• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1768-1773
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• 2010

CEN/TS 45545 is Europe consolidation standard for fire safety on railway behicles. This is based on the International Union of Railways(UIC) and different European countries. It is intended to protect passengers and staff in railway in the event of a fire on board. It will be prepared in 2012. Based on this consolidate standard, they are going to make single market, for raising technical competitiveness, technical innovation and globalization of that standard. For this reason, European academies, manufacturers, and sub-manufacturers confer and stady animated about CEN/TS 45545. In Korea, get out the safety assessment for ues incombustible interior material, the needs of quantitative analysis on fire protection, demand on recognition of fire protection scenario, and define about fire load analysis are becomin more and more important. Therefore, this paper will estimate and compare Flammability, Smoke Density, Toxicity Index( this is the key point for appraised fire safety performance of material) between CEN/TS45545 and fire standards on railway vehicle. Then suggest criteria for fire safety on railway vehicles.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제67권
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• pp.69-95
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study is to analyse what are the key financial innovations in the euro area electronic payment systems. TARGET2 is the RTGS-system provided through the Eurosystem. It is used for settling central bank operations, for large interbank transfers in euro and also for other euro-denominated transfers. The specific features of TARGET2 include processing in real time, settlement in central bank money and immediate finality. In addition, the SEPA is a payment-integration initiative of the European Union for simplification of bank transfers denominated in euro. In particular, the main innovations consist of the completion of the phased migration to the TARGET2 infrastructure, and the introduction of a single retail payment market in euro - the SEPA and its products, schemes and frameworks. As the study analyse, the key innovations consist of the TARGET2 introduction, SEPA establishment and migration towards the T2S system. These innovations will lead to a better understanding of the payment and settlement systems' behavior in stress situations and to enhance the stability of the euro area financial system. Moreover, the successful integration of the European payment and settlement infrastructures will further contribute to the integration of the European financial markets, as well as to their higher competitiveness.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2007

유럽연합(EU)은 EU의 조화로운 발전을 진흥시킨다는 목적하에, 경제 사회적 결속을 강화시키고자하며, 특히 지역격차를 축소시키고 저발전 지역을 개발하기 위해, 1994년부터 구조기금을 집행해 왔다. 2000년 7월 EU의 최고의결기구인 EU 정상회의는 EU 집행위원회의 발의와 유럽의회의 동의를 거쳐 2007년-2013년의 기간에 적용될 구조기금의 규정을 확정하였다. 이에 본고는 2007년-2013년 구조기금의 특징을 기금이 설정하고 있는 목표, 그러한 목표가 적용되는 국가 및 지역, 구조기금의 회원국 간 할당 및 재정수단에 초점을 맞춰 살펴보았다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2016

Stress at work and in the family is a very common issue in our society that generates many health-related problems. During recent years, numerous studies have sought to define the term stress, raising many contradictions that various authors have studied. Other authors have attempted to establish some criteria, in subjective and not very quantitative ways, in an attempt to reduce and even to eliminate stressors and their effects at work and in the family context. The purpose of this study was to quantify so-called cushioning variables, such as control, social support, home/work life conciliation, and even sports and leisure activities, with the purpose of, as much as possible, reducing the negative effects of stress, which seriously affects the health of workers. The study employs data from the Fifth European Working Conditions Survey, in which nearly 44,000 interviewees from 34 countries in the European Union participated. We constructed a probabilistic model based on a Bayesian network, using variables from both the workplace and the family, the aforementioned cushioning variables, as well as the variable stress. If action is taken on the above variables, then the probabilities of suffering high levels of stress may be reduced. Such action may improve the quality of life of people at work and in the family.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2012

The Korean Conflict of Laws Act recently incorporated much of the European Union's recent revision in "EC Convention on the Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations (Rome 1980)"(hereinafter Rome Convention). With the revision of Rome Convention applied to contractual obligations,"Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I)"(hereinafter Rome I) has taken effect on December 2009. Before the effectivation of Rome I, "Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II)"(hereinafter Rome II) has come into effect on January 2009. This means the revision of certain rules and its practical implications need an in-depth study on governing law rules under Rome I which provides newly effected governing laws applicable to contractual obligations. Moreover, uniform choice of law rules on non-contractual obligations needs to focus especially on marine insurance contract. Where policy assignment and subrogation causes, how to decide the governing law which will be applied to the insurer as a third party? This article attempts to analyze emerging legal issues in legal regimes determining choice of law, especially those in international marine insurance contracts. This will help Korean practitioners to be dialed in legal affairs under English Law as the governing law in their contracts.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.325-328
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• 2003

폴드와 타 동유럽국가들이 내년에 유럽연합(EU)에 가입할 예정이다. EU에 가입한 후 폴란드는 도로분야의 투자에 박차를 가한 것이며 2005년까지 도로망을 보수할 것이다. 현재 폴란드 정부가 도로의 모든 건설투자 비용을 충당할 수 없으므로 민${\cdot}$관 협력에 기초하여 프로젝트 자본조달에 관한 새로운 방법을 발전시키고자 한다. 고도로 개발된 도로 교통망 없이는 국가 경제측면에서 경쟁력을 제고할 수 없으므로 EU 전체의 도로 교통망을 도입 하고자 한다. 도로 교통망의 성공적인 확대는 폴란드와 같이 아직 EU에 소속되지 않은 동유럽 국가의 교통 기반시설의 기초가 될 것이며 이것은 전채유럽의 이익을 가져 올 것이다.

• 방송과미디어
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2019

최근 유럽 위원회(European Commission)의 ICT 분야 연구에 대한 목표는 사이버 보안, 사생활 보호, 5G, 사물의 인터넷, 데이터 경제, 자유로운 데이터의 흐름(free flow of data) 등과 같은 디지털 정책 분야에 미래 EU(European Union) 자율주행 프로젝트의 초점을 맞추는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2017년과 2018년, 10개의 디지털 국경 커리도(Digital Cross-Border Corridors)가 발표되었고, 5G 기반 CCAM 서비스 실증을 확립하였다. 유럽 위원회는 이러한 5G 기반 CCAM 서비스 실증의 일환으로 2018년 3개의 대규모 프로젝트(5G-MOBIX, 5G-CARMEN, 5GCroCo)를 선정하였다. 본 기고문에서는 2018년 유럽 위원회에서 선정한 3개의 5G 기반 CCAM 프로젝트에 대하여 설명한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.837-844
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• 2009

본 연구는 1950년부터 2008년까지의 유럽 5대 리그 축구경기 5170게임의 자료에서 승점이 2점인 시즌과 승점이 3점인 시즌으로 나누어 각 리그의 경기당 득점을 비교하였고, 또한 각국 리그에서 승점이 2점인 시즌과 승점이 3점인 시즌의 경기당 득점 평균을 비교하였다. 경기 당 승점을 추정하기 위하여 경기 당 득점과 경기 당 실점을 독립변수로 하여 추정된 회귀식을 유도하였다. 마지막으로 추정된 회귀식을 한국축구 리그에 적용시켰다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.179-202
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• 1996

우리나라 환경통계의 현주소를 살펴보고, 유럽연합 환경통계와 유엔이 권고하는 환경통계와 비교하여 우리나라 환경통계의 부족한 점을 지적하기로 한다. 그리고 환경 통계의 작성과 활용을 위하여 바람직한 발전 방향이 무엇인가를 고찰하여 보기로 한다.

• 기술사
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

Every year in Europe, soils covering an area larger than the city of Berlin are lost to urban sprawl and transport infrastructure. Soil sealing causes an irreversible loss of the biological functions of soil. As water can neither infiltrate nor evaporate, water runoff increases, sometimes leading to catastrophic floods. Landscapes are fragmented and habitats become too small or too isolated to support certain species. In addition, the food production potential of land is lost forever. There is an urgent need to use this valuable resource more wisely, in order to secure its many vital services for future generations. The EU faces new territorial challenges.