus investment', not negatively. Forest cooperation project will be resolve Inter-Korea conflicts more peacefully. So government should be supported continuously in the long run in order to raise the performance.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.199-225
• /
• 2010

This study investigates the characteristics of local arbitration committees in China based on arbitration institution evaluation model. Most of the literature on Chinese arbitration committees only focuses on CIETAC. However, the promulgation of 1994 Chinese arbitration act allows local arbitration committees to deal the arbitration cases related with foreign element. Before 1994, only CIETAC and CMAC handle the arbitration cases related with foreign element. For the evaluation of the local arbitration committees, this study establishes the arbitration institution evaluation model. This model has seven evaluation criteria: accessability, independence, neutrality, rapidity, economy, professionality, and extent of enforcement. Our findings are as follows. First, Chinese local arbitration committees have the strengths in the fields of accessability, economy and rapidity. However, they are deficient in the area of neutrality, professionality, and independence. Second, the spatial distribution of Chinese local arbitration committees is not equal in China. The number of local arbitration committees is big in the high growth region such as Shandong province. On the other hand, the number of local arbitration committees is small in the economically stagnant area. Third, the size and activity of local arbitration committees are various. Some of them are very active in dispute resolution through arbitration in China. For example, Beijing Arbitration Committee(BAC), Wuhan, Quangzou Arbitration Committee play the important role in dispute resolution through arbitration. However, the large part of local arbitration committees is financially weak and depend on the local government's financial support.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2011

The change in the Japanese rental housing policy since the 1990s appeared as a reduction in the role of central government, an expansion in the local government's discretion, and an increase in the dependence on the housing market. As a result, the supply of new public rental housing decreased drastically and the rent regulation was eased. This study is designed to evaluate the validity of the policy change through an analysis of the change in housing affordability of tenants during the period of 1983~2008. The analysis showed that the housing affordability and the accessibility to the housing market by tenants had been improved, confirming that if the public rental housing stock was properly used, the housing needs of the low-income tenants would be met without new supply. Therefore, it appeared that the change in the Japanese rental housing policy may have a certain amount of validity. However, the study pointed out that the validity of the policy change must be limited as the future risk factors such as the possibility of residualisation of public rental housing and the increase of poor households according to job insecurity were not well considered. Accordingly, in conclusion this study suggests that new policy instruments should be developed at central government-level, such as offering incentives for local governments and establishing a housing allowance etc.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.4
• /
• pp.343-363
• /
• 2001

Chapter 1 is the introduction part. With the development of modem science and technology, the world has experienced serious disaster. Each occurrence of such disaster has reminded the people all over the world of the importance of coping with the disaster and therefore all the countries have set up the disaster administration system to handle their disasters in efficient way. The principal purpose of this research is to establish ways and means needed to improve the disaster management system in Korea. Chapter 2 introduces the reader to a disaster management theory Chapter 3 dealt with the problems on the disaster administration system, under which the first and second section mention the points at issue in the system of law and administration of our country, respectively, Chapter 4 dealt with the plan to improve the disaster adminstration system under which the first section describes its basic direction while the second section describes the clarification of the role share of the central government and local autonomous body, beefing up the functions of disaster administration of the central government and local autonomous body. establishment of disaster prevention system, activation of support program against disaster, raising the professional personnels, extending the disaster prevention facilities, etc. Chapter 5, the conclusion, describes the difficulties in coping with the disaster under the existing disaster administration system. Therefore, the entire fundamental of disaster administration is in need such as distinct roles of the central government and local autonomous body, improving the systems of law and administration, education and training, and guidance and superintendence, etc. In addition, the control function of the concerned authorities must be reinforced to perform the disaster administration system smoothly while establishing 24 hour emergency system. Also, the financial support from the central government and technical study on the disaster administration should be done continuously on long-term basis.