• Architectural research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2009

This research started from the premise that East Asia - China, Korea and Japan - played a remarkable role in the development of modern architecture. In this study, attention is paid to the lack of a synthetic research about the influence of East Asia on European modernism as a counterpart to its influence on American modernism. Thus, the intention of this paper is to construct an integrated discourse on the East Asian contribution to European modern architecture. By analyzing recently published/presented articles on the related subjects, this study suggests how European modernists encountered the East, what attracted them to the East, and how they applied East Asian aesthetics in their designs. While a number of architects adopted East Asian formal elements directly, at times superficially, others extracted the underlying principles. As a whole, this analysis offers insights at several levels. First, it provides a balance to the view of the East Asian influence on modern architecture by providing an investigation into its influence on European modernism as a counterpart to its influence on American modernism. Second, the multi-faceted nature of modern architecture is further illuminated in this study. Third, an important example of "positive-Orientalism" is provided, which contrasts with the rather negative image implied by E. Said's 'Orientalism'. In conclusion, this paper provides a critical assessment of the fundamental motive of European modernists' adoption of East Asian aesthetics.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.27-48
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• 2011

본 연구는 주가지수를 경제적 척도로 삼아 동아시아의 글로벌 및 역내 통합의 정도를 검토하였다. 주가에 대한 충격을 글로벌 충격, 역내 충격 및 개별 국가 충격으로 분해하고 구조적 VAR 모형을 사용하여 이들 충격이 동아시아 국가들의 주가 변동에 미친 영향을 살펴본 결과, 1997년 금융위기 이후 점차 축소되는 추세이나 개별 국가 충격이 여전히 가장 주도적인 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 글로벌 및 역내 충격은 대부분의 동아시아 국가에서 그 비중이 점차 확대되는 추세이나 영향력은 그리 크지 않았다. 본고의 분석 결과는 최근의 자유화 및 역내 통합 진전에도 불구하고 동아시아 국가들은 아직까지 상호 이질적이며 유럽 국가에 비해 비대칭적인 충격에 더 크게 노출되었음을 의미한다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2019

Two new species of the lichen genus Placolecis are discovered in China, namely P. kunmingensis An. C. Yin & Li S. Wang and P. sublaevis An. C. Yin & Li S. Wang. The new combination P. loekoesiana (S.Y. Kondr., Farkas, J.J. Woo & Hur) An. C. Yin is proposed. Placolecis kunmingensis is characterized by having simple, spherical or ellipsoid, hyaline spores, and pear-shaped pycnidia; while P. sublaevis can be distinguished by its thallus forming larger aggregations with slightly flattened lobes at the thallus margin, and urn-shaped pycnidia. Descriptions, a phylogenetic tree and a key are provided for all the known Placolecis species in China.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.37-65
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• 2016

This research intends to investigate the progress made in East Asian bond market integration thus far. Price-based measures (AAD indicator and beta-convergence measure), quantity-based measures and econometric techniques (co-integration test, error correction model based Granger causality test) are employed in the analysis. Even though East Asian government bond markets have become more integrated since 2001, the differentials among the markets still remain significantly high. The bond market integration process seems slow. The convergence of bond markets sped up in 2003 and after the 2008 world financial crisis, implying the important role of government policies in integrating the regional bond markets. East Asian bond market integration may need more government-directed measures.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.363-386
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• 2007

Endemic element of the Russian Far East (RFE) flora includes 497 species of 150 genera and 46 families. The level of endemism in structure of regional natural flora reaches 11.1% as a whole, and in structure of its native fraction - 13.1%. As a result of chorologic and ecocenotic analysis of RFE flora endemic element it is revealed that it consists of 8 main geographical groups and 7 main floristic complexes. The largest number of endemic species is concentrated in Arctic - Alpine & Montane (140, 28.2%), Forest (107, 21.5%) and Maritime (88, 17.7%) floristic complexes as well as in Russian Far East - West-Pacific (136, 27.4%), Japan Sea (88, 17.7%) and North-East-Asian - Beringian (69, 13.9%) geographical groups. It's possible to distinguish three main areas with similar eco-geographical differentiation of endemics on RFE as follows: (1) North-East Asia sector of RFE which North-East-Asian - Beringian and Maritime Okhotia - Beringian geographical groups approximately correspond to, (2) Continental part of East Asia sector of RFE (West - Okhotian, Amur - Okhotian, Amur - Ussirian, Okhotsk Sea and Japan Sea groups) and (3) Oceanic part of East Asia sector (Russian Far East - West Pacific group). Taxonomical variety of RFE endemics on these territories makes up accordingly (1) - 99 species (19.9%), (2) - 259 (52.8%) and (3) - 136 (27.4%).

• 천문학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.325-328
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• 2005

I report here about the future direction of cooperation of astronomy in East Asia region, which has been a long-years subject of the EAMA since 1990. During this EAMA-6 we had many positive discussions and remarkable progress toward the promotion of our cooperation. We also had an 'East Asian Observatory' WG meeting yesterday with many attendants, and actively discussed this important subject in some detail. The following report is to summarize the fruitful products we had in the EAMA-6 discussions and in past EAMA activities, and to propose a direction and some action items toward the bright future of astronomy in East Asia.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.113-131
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• 2005

This study aims to look into how we Korean ports can improve NODE competitiveness among northern-east region of Asia, and to examine a conceptual as well as practical methodology approach to be applied in terms of cluster. Also many other researches have done to take out the conclusion, which is environmental aspects as economic and logistical one in terms of northern-east region of Asia, basic concept with NODE, and matters concerning seaport from the viewpoint of hub-spoke, etc. Then finally it is suggested that we Korea has to concentrate on seaport, which is equipped with logistics cluster provide into value added logistics, in order to keep and gain the NODE competitiveness in northern-east region of Asia.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.417-419
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• 2005

This paper presents the effects and the regional power distribution of an increase or a decrease of a power reserve by load flow calculations under seasonal load patterns of each country for the future power shortages faced by the metropolitan areas or by the southeastern area of the South Korea in North-East Asia. In these connections, the types of a power transmission for interconnection consist of the 765kV HVAC and the HVDC. In this paper, the various cases of the power system interconnections in Far-East Asia are presented, and the resulting interconnected power systems are simulated by means of a power flow analysis performed with the PSS/E 28 version tool. The power flow map is drawn from data simulated and the comparative study is done. In this future, a power flow analysis will be considered to reflect the effects of seasonal power exchanges And the plan of assumed scenarios will be considered with maximum or minimum power exchanges during summer or winter in North-East Asia countries.

• 한국과 국제사회
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.137-162
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• 2018

본 논문은 해양력이 동아시아 해양공간에 미치는 지정학적 파장과 그 성격의 문제를 다룬다. 마한의 도서국가지배론에서 강조되고 있는 해양력이 갖는 의미를 분석하고, 해양력의 지정학적 성격을 파악한다. 이러한 인식과 함께, 21세기 현재 중국이 도련선 전략을 통해 태평양으로 진출하고 있는 지정전략적 성격과 그 파장의 문제를 조사한다. 지난 20세기를 전후한 시기에 일본이 해양력에 기초해서 동아시아 해양공간에서 세력권 확장을 기획하는 대동아공영권 정책을 구체화했고, 21세기에는 중국이 도련선 개념을 구체화하면서 동아시아 해양공간을 관리하려는 지정전략을 구사하고 있다. 중국의 도련선 전략이 미국을 비롯한 동아시아 국가들의 반발에 직면해 있는 상황에서 한국외교의 해양세력 의존정책이 21세기 현재에도 유용한가에 대한 질문을 던진다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.545-561
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• 2018

Over the North East Asia, extreme anomalous precipitation were observed in 2013 and 2014. During 2013 summer the precipitation was found to be higher (two standard deviation) than the climatological mean of the region; whereas during 2014, which was a borderline El Ni?o year, precipitation was found to be lower (one standard deviation). To understand the differences of these two anomalous years the Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs) has been used. The study found that low landsurface temperature and high sea-surface temperature over ocean caused a smaller land-sea contrast of surface temperature between East Asia and North West Pacific Ocean in 2014, which could have caused an eastward shift of mean monsoon circulation in that year compared to the circulation in 2013. Due to a change in the lower level circulation and wind field over East Asia the evaporation and moisture transport patterns became very different in those two years. In 2013, this study found high latent heat flux over Eastern China, which implies an increased surface evaporation over that region, and the moisture transported to the north by the mean monsoon circulation; whereas, there was no correlated transport of moisture to the North East Asia during 2014. The precipitable water over North East Asia has a stronger correlation with the latent heat flux over southern land region than that from Ocean region in the eastern side in both the years. A new approach is proposed to estimate the sub-grid scale hydrometeors from GRIMs, overestimated in the existing model.