• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2012

The applicability and accuracy of Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model on the estimation of soil loss at impacted area of shooting range was tested to further the understanding of soil erosion at shooting ranges by using RUSLE. At a shooting range located in northern Kyunggi, the amount of soil loss was estimated by RUSLE model and compared with that estimated by Global Positioning System-Total Station survey. As results, the annual soil loss at a study site (202 m long by 79 m wide) was estimated to be 2,915 ton/ha/year by RUSLE and 3,058 ton/ha/year by GPS-TS survey, respectively. The error between two different estimations was less than 5%, however, information on site conditions should be collected more to adjust model coefficients accurately. At the study shooting range, sediments generated by rainfall was transported from the top to near the bottom of the sloping face through sheet erosion as well as rill erosion, forming a gully along the direction of the storm water flow. Coarser fractions of the sediments were redeposited in the limited area along the channel. Distribution characteristics of explosive compounds in soil before and after summer monsoon rainfall in the study area were compared with the erosion patterns. Soil sampling and analyses results showed that the dispersion of explosive compounds in surface soil was consistent with the characteristics of soil erosion and redeposition pattern of sediment movements after rainfalls.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 2006

Rapid and high-precision positioning with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is feasible only when very precise carrier-phase observations can be used. There are two kinds of mathematical models for ambiguity resolution. The first one is based on both pseudorange and carrier phase measurements, and the observation equations are of full rank. The second one is only based on carrier phase measurement, which is a rank-defect model. Though the former is more commonly used, the latter has its own advantage, that is, ambiguity resolution will be freed from the effects of pseudorange multipath. Galileo will be operational. One of the important differences between Galileo and current GPS is that Galileo will provide signals in four frequency bands. With more carrier-phase data available, frequency combinations with long equivalent wavelength can be formed, so Galileo will provide more opportunities for fast and reliable ambiguity resolution than current GPS. This paper tries to investigate phase only fast ambiguity resolution performance with four Galileo frequencies for short baseline. Cascading Ambiguity Resolution (CAR) method with selected optimal frequency combinations and LAMBDA method are used and compared. To validate the resolution, two tests are used and compared. The first one is a ratio test. The second one is lower bound success-rate test. The simulation test results show that, with LAMBDA method, whether with ratio test or lower bound success rate validation criteria, ambiguity can be fixed in several seconds, 8 seconds at most even when 1 sigma of carrier phase noise is 12 mm. While with CAR method, at least about half minute is required even when 1 sigma of carrier phase noise is 3 mm. It shows that LAMBDA method performs obviously better than CAR method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2016

Rivers refer to either natural or artificial structures whose primary functions are flood control and water conservation. Due to recent localized torrential downpours led by climate change, large amounts of eroded soil have been carried away, forming deposits downstream, which in turn degrades the capacity to fulfill these functions. To manage rivers more effectively, we need data on riverbed erosion and deposition. However, environmental factors make it challenging to take measurements in rivers, and data errors tend to prevent researchers from grasping the current state of erosions and deposits. In this context, the aim of the present study is to provide basic data required for river management. To this end, the author made annual measurements with a Real-time Kinematic-Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS) and a total station in Pats Cabin Canyon, Oregon, United States, and also prepared thematic maps of erosion and deposition thickness as well as water depth profiles based on a GIS spatial analysis. Furthermore, the author statistically analyzed the accuracy of three dimensional (3D) measurement points and only used the data that falls within two standard deviations (i.e. ±2σ). In addition, the author determined a threshold for a DEM of Difference (DoD) by installing measurement points in the rivers and taking measurements, and then estimated erosion and deposition thickness within a confidence interval of ±0.1m. Based on the results, the author established reliable data on river depth profiles and thematic maps of erosion and deposition thickness using pre-determined work flows. It is anticipated that the riverbed data can be utilized for effective river management.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.171-182
• /
• 2019

Bicycles are a pollution-free means of transportation. In addition to leisure, the use of bicycles is increasing as alternative eco-friendly transportation. Accordingly, bicycle accidents are also increasing. The purpose of this study is to implement bicycle black box technology to identify situation when a bicycle accident occurs. Currently, bicycle black box products are mainly based on video cameras, and are commercially available by adding various functions mainly on high resolution cameras and are sold at high prices. If a bicycle accident occurs, quantitative data on the accident location at the time of the accident and the state of the bicycle at the time of the accident is required. In this study, IMU sensor used to obtain acceleration and slope, and time and coordinates are obtained. In addition, real-time acceleration and tilt data while is stored in memory card and by using Bluetooth transmit to the smart phone owned by the in real time to prevent accidents and to monitor status.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.83-92
• /
• 2012

Location-based services (LBS) are increasingly popular due to the improvement of geo-positioning capabilities and wireless communication technology. However, in order to enjoy LBS services, a user requesting a query must send his/her exact location to the LBS provider. Therefore, it is a key challenge to preserve user's privacy while providing LBS. To solve this problem, the existing method employs a 2PASS cloaking framework that not only hides the actual user location but also reduces bandwidth consumption. However, 2PASS does not fully guarantee the actual user privacy because it does not take the real user distribution into account. Hence, in this paper, we propose a nearest neighbor query processing algorithm that supports K-anonymity property based on the weighted adjacency graph(WAG). Our algorithm not only preserves the location of a user by guaranteeing k-anonymity in a query region, but also improves a bandwidth usage by reducing unnecessary search for a query result. We demonstrate from experimental results that our algorithm outperforms the existing one in terms of query processing time and bandwidth usage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.83-88
• /
• 2016

Over the last five years, 568 people have died while hiking according to 2015 statistics from the public safety ministry. Among those deaths, approximately 33% were due to loss of footing or falling. In this respect, the highly advanced functions of hiking boots should be considered to prevent these unfortunate accidents. For example, by utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) and Information and Communications Technology (ICT), hiking boots equipped with a Global Positioning System (GPS) or vital signs monitoring systems should be considered. In addition, many challenges remain for the production of 3D printed hiking boots, because the functions of hiking boots are variable, which is important when handling changing terrains and situations. The design of customized hiking boots was introduced in this paper, and 3D printing applications for midsoles using a Porous Polymer Printing (PPP) method was also suggested to verify the possibility of manufacturing hiking boots.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.106-113
• /
• 2017

Attitude determination algorithms for aircraft and land vehicles use earth gravitational vector and geomagnetic vector; hence, magnetometers and accelerometers are employed. In dynamic situation, the output from accelerometers includes not only gravitational vector but also motional acceleration, thus it is hard to determine accurate attitude. The acceleration compensation method treated in this paper solves the problem to compensate the specific force vector for motional acceleration calculated by a GPS receiver. This paper analyzed the error from the corrected vector regarded as a constant by conventional acceleration compensation method, and improve the error by rederivation from measurements. The analyzed error factors and improvements by the proposed algorithm are verified by computer simulations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2017

The mud flat in Korea is the geographical feature generated from the sediment of rivers of Korea and China and it is the important topography for pollution purification and fishing industry. The mud flat is difficult to access such that it requires the aerial survey for the high-resolution spatial information of the area. In this study we used drones instead of the conventional aerial and remote sensing approaches which have shortcomings of costs and revisit times. We carried out GPS-based control point survey, temporal image acquisition using drones, bundle adjustment, stereo image processing for DSM and ortho photo generation, followed by co-registration between the spatio-temporal information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2017.07a
• /
• pp.127-128
• /
• 2017

해마다 대포차로 인한 사건 사고가 많이 일어나고 있으며, 피해율이 점점 더 증가하는 시점에서 검거율은 현저히 낮다. 이러한 문제를 줄이기 위해 대포차 검거 애플리케이션을 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구는 GPS와 사진으로부터 텍스트를 추출하는 기능을 활용하여 대포차를 검거하는 데 도움을 주는 애플리케이션이다. 사용자가 정차 및 주차되어 있는 차의 번호판을 사진 촬영 기능을 활용하여 자동으로 사진을 분석을 통해 차량의 번호를 인식하고, GPS를 활용하여 촬영한 장소의 위치 값을 추출하고 대포차 여부를 확인한다. 촬영한 차량이 대포차로 식별되면 관리 서버에 등록되고 대응 절차에 의해 대포차 검거 절차를 진행한다. 대포차의 실시간 검거를 위해 대포차 대응서버에서는 관리자에게 실시간으로 정보를 전송하고 알림 기능을 통해 검거 절차가 진행된다. 또한 실시간 대응에 어려움이 있는 상황에서는 자주 신고가 접수되는 출몰지역 정보를 관리자가 유추할 수 있도록 통계정보를 제공하여 추후 잠복에 의한 검거 정보를 제공한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2003.05c
• /
• pp.1543-1546
• /
• 2003

최근에는 GPS(Global Positioning System)와 무선 데이터 전송 능력이 있는 휴대용 전화기의 보급 및 이동/무선 컴퓨팅 기술의 발달로 인해 이를 이용한 응용 서비스에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 특히, 이동 차량, PDA, 휴대용 전화기, 노트북 컴퓨터 등을 이용한 위치기반서비스(LBS: Location Based Services)가 무선 인터넷 시장의 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 위치 정보를 기반으로 다양한 위치기반서비스를 제공할 수 있는 플랫폼은 향후 무선 인터넷 응용의 핵심기술이므로, 모바일 환경에서는 이러한 이동 객체들의 위치정보를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 현재 모바일 환경에서 위치기반서비스 관리 및 제공과정에서 얻어지는 데이터 형태를 살펴보고, 기존의 이동 객체 색인들을 이용하여 실세계에서 얻어지는 데이터를 처리하였을 때의 문제점들을 검토한다. 피리고 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 색인방법으로 동일한 시공간 정보를 갖는 이동 객체들을 블록단위로 저장하는 색인 구조를 제시함으로써 전체 색인 크기를 줄여 중복검색을 해결하고 디스크 I/O수를 줄이도록 설계한다.