• 산경연구논집
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2020

Purpose: North Korea is a very close country geographically and culturally, but the nation has been one of the most secretive countries in the world. However, in recent years, North Korean society has been known to rapidly change its economic environment as well as its diplomatic and political environment. Since the gaining power of Jong-un, Kim in 2012, the North Korean government has implemented a new set of economic policies. North Korea has embraced limited market systems and mechanisms that have become a part of the formal planned economy. This study is concerned with the recent changes in the market and marketing activities of the communist country. It also seeks to gain an understanding of the changing market behavior of North Korean consumers. The purpose of this study is to enhance understanding of the market environments of North Korea and to provide appropriate implications for practitioners and researchers. Research design, data and methodology: Academic access to information that can understand North Korea's reality is minimal. Therefore, this study was conducted based on a qualitative analysis of secondary data. The existing literature on North Korea, related news and reports were the basis of the analysis. Analysis of secondary data related to North Korea was the main methodology of the study. Results: The official ideology of North Korea rejected most aspects of marketing, and yet there were marketing activities in North Korea. This article focuses on the development of market and marketing activities in North Korea during the recent years. This study indirectly confirmed that the market function is being activated in North Korea, and the basic functions of marketing such as advertisement, price, and distribution are being formed. In this process, the activation of the 'Jangmadang(market)' played a significant role. Conclusions: Research shows that North Korea is rapidly developing its own market function. In addition, marketing activities such as advertising and pricing strategies seem to be unprecedentedly active. However, due to changes in the political environment, the future development of North Korea's marketing is still in flux. Efforts to improve mutual understanding through continuous research are required.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.191-216
• /
• 2006

It has been talked about the responsibility of the South-North Korean e-market place(e-MP) collaboration project every you since 2003. However, the feasibility as the business has not been dealt with in detail due to the uncertain environment as well as the complicated procedures of the project. The research focuses on the workable mechanism of the South-North Korean E-Market Place collaboration project. The feasibility of the project results from the newly installed fiber telecommunication network as well as the 1 billion dollars of the trading volume between South and North Korea. The research analyzes on the capabilities as well as willingness of the South and North Korea for the e-MP, and concludes with two paradigms of the future tasks. First, the unified but step-wise structure should be made to promote the project by the political committee (South and North Korea EC Committee) and the economical administration body (South and North Korea EC Corporation). Second, the market-oriented resolution system such as South and North Korea Arbitration Body should be involved to create legal environment. Above all, the discussion should be on the main body of e-MP settlement to abolish the psychological as well as practical barriers to enter the South-North Korean electronic commerce.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.77-91
• /
• 2022

North-South Korea economic integration is progressing slowly given the sensitive responses to changes in internal and external conditions. Nevertheless, advanced discussions focusing on North-South Korean economic cooperation should continue. Given this background, various studies of the economic effects of economic integration between North and South Korea have been conducted, but research on agricultural issues has been limited. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the economic integration of South and North Korea on the agricultural market. In this study, a simultaneous equation model was constructed using a growth model. Solow's growth accounting approach is used to construct a model for estimating the macroeconomic effect of North-South economic integration. Also, the construction of growth accounting formulas subdivided into South and North Korea as well as agriculture and non-agricultural fields during the construction of the growth model is a major research achievement and differentiates it from previous studies. It is expected that the results of this study will serve as basic information for preparing policy measures to promote integration. However, there are many limitations when estimating the economic effects of North-South agricultural integration and obtaining policy implications given the insufficient available statistical data on agriculture in North Korea and the lack of related studies in the agricultural field. Therefore, it should be noted that there is an inherent problem in that the analysis results vary greatly depending on the assumptions set, as there is inevitably no choice but to rely on many and strong assumptions.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2022

While protecting its lives and property from natural disasters such as floods and droughts, North Korea needs to develop into an informationized industrial society by securing renewable energy power in the era of energy transition. In addition, existing research has considered that a policy of continuous and consistent expansion of renewable energy based on the safety of the lives of ordinary people could be the solution. South Korea needs to recognize that the supply of energy for a minimum of living is more important to the North Korean people than the economic benefits of securing North Korea's renewable energy market. Therefore, in this paper, from that point of view, we have calculated the amount of electricity that North Korea lacks necessary for the lives of its inhabitants that can be replaced by renewable energy, and considered ways to estimate the market value.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제67권5호
• /
• pp.617-625
• /
• 2018

Since FERC order 755 was published, each frequency regulation market rules of the North American ISO/RTO have been revised in many parts. In 2016, the domestic CBP market has also changed its market rules to allow ESS to participate in the frequency regulation reserve services(Governor Free and Automatic Generation Control). This paper compares and analyzes the changed North American ISP/RTO market and domestic CBP market rules. In particular, we compare PJM and CAISO frequency regulation market pricing mechanism and settlement rules with the settlement rules of the domestic CBP market and compare the factors of each market used to compensate the participating resources in terms of resource dependency and accuracy.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.68-69
• /
• 2016

North Korean market created by reunification of the Korean Peninsula is expected to serve as a new growth engine to the already-developed construction industry of South Korea. Improvement on deteriorated construction facility of North Korea is a project in urgent need at the initial stage of reunification. Prior to market entry of the Korean peninsula under these circumstances, economic feasibility analysis on construction technology application must be preceded by considering reunification period. Therefore, this study conducts an economic feasibility analysis on construction facility improvement project of North Korea considering application period of technology developed by South Korea. Results of this study are expected to be utilized in future reunification process as the basis for establishing relevant guidelines for construction facility improvement project of North Korea.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 2016

This research aims to predict and analyze green building certification market of Korean Peninsula after unification. First, it analyzes prospected unification time period, then it forecasts number of new residential and non-residential buildings to be constructed based on estimated number of residences in short at the time in North Korea. There exists a good chance that North Korea's new building market forms similar to that of South Korea, as unification would thoroughly proceed which would result levels of economic culture social politics in quasi-equal state. Thus, assuming the ratio of residential and non-residential building against population is similar in both Korea's, the number against North Korea's house supplied population can be estimated. Based on the expected numbers in North Korea, number of proceeded Building Energy Conservation Plan, Building Energy Rating Certification, and Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design (G-SEED) are predicted. The research shows certification market related to green building in united Korean Peninsula to be \660 billion over 10 years. Not only certifications to newly built buildings but also including existing buildings, this market is to grow to a considerable extent. As this would largely influence eco-constructive materials, energy plant/equipment, and other relevant markets as well, it would require to make thorough preparations. In sum, to stabilize green building market even before the unification, the research proposes the necessities of appropriate systems in consideration of North Korea, through in-depth discussions and establishment of technology and policy directions in green building sector, such as building energy management and emission reduction technology.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.85-111
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 현대자동차 제네시스의 국내시장 및 북미시장 도입전략 사례를 포지셔닝과 상표확장 전략 측면에서 분석하였다. 제네시스는 국내시장에서 '수입차 같은 국산 고급차'라는 포지션 컨셉을 설정한 반면에 북미시장에서는 '준 럭셔리급의 가격으로 럭셔리급의 상품성'이라는 차별적 포지션 컨셉을 설정했다. 특히 국내시장과는 달리 북미시장에서는 포지셔닝 전략의 일환으로 기존의 상표명인 '현대'와 완전히 분리되지 않는 '현대 제네시스'라는 상표확장 전략을 채택하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내시장과 북미시장에서 차별적 포지션 컨셉이 설정된 배경에 대해 알아본 후, 각 시장에서 포지션 컨셉의 구현을 위한 마케팅활동의 전개과정 및 그 효과에 대해 분석했다. 특히, 북미시장에서 채택된 상표확장 전략이 제네시스의 포지셔닝에 미치는 효과 및 문제점에 대해 논의했다. 그리고 기존전략에 대한 분석에 바탕을 두고 국내시장과 북미시장에서 예상되는 경쟁 환경의 변화에 따라 각 시장에서 포지셔닝 전략의 수정 및 보강을 위한 방향을 제시했다.

• 국제지역연구
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.163-186
• /
• 2018

이 연구는 북한경제체제전환을 위한 제도적 조건과 문제점을 분석하기 위한 데 목적이 있다. 연구방법으로는 먼저 주요 경제체제전환국들의 4대 시장개혁정책(자유화, 사유화, 민영화, 주식회사화)의 법제화과정들을 시기별로 비교분석하고 북한과의 차이점을 도출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 북한의 4단계 경제개혁정책(7.1조치, 종합시장정책, 화폐개혁, 6.28방침)의 제도화 과정들을 분석하고 경제체제전환국 사례의 북한 적용가능성에 대한 문제점, 그리고 전망을 모색하였다. 연구결과, 현재 북한 시장경제의 변화를 경제체제전환국들과 동일선상에서 비교할 수 없는 중요한 조건 세 가지가 있다. 첫째, 경제체제전환을 위한 대내외적인 조건과 환경, 그리고 국가와 시민사회의 역할이 다르다. 둘째, 정책결정과정과 집행과정의 수단과 목적도 다르다. 셋째, 국가의 정치경제정책의 속성과 실효성측면에서도 다르다. 넷째, 경제개혁을 위한 경제정책의 우선순위와 내용, 법제화과정들이 서로 다르다. 특히'중국식 모델'로의 이행가능성에 대해 논의할 때, 그것도 상당한 위험성을 내포한다. 그것은 북한에서 통제 권력의 시장투입 목적과 그들 생존 네트워크는 상당히 독보적이기 때문이다. 또한 중국과 북한의 내수시장 규모, 인구규모, 통제유형도 상당히 다르다. 북한 경제체제전환을 위한 필요충분조건은 시장 영역에서 물리적 통제기구와 제도의 완화이다. 다음으로 현재 불법 소유화 시장에 대한 전수조사와 함께 합법적 제도화가 시급히 이루어져야 한다. 이를 바탕으로 내수 시장의 중국 의존성을 점차 한국으로 전환할 필요가 있다. 즉 선 통제 권력 배제, 후 자율화 및 내수시장의 패러다임 전환이다.

• 동아시아경상학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2022

Purpose - Beginning from the formation of the two governments, South and North Korea in 1948, North Korean collective economy as per trade in exchange strategies with right of way employed on heavy and chemical companies, against the external concerned with South Korean selling economy. This study aims to provide solutions for the joint economic prosperity of South and North Korea in the future. Research design, Data, and methodology - This study adopted a qualitative content analysis research method. This research method focuses on themes and concepts that are present in previous literature. This method seeks to derive relationships and meanings by analyzing themes and concepts within existing data. Result - According to qualitative textual analysis, the findings indicate that there are total seven solutions to lead the joint economic prosperity of South and North Korea (Technology Innovation, Energy and Construction, Construction companies and the Gulf market; Oppression via negotiation, Sports and Culture, Agenda-setting and Framing; Competition System). Conclusion - The Korean Government's association strategies outlines tackled in this study are uniform to each other because they are phased, peaceful, regular, and well-designed. But there were situations in which diminutive tenure North Korea approaches was enlisted beyond medium-to-lasting-period union strategies. North Korea should allow a free market whereby its citizens can freely trade among themselves and other people from South Korea.