• 자원환경지질
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.635-644
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• 2008

물리탐사는 측정점에 대한 정보에만 국한하는 다른 조사방법과는 달리 지반내부에 대한 영상 및 정보를 제공할 수 있으므로 환경오염부지 평가 및 감시, 지반조사, 지질재해 등에서 중요한 기술로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 상기물리탐사 요소기술에 관한 특허분석을 실시하였다. 1976년부터 2005년까지 출원된 특허의 요약문, 청구항, 도면 검색 등을 통해 총 904건의 관련 특허를 추출하였다. 추출된 특허를 대상으로 국가별, 연도별, 출원인별, 그리고 기술 분야별 출원동향을 분석하였다. 또한 미국특허 분석을 통해 국가별 기술수준을 비교 분석하였다. 상위 5위의 출원국가는 미국, 영국, 일본, 노르웨이 그리고 프랑스 순이었으며, 특히 미국과 영국 출원인의 특허건수가 663건(73.3%)으로 이 분야 기술개발을 주도하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of service failure magnitude on perceived justice, positive emotion, and revisit intention at restaurants between a collectivist culture(Korea) and an individualistic culture(United States). The results showed that the higher a customer's perception of service failure magnitude, the lower the perceived recovery justices in both cultures. The distributive, procedural, and interactional justices had a favorable effect on positive emotions in both cultures. Other findings revealed that interactional justice was the best predictor of revisit intention in Korea, while distributive justice was the best determinant of revisit intention in the United States. This research suggests that global restaurant managers need to understand how cultural orientation influences consumer perceptions of service failures in order to develop a highly targeted and effective service recovery.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-29
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate various mathematics education improvement or reform movements of Western Europe countries (United Kingdom, Germany, etc.) and the United States of America, to see the effects of those movements on Korean mathematics education circle, and to find a direction of Korean mathematics curriculum design. The third Korean mathematics curriculum was most affected by the new mathematics movement of the United States of America. This movement was emphasizing abstract structure, logical rigorousness and discovery learning of mathematics, which was fired from late fifties. Korean mathematics education circle imported the new mathematics early seventies from USA, but serious problems had been found at that time in USA. This study has pointed out that new math oriented Korean mathematics curriculum was not proper and the new mathematics itself was disastrous for most Korean students' learning. The study also points out that they hurried too much introducing the new mathematics and publishing new mathematics oriented textbooks but they had not sufficient teacher training programs. In our future mathematics curriculum reform, we have to remember such a historical lesson.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2015

Every year governments spend their national budget on public health in order to reduce financial burden of individuals on health. Although it has been widely believed that the increase of public expenditure on health decreases private health expenditure, it has not been proved by analysis with real data. For better understanding, we conducted an empirical study on the real data of 17 OECD countries-Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The panel Granger-causality test is used to verify the cause-and-effect relationship between the two expenditures. As a result, public expenditure on health has a 3 to 4 year-lagged negative effect on private health expenditure in the cases of the 16 countries except for the United States.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제45권
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• pp.126-155
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• 2001

It has been 5 years since evaluation systems were introduced to the social welfare field in Korea. More than half of social welfare agencies (617 out of 1,267) were evaluated in the past two years. Most areas of the agencies were the target of an extensive evaluation in 2000. As "the Evaluation Era" has come, problems were raised especially regarding the Accreditation system of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. More specifically, the problems were related to operation and management of the evaluation systems including the issue of evaluators' objectivity and fairness. In addition, evaluation costs have been too high to the government. The evaluation systems of OECD nations including the United States were quite different. These nations have used the Performance Measurement in order to secure the objectivity and the fairness. Although the quantity of information was limited compared to that of the Accreditation system, these nations have taken the lead in the governmental evaluation. In this context, this study compared social welfare evaluation systems between Korea and the United States. It presented the current status and problems of the Accreditation system of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, discussed the American Performance Measurement and its limitations, and compared the strengths and weaknesses of the two evaluation systems. In addition, this study suggested the strategies of Korean evaluation systems in the long term as well as in the short term.

• 교육시설
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2007

The purpose of this research starts analyzing the case with the United States and Japan and considering the plan form of educational facilities in the advanced country for the improvement of educational facilities in our counties. Japan was managing the educational system which carried out homogeneous till the first stage of the 1970s like advanced nations, such as the educational system of the industrialization age before World War II, i.e., Britain and the United States. The form of an American open school was adopted after the second half of the 1960s, trying the educational system which also globalized the educational system of Japan while the world went into the information society. In the process of the introduction, Japan did not simply imitate a huge open space in the United States. Japan selected the content of the education carefully. And, to do an original educational activity by guidance. The current classroom and multipurpose space were planned as one body. As a result, the environment of the classroom was able to do various studying patterns of individual study and the group study.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to examine spatial characteristics of emergency department Chronologically through case studies; and to consider the social implication of these spatial changes. Methods: In this study, a total of eight emergency departments, one for each period, were selected in order to analyze the spatial characteristics. The spatial maps of Space Syntax were employed for analyzing case studies. Results: The spatial configuration of emergency department has been changed from five or more emergency department specialties to four or less specialties such as psychiatric, pediatrics, emergency, and trauma. In the case of care initiation area, the concentrated arrangement mode was switched from the distributed arrangement mode. The spatial maps indicate that it can be seen that the tree structure changes to an annular structure emphasizing the connection between the spaces in the emergency department. This shows that the space efficiency, safe, visual control and flexibility in the planning of the emergency department are important factors affecting the spatial structure of the emergency department. Implications: In the future, it is expected that Korean emergency department will be more focused on efficiency, safe, visual control, and flexibility in the planning as in the case studies of the United States.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.113-130
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the WTO-inconsistent aspects of the single rate presumption of the United States in establishing and imposing anti-dumping duties for non-market economy exporters. By examining the drafting history in the GATT/WTO negotiations and the practice of the single rate presumption for non-market economies by the United States from a comparative perspective, it critically addresses the inherent lack of pertinent disciplines under the framework of the WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement in establishing dumping margins for exporters of non-market economies. The WTO Dispute Settlement Body leaves open the possibility of allowing the investigating authority to consider multiple exporters and the exporting country as a single entity. However, the study argues that it is difficult in practice for the investigating authority to make a single-entity decision in a WTO-consistent manner. The study also finds an incompatibility in the notion between establishing dumping margins for 'individual' exporters and 'non-market economies.' A proper discipline for non-market economies under the multilateral anti-dumping norm needs to be reconsidered in the era of persistent trade conflicts between the United States and China.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.159-175
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• 2007

Under U.S. Antidumping law, dumping occurs when 'subject merchandise' is imported into the United States and sold at less than 'fair value'. The administration of U.S. antidumping law is shared between the U.S. Department of Commerce(USDOC) and the U.S. International Trade Commission(USITC). USDOC's task is to determine whether imports are being dumped, and if so, to estimate the margin of dumping. In determining whether an industry in the United States is materially injured or threatened with material injury, or the establishment of an industry in the United States is materially retarded, by reason of the subject imports, the USITC must first define the 'like product' and the 'domestic industry'. One of the crucial factors on antidumping measures is the interpretation's scope of the 'like product' and the 'domestic industry', leading the most controversial issues in U.S. antidumping law. The primary purpose of this paper is to examine the 'domestic industry' and 'like product' considering U.S. antidumping law. Most USITC's determinations regarding like product and industry as flexible conception have been supported by the U.S. Courts.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.411-414
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis between Korea and the United States of the supply process of unit modular housing at both the factory production phase and the transportation and lifting phase, as part of an attempt to invigorate the unit modular housing market in Korea. Unlike the practice in the United States, one of Korea's unique characteristics is that the floor is constructed with reinforced concrete and hot water heating system. To do this, the wet method in Korea is used that includes concrete placement, curing and constructing hot water floor heating system at the factory production phase, which results in a longer production time and also requires the lifting of heavier loads. In the United States, interior and exterior finishing works of modular housing are performed by different companies, and the distance between the unit module factory and the construction site is quite far. This kind of dualized production structure may cause confusion when it comes to schedule management, procurement management, and stock management. Moreover, problems caused by external environmental factors such as wind and rainfall were reported in the course of long-distance transportation. The results of this case comparison are expected to provide fundamental data that will reduce the amount of trial and error in the unit module production, transportation and lifting work in Korea, which has a comparatively small number of unit modular housing cases.