• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2013

Objective: This paper presents additional considerations related to organization and safety culture extracted from recent human error incidents in Korea, such as station blackout(i.e., SBO) in Kori#1. Background: Safety culture has been already highlighted as a major cause of human errors after 1986 Chernobyl accident. After Fukushima accident in Japan, the public acceptance for nuclear energy has taken its toll. Organizational characteristics and culture became elucidated as a major contributor again. Therefore many nuclear countries are re-evaluating their safety culture, and discussing any preparedness and its improvement. On top of that, there was an SBO in 2012 in the Kori#1. Korean public feels frustrated due to the similar human errors causing to a catastrophe like Fukushima accident. Method: This paper reassesses Japan's incidents, and revisits Korea's recent incidents. It focuses on the analysis of the hazards rather than the causes of human errors, the derivation of countermeasures, and their implementation. The preceding incidents and conclusions from Japanese experience are also re-analyzed. The Fukushima accident was an SBO due to the natural disaster such as earthquakes and a successive tsunami. Unlike the Fukushima accident, the Kori#1 incident itself was simple and restored without any loss and radioactive release. However, the fact that the incident was deliberately concealed led to massive distrust. Moreover, the continued violation of rules and organized concealment of the accident are serious signs of a new distorted type of human errors, blatantly revealing the cultural and fundamental weakness of the current organization. Result: We should learn from Japanese experiences who had taken pride in its safety technology and fairly high confidence in safety culture. Japan's first criticality accident in JCO facility splashed cold water on that confidence. It has turned out to be a typical case revealing the problems in the organization and safety culture. Since Japan has failed to gain lessons and countermeasure, the issue persists to the Fukushima incident. Conclusion: Safety culture is not a specific independent element, which makes it difficult to either evaluate it properly or establish countermeasures from the lessons. It may continue to expose similar human errors such as concealment of incident and manipulation of bad data. Application: Not only will this work establish the course of research for organization and safety culture, but this work will also contribute to the revitalization of Korea's nuclear industry from the disappointment after the export contract to UAE.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

최근 해킹 및 악성코드는 점검 기법이 매우 정교하고 복잡하게 발전하고 있으며, 다양한 분야에서 침해사고가 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 그 중 정보유출, 시스템 파괴 등에 활용되는 침해사고의 가장 큰 이용 경로는 이메일을 이용한 것으로 확인되고 있다. 특히, 제로데이 취약점과 사회공학적 해킹 기법을 이용한 이메일 APT공격은 과거의 시그니처, 동적분석 탐지만으로는 식별이 매우 어려운 상황이다. 이에 대한 원인을 식별하고 해당 내용을 공유하여 유사한 침해사고에 대해 빠르게 대응하기 위한 침해지표(IOC, Indicators Of Compromise)의 필요성은 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 클라이언트단의 침해사고를 수집하기위해 활용되었던 디지털 포렌식 탐지 지표 방식을 활용하여 보안사고의 가장 큰 피해를 유발하는 해킹 메일의 탐지 및 조사 분석 시 필요한 다양한 아티팩트 정보를 효과적으로 추출할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2022

In today's civilization, it can be impossible to prevent disasters that cause large-scale human and material harm, and the environmental industry is not excepted from this. Over the last 50 years, several large and small environmental health catastrophes have occurred in Korea. Notable instances include the phenol pollution accident in the Nakdong River, the Hebei Spirit oil spill in Taean, Chungcheongnam-do, and the humidifier disinfectant disaster. Looking at these instances, it is clear that the government failed to prevent similar incidents and accidents after the tragedies. The government created and executed different policies to prevent such incidents and accidents, but the majority of them were highly fragmented. It is understandable that depending on the political and social level of the society in which the environmental health hazard incident/accident happened, the investigation of the cause, countermeasures, and policy reaction may differ. To put it another way, the more authoritarian and non-democratic a political social system is, the more likely it is to cover up occurrences and accidents without a deep examination. This is in line with the members of society's level of political awareness and acknowledgment of the importance of life and safety. In 1985, when the Onsan pollution disease was discovered, and in 2011, when we recognized the realities of the humidifier disinfectant disaster, South Korea's political and social systems were entirely different.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.15-31
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patient safety incidents (PSIs) related to nursing and to provide primary data for preventing the recurrence of similar incidents. Methods: This secondary analysis study included damage claims rulings filed for clinical negligence from 2014 to 2018 that contained the keyword 'nurse'. It excluded judgments irrelevant to nursing care and in which clinical negligence or causal damages were overruled. A total of 93 cases were analyzed. The characteristics of PSIs were derived through descriptive statistics, and two instances of nursing-related PSIs were examined by qualitative content analysis focusing on root causes. Results: The analysis of PSIs related to nursing suggested that the medical institutions where the PSIs occurred most frequently were hospitals, and the most common types of PSIs were medication, surgery, and treatment/procedure, in that order. In addition, it indicated that nursing-related PSIs occurred most frequently in general wards during the day shift, with the most common related nursing practice being managing potential risk factors. The qualitative analysis showed that careless monitoring and institutional inertia were causes of PSIs. Conclusion: To prevent nursing-related PSIs, nurses need to individually monitor and assess patient conditions. In addition, support should be accompanied by the improvement in the systems in place aimed at preventing the recurrence of nursing-related PSIs at the institutional and national level, such as securing appropriate nursing personnel and improving labor conditions.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.221-223
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• 2016

현재 자동차 시장에서는 IT와 자동차가 결합되며 여러 가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있는 모델들이 출시되고 있다. 이러한 변화는 운전에 관련하여 편리하고 유용한 기능을 많이 쓸 수 있다는 장점이 있는 반면 이러한 전자장비들의 오작동으로 인해 간간히 발생하는 차량의 결함은 심각한 사고를 유발할 수 있다. 그중 가장 심각하다고 판단되는 자동차 급발진 사고는 운전자의 목숨까지도 위협하는 심각한 결함이다. 하지만 급발진사고는 사고의 원인조차 정확하게 규명되지 않았으며 대비가 충분히 이루어지지 않아 제조사 측에서는 운전자 부주의라는 답변으로 책임을 회피하고 있으며 그에 따라 운전자의 부담은 계속해서 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 통합 모듈을 통해 운전석 내부의 영상과 자동차의 엑셀과 브레이크 등 제어부분의 상태를 데이터화 시켜 급발진 사고를 대비하기 위한 시스템을 설계 하였다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.322-326
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• 2014

Recently, the LOE(loss of excitation) incidents are occurred in domestic synchronous generator frequently, the synchronous generator protection system has been much attention for the LOE protection of the incidents that threats synchronous generators and power systems. This paper was showed the characteristics and practices of distance relay that widely used LOE protection relaying in generator. Firstly, the operating characteristics and the impedance locus for LOE of the generator protection were introduced. Even if the conventional simulation program is used for modeling, but it is difficult to implement a LOE modeling and simulation of synchronous generator. So, the LOE relay operation data collected from thermal power plant and nuclear power plant in real fields were analyzed. By reviewing the applications of GE Mho relays, the reliability of LOE for synchronous generator protection in domestic were improved.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.51-74
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• 2014

Despite the high efficiency of nuclear power plant, people in Korea do not give approvals and supports the facilities because the risk of the accidents and incidents. In particular, the low level of safety culture is a crucial mechanism that damages the robustness of the NPP. By considering the various definitions of safety culture and analyzing the major reasons of incidents, the conceptual safety culture model is made by using Causal Loop Diagramming. For sustaining development of nuclear power, social supports, incentives and organizational learning are needed. It also requires the coordination of work schedules and the expansion of human resource for protecting the rules and procedures in NPP. Decommissioning aging nuclear power plants will prevent a serious accident. In order to promote the safety culture, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Corporation should disclose more information to the public and promote the internal and external communications.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2009

Construction companies economic to lighten the restrictions on safety education and training due to the domestic recession as long as the global downturn. With this, the Korean government lightened that restrictions, but the incidents are being sharply increased nowadays. The construction industry is more hazardous than any others, so, they insist to reinforce the training for incidents prevention, but it is prone to be disregarded at the subcontractors of the bigger construction companies due to their financial problems. According to these matters, this study hereby surveyed regarding their suggestions for the improvements of the training concepts through questionnaires below.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.193-209
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• 2012

China's airline industry is experiencing a booming development as one hand, on the other hand the incidents involving unruly behaviour on board aircraft also becomes a growing concern for the whole industry. The thesis examines the basic issues concerning the unruly behaviour, such as definition of unruly behaviour, the impact and root causes of unruly behaviour. Then it focuses on the China's legal sources governing the problem of unruly behaviour. Generally speaking, China's legislation with this respect is systematic and self-contained, except some minor shortcomings which need to be revised. Finally the thesis holds the view that the preventative measures jointly contributed by all the parties concerned are something more important than the legislation itself.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.268-269
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• 2006

Auto-synchonizer is important device to match the voltage, frequency, phase of the generating system to those factors of the transmission line, when the synchronous generator is operated. There were few or no incidents by Synchronization failure at Hapcheon hydraulic power plant, since it was built in 1989. but incidents by Synchronization failure have often happend lately. From now, let's improve the efficiency on the maintenance of generating equipment by studying about the cause and the method for this problem by comparing with the set point of each device of synchronizing system.