• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.719-733
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• 2016

본 논문은 앞그루작물 재배 시 형성된 이랑을 재활용하여 다음 뒷그루작물을 무경운으로 재배할 경우 토양의 이화학성과 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 추진한 연구 결과의 일부이다. 토양에서 경운 후 시간의 경과에 따른 토양 입자 크기의 분포를 조사한 결과 관행경운과 무경운 토양 입자는 공히 입상구조(granular structure)를 이루고 있었다. 무경운 토양의 입자 크기 2 mm 이상의 분포는 무경운 토양이 경운 토양에 비하여 표토와 심토 공히 증가 되었다. 그리고 내수성입단 0.25 mm 이상 0.5 mm 이하와 0.5 mm 이상 1 mm 이하, 1 mm 이상의 대입단 분포는 경운과 무경운 1년차 토양에서 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 무경운 2년차에서는 입단의 크기별로 각각 8.2%, 4.5%, 1.7%로 경운과 무경운 1년차에 비하여 유의적인 증가를 보였다. 관행 경운 토양 표토의 용적밀도 $1.10MG\;m^3$이 무경운 1년차에서 $1.30MG\;m^3$으로 증가 되었으나, 무경운 2년차는 $1.14MG\;m^3$, 무경운 3년차는 $1.03MG\;m^3$으로 용적밀도가 감소되었으며, 심토도 같은 경향이었다. 따라서 용적밀도와 정(+)의 상관이 있는 고상율은 표토와 심토 공히 무경운 1년차에서 관행 경운 토양에 비하여 증가되었으나, 무경운 2년차와 3년차는 감소되었다. 용적밀도 및 고상율과 부(-)의 상관관계가 있는 공극율은 경운 토양 58.5%가 무경운 1년차는 51%로 8.5% 감소되었으나, 무경운 2년차는 56.9%, 무경운 3년차는 61.2%로 증가되었으며, 심토도 같은 경향이었다. 공극율과 정(+)의 상관관계가 있는 기상율은 관행경운 토양에 비하여 무경운 1년차는 감소되었으나, 무경운 2년차와 3년차에서는 증가되었다. 그리고 기상과 함께 공극율을 결정하는 액상율은 경운 표토 24.2%가 무경운 1년차는 28.3%로 증가되었으나, 무경운 2년차는 23.4%, 무경운 3년차는 18.3%로 현저하게 감소되었으며, 심토도 같은 경향이었으나, 심토의 액상율은 표토에 비하여 증가되었다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 산업부산물을 다량 활용한 소일콘크리트의 유동성 및 강도발현에 대한 결합재-흙의 비(B/S) 및 물-결합재비(W/B)의 영향을 평가하였다. 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트의 부분 치환재로서 바이패스 더스트 10%, 고로슬래그미분말 40%, 순환유동층 플라이애시 25%가 사용되었다. 저시멘트 결합재와 함께 사질토 또는 점성토를 사용하여 18 소일콘크리트 배합이 실험되었다. 실험결과 소일콘크리트의 유동성은 대상토(점성토 또는 사질토)의 종류에 관계없이 동일한 W/B에서 B/S가 클수록 증가하였다. 압축강도는 점성토 콘크리트보다 동일 배합조건을 갖는 사질토 콘크리트에서 컸다. 산업부산물 다량 활용 소일콘크리트의 배합은 압축강도 및 고유동성을 고려하면 대상토에 관계없이 B/S가 0.35 그리고 W/B는 175%가 추천될 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2021

도저는 토공사 현장에서 부지를 평탄화하거나 토사를 모으기 위해 사용되는 장비이다. 도저의 성능은 지반-궤도 접지면에서 발현되는 지반추력에 의해 결정되는데, 주어진 조건에서 최대한의 지반추력을 발현시키기 위해서 무한궤도 표면에 그라우저를 부착하는 것이 일반적이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 형상비를 가지는 그라우저가 부착된 도저의 지반추력을 산정하고, 이를 바탕으로 지반 특성을 고려한 최적 그라우저 형상비를 평가했다. 그라우저는 궤도 측면에서 추가적인 지반추력(측면지반추력)을 발현시키고 지반-궤도 사이의 전단을 지반-지반 사이의 전단으로 전환시켜, 도저의 지반추력을 약 1.3~1.6배 증가시켰다. 그라우저 형상비가 지반추력에 미치는 영향은 도저가 구동하는 지반의 다짐도에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 느슨한 지반에서는 형상비가 작은 그라우저가, 조밀한 지반에서는 형상비가 큰 그라우저가 도저의 지반추력을 가장 크게 증가시킬 수 있는 최적의 형상으로 평가되었다. 무한궤도에 지반의 다짐도를 고려한 최적 그라우저를 부착한다면 도저의 작업 성능을 보다 크게 강화할 수 있을 것이며, 이를 통해 장비의 효율적 활용 및 토공사 생산성 향상이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2011

This study is analyzed the characteristics of the soil erosion with the geotechnical conditions and rainfall conditions, such as the ground slope, the compaction ratio, rainfall intensity and duration of rainfall etc. To this ends, a series of model test are conducted on clayey sands. From the results, the variation of soil loss is analyzed with the geotechnical and the rainfall conditions. The amount of soil loss is decreased as the increase of compaction ratio and is increased as the ground slope, rainfall intensity and the duration of rainfall.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.37-40
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• 2006

The batch tests were performed to determine the ratio of hydrogen peroxide on diesel contaminated soil. The objective of test was to determine and optimize the hydrogen peroxide requirements for the remediation of a soil contaminated with diesel fuel. The batch test were done on 5g diesel contaminated soil containing hydrogen peroxide (34.5%). Initial diesel concentration were 2,000mg/kg, 5,000mg/kg, and 10,000mg/kg. The $Diesel(g):H_2O_2(g)$ ratio varied 1:1, 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, with contact reaction time 120 min. Results the batch test, effective ratio of $Diesel(g):H_2O_2(g)$ is 1:100.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.871-877
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• 2010

The objectives of this study were to compare growth of Pllioblastus pygmaed and soil characteristics as affected by difference of soil thickness and mixture ratio in shallow-extensive green roof module system, and to identify the level of soil thickness and mixture as suitable growing condition to achieve the desired plants in green roof. Different soil thickness levels were achieved under 15cm and 25cm of shallow-extensive green roof module system that was made by woody materials for $500{\times}500{\times}300mm$. Soil mixture ratio were three types for perlit: peatmoss: leafmold=6:2:2(v/v/v, $P_6P_2L_2$), perlit: peatmoss: leafmold=5:3:2(v/v/v, $P_5P_3L_2$) and perlit: peatmoss: leafmold=4:4:2(v/v/v, $P_4P_4L_2$). On June 2006, Pllioblastus pygmaed were planted directly in a green roof module system in rows. All treatment were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replication. The results are summarized below. In term of soil characteristics, Soil acidity and electric conductivity was measured in pH 6.0~6.6 and 0.12dS/m~0.19dS/m, respectively. Organic matter and exchangeable cations desorption fell in the order: $P_4P_4L_2$ > $P_5P_3L_2$ > $P_6P_2L_2$. $P_6P_2L_2$ had higher levels of the total solid phase and liquid phase, and $P_4P_4L_2$ had gas phase for three phases of soil in the 15cm and 25cm soil thickness. Although Pllioblastus pygmaed was possibled soil thickness 15cm, there was a trend towards increased soil thickness with increased leaf length, number of leaves and chlorophyll contents in 25cm. The growth response of Pllioblastus pygmaed had fine and sustain condition in order to $P_6P_2L_2$ = $P_5P_3L_2$ > $P_4P_4L_2$. However, The results of this study suggested that plants grown under $P_4P_4L_2$ appear a higher density ground covering than plants grown under $P_6P_2L_2$. Collectively, our data emphasize that soil thickness for growth of Pllioblastus pygmaed were greater than soil mixture ratio in shallow-extensive green roof module system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.655-676
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• 2013

In this study, strength reduction factors and inelastic displacement ratios are investigated for SDOF systems with period range of 0.1-3.0 s considering soil structure interaction for earthquake motions recorded on soft soil. The effect of stiffness degradation on strength reduction factors and inelastic displacement ratios is investigated. The modified-Clough model is used to represent structures that exhibit significant stiffness degradation when subjected to reverse cyclic loading and the elastoplastic model is used to represent non-degrading structures. The effect of negative strain - hardening on the inelastic displacement and strength of structures is also investigated. Soil structure interacting systems are modeled and analyzed with effective period, effective damping and effective ductility values differing from fixed-base case. For inelastic time history analyses, Newmark method for step by step time integration was adapted in an in-house computer program. New equations are proposed for strength reduction factor and inelastic displacement ratio of interacting system as a function of structural period($\tilde{T}$, T) ductility (${\mu}$) and period lengthening ratio ($\tilde{T}$/T).

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

The aim of the work described in this paper was to confirm the application of the equation of the soil-water characteristic curves on an unsaturated soil. A series of suction test for unsaturated soils was conducted on the selected 4 kinds of soil using modified pressure extractor apparatus. And it was carried out to analyse The experimental parameters which can be describe the soil-water characteristics, were determined by using the data obtained from the experiment. From the results, it was found that The matric suction varied according to the grain size distribution, amount of fine grain particles and void ratio. Also it was found that the residual degree of saturation was decreased with in crease of the void ratio, but the pore size distribution index and air entry value were increased with in crease of the void ratio. And The application of the soil-water characteristic curve equation was confirmed for the various conditions and the various state by the comparison between the measured degree of saturation and the predicted degree of saturation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper was to confirm the application of the equation of the soil-water characteristic curve on an unsaturated soil. To this ends, a series of suction test was conducted on the selected 4 kinds of soil which is located in Korea, using the modified pressure extractor apparatus. And it was carried out to analyze the experimental parameters which can describe the soil-water characteristics, were determined by using the data obtained from the experiment. From the results, it was found that the matric suction was varied according to the grain size distribution, amount of fine grain particle and void ratio. Also it was found that the residual volumetric water content was decreased with the void ratio, but the index related air entry value, the soil parameter related water content and the parameter with residual water content were increased with the void ratio. And the application of equation of the soil-water characteristic curve was confirmed for the various conditions and the various state by the comparison between the volumetric water content measured by the experiment and the predicted values.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.497-509
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• 2021

A large deformation FEM (Finite Element Method) based numerical analysis has been performed to study the behaviour of the bell-shaped anchor embedded in undrained saturated (cohesive) soil with the help of finite element based software ABAQUS. A typical model anchor with bell-diameter of 0.125 m, embedded in undrained saturated soil with varying cohesive strength (from 5 kN/m² to 200 kN/m²) has been chosen for studying the characteristic behaviour of the bell-shaped anchor installed in cohesive soil. Breakout factors have been evaluated for each case and verified with the results of experimental model tests for three different types of soil samples. The maximum value of breakout factor was found as about 8.5 within a range of critical embedment ratio of 2.5 to 3. An explicit model has been developed to estimate the breakout factor (F_c) for uplift capacity of bell-shaped anchor within clay mass in terms of H/D ratio (embedment ratio). It was also found that, the ultimate uplift capacity of the anchor increases with the increase of the value of cohesive strength of the soil and H/D ratio. The empirical equation developed in the present investigation is usable within the range of cohesion value and H/D ratio from 5 kN/m² to 200 kN /m² and 0.5 to 3.0 respectively. The proposed model has been validated against data obtained from a series of model tests carried out in the present investigation. From the stress-profile analysis of the soil mass surrounding the anchor, occurrence of stress concentration is found to be generated at the joint of anchor shaft and bell. It was also found that the vertical and horizontal stresses surrounding the anchor diminish at about a distance of 0.3 m and 0.15 m respectively.