• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the cognition of dental caries prevention by the level of socioeconomic status based on Gallup survey in Korea. Methods: This study was done by Korean Gallup survey in October, 2010. A trained researcher carried out the computer aided telephone interview(CATI) using a structured questionnaire. This study was based on the latest population statistics of resident registration and whole country's phone data base. This survey included 869 selected Korean adults over 19 years old, and they were asked to answer a CATI. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects and socioeconomic factors including age, gender, education level, monthly income, and residential area. Cognition of dental caries prevention was measured by Likert 4 scale including 'much', 'a little', 'rarely', and 'never'. The attitude toward dental caries prevention consisted of daily tooth brushing frequency, experience of oral health education, regular dental checkup, chewing gums(xylitol), regular scaling, and use of oral care devices. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, chi-square test, and one way ANOVA. Cronbach's alpha was 0.462 in oral health concern and attitude. Results: Mean of the frequencies of daily tooth brushing in men was 2.54 times and 2.78 in women. By the comparison to age group, 35-44 years old group had 2.82 times, 19-37 years old group had 2.72 times, and 45-64 years old group had 2.51 times. The level of education and monthly income was proportional to the tooth brushing frequency. Highly educated and higher monthly income group received regular dental checkup within a year and used the auxiliary oral health care devices. Conclusions: This study suggested the relationship between dental caries prevention and socioeconomic status. It is important to provide the low socioeconomic group with the better oral health promotion services in the future.

• 한국노년학
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.295-308
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 일 지역 농촌 노인의 허약수준에 따른 관련요인을 알아보기 위하여 시행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 2019년 10월부터 2020년 3월까지 경상남도 H군에 거주하는 65세 이상 노인 400명으로부터 자료를 수집했다. 노인의 허약수준과 그에 따른 예측요인을 살펴보기 위해 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 자료를 분석한 결과, 건강노인은 27.8%, 전허약 노인은 30.9%, 허약노인은 41.3%로 나타났다. 허약 수준에 따른 예측요인을 분석한 결과, 건강 단계에서 전허약 단계로 진입하는 예측요인은 악력, 영양상태, 우울이었고 전허약 단계에서 허약 단계로 진입하는 예측요인은 성별, 영양상태, 신체기능, 우울이었으며 건강 단계에서 허약 단계로 진입하는 예측요인은 성별, 직업, 영양상태, 신체기능, 우울로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구를 통하여 농촌지역 거주노인의 허약수준과, 이에 따른 다차원적 변수들의 영향을 파악할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 농촌지역 노인들의 허약진행을 예방하고 관리하기 위한 방안을 모색하는데 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국가정과학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary behavior and health-related lifestyles of high school students according to the living area in Chonbuk province, Self administered questionnaires were collected from 489 students. Statistical data analysis was completed using a SPSS v. 10.0 program. The results are summarized as follows: The average weight and height of male students in urban and rural area were 173.52cm, 65.26kg; 172.89cm, 64.02kg. The female students were 161.18cm, 52.48kg: 160.96cm, 52.82kg. The breakfast skipping ratio of students urban area were higher than the students in rural area, About 85% of students responded to have a lunch at school foodservice canteens. About 30% of students responded to have a dinner irregularly, which mainly caused by the reasons 'irregularity of life style' and 'weight control'. The ratio of snacks intake of the students were high, but female students eaten more fruits, cookies and coffee than male students. More than 50% of the students responded that one of the important influencing factor for health was 'a good eating habits'. About 44% of students in urban area and 40% of in rural area responded to take exercise one or three times a week. Students in urban area(37.3%) have more experiences of taking nutrient supplements than those in rural area(15.8%). TV/Radio (48.7%), clinic/apothec(19.0%), and family(16.0%) were essential sources of pertinent information about nutrition. The dietary behavior and health related lifestyle between the students in urban and rural area were very similar, but the female students showed more bad dietary behaviors in comparison with the male students. Therefore, they should have a gender oriented nutritional education program to correct their dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyle for health.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study is to find out the possibility of application to herbal medicine's report form for adverse drug reaction (ADR) by reviewing and analyzing Asian countries's ADR report forms. Method : We investigated, compared, and analyzed ADR report forms (ADR-RF) of Asian countries's ADR institutions (ACAI), such as, Korea institute of drug safety & risk management and Dongguk university Ilsan oriental hospital (DUIOH) in Korea, national center for ADR monintoring (NCAM) in China, pharmaceuticals and medical devices agency (PMDA) in Japan, Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) in Taiwan, and drug office, department of health, the government of the Hong Kong special administrative region (GHKSAR) in Hong Kong. Results : ADR-RF for ACAI included common contents, such as, patients information (name(initial), gender, age, weight), adverse event (AE)'s report information (Recognition and report for AE occurrence, first or follow up report, Severe AE), the detailed information of AE (the title of AE, onset & closing date of AE symptoms, the progress & results detailed test of AE), the information of AE's medicine (the types of medicine, product name, ingredient name, suspected or combination drug, single dose & frequency, dosage form, administration route, dealing for AE-suspected medicine), and AE reporter's information (reporter's information, institution's information). Taiwan had ADR-RF and the department exclusively for herbal medicine (HM), but others (except DUIOH) had not only no ADR report form but also contents for HM. Conclusion : ADR-RF for HM have to include the common contents of ACAI at least, as well as HM information related to ADR, such as the title, composition and types of HM, history related to HM's ADR, and the contents of drug-induced liver injury and so on. In addition, the main department of government for HM's ADR will be needed.

• 대한영상의학회지
• /
• 제83권5호
• /
• pp.1081-1089
• /
• 2022

목적 Greulich-Pyle 기반 전산화된 손 골연령과 팔꿈치 골연령을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법 팔꿈치 골연령이 Sauvegrain 방법에 의해 평가 가능한 범위 내에 있고, 동시에 손 X선 사진을 촬영한 2126명의 환자(여아 1525명, 남아 601명)를 대상으로 하였다. VUNOMedBoneAge 소프트웨어를 이용하여 손의 1순위 골연령과 VUNO 점수를 얻었으며, 아동의 성별과 1순위 골연령 확률에 따라 손 골연령과 팔꿈치 골연령의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결과 VUNO 점수와 팔꿈치 골연령의 상관관계(r = 0.898)가 1순위 골연령과 팔꿈치 골연령의 상관관계(r = 0.879)보다 높았다. 1순위 골연령 확률이 70% 미만이거나 여아인 경우, VUNO 점수를 사용하면 팔꿈치 골연령과 더 좋은 상관관계를 보였다. 팔꿈치 골연령은 손 골연령보다 진행된 경향을 보였으며 그 차이는 사춘기 중반까지 증가하다가 후반에 점차 감소하였다. 결론 사춘기 시기의 Greulich-Pyle 기반 전산화된 손 골연령은 팔꿈치 골연령과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 다만 팔꿈치 골연령은 손 골연령보다 빠른 경향이 있어 사춘기의 골연령 판단에 있어 주의가 필요하겠다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제34권7호
• /
• pp.797-808
• /
• 2001

To determine folate intake and food sources in Korea college students, dietary survey was conducted in March, 1999. Dietary data were collected by trained interviewers using the method of 24-hour recalls for 3 consecutive days. The data of 44 male and 62 female students were analyzed with two different nutrient databases in Recommended Dietary Allowances for Korean on the 6th and 7th revisions, and the results were compared. The intakes of energy and nutrients except vitamin A and folate were lower when analyzed with the 7th database than the 6th database. Mean daily folate intakes with the 6th and 7th databases were 172.9$\mu\textrm{g}$, 221.6$\mu\textrm{g}$ for male students while 125.1$\mu\textrm{g}$, 168.0$\mu\textrm{g}$ for female students, respectively. The results showed significantly higher estimates of folate intake with the 7th database, and significantly higher intake in males than females analyzed with both the 6th and 7th databases. Daily folate intake per 1,000kcal (folate density) was 71.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/1000kcal for males and 67.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/1000kcal for females with the 6th database, and 97.9$\mu\textrm{g}$/1000kcal for males and 95.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/1000kcal for females with the 7th database. The differences in folate density between the two databases were signficant, but the differences between the gender were not significant. The proportions of the subjects who consumed more than the RDA of 250$\mu\textrm{g}$ with the 6th and 7th databases were only 4.6%, 29.6% of males and 1.6%, 9.7% of females, respectively. The biggest food source of folate was Kimchi, contributing 17.9% for male and 13.7% for female students with 7th database. Laver, spinach, Ramyon, rice, and Ko Chu Jang together with Kimchi contributed 41.9% for male and 32.4% for females students with the 7th database. These results imply that folate intake reported in the reported inthe previous studies using the 6th database was underestimated. However, the 7th database seems to be still incomplete since 20.5% of 2,932 foods in the database were derived from the other sources, and the rest were imputed from similar foods. Therefore, in order to accurately estimate folate intake of Koreans, folate contents in major contributing foods need to be measured using an appropriate assay method.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.101-114
• /
• 2010

Background: Currently, evidence-based medicine is widely propagated as a reference for proper clinical practice. As a result, there is an increasing need for more clinical trials based on Oriental diagnostic methods to evaluate the efficacy of Oriental medicine, including acupuncture and herbal medicine. The purpose of this study was to confirm which symptoms are adequate indicators of effects of Ojeock-san for lower back pain and develop a questionnaire to evaluate its effects. Methods: We interviewed 102 Oriental medical doctors working in Seoul with a preformed questionnaire which included questions about symptoms of lower back pain and indicators for Ojeock-san. We sampled respondents who answered that they trust the effectiveness of Ojeock-san in telephone survey carried out using multistage stratified random sampling technique from March to April, 2009. We categorized the respondents into two groups, differentiating them by gender, career, workplace, and trust level of Ojeock-san effect. Results: About half of the respondents selected 13 questions as the adequate indicators of Ojeock-san for low back pain. There were no differences in the top 11 selected indicators in total selection and top 3 ranking selection. The comparison of frequency of top 13 questions in total selections between the two groups showed no difference. Conclusions: There were 13 symptoms which were considered adequate indicators of effects of Ojeock-san for lower back pain found by many Oriental medical doctors. This questionnaire can be utilized as a diagnostic adjunctive tool, tested for validity and reliability of questionnaires through further studies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.6505-6510
• /
• 2012

Background: CYP2E1 encodes an enzyme which is mainly involved in bioactivation of potential carcinogens such as N-nitrosamines. Polymorphisms in the gene have been reported to be associated with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotype distributions and allele frequencies of five CYP2E1 polymorphisms in Iran Materials and Methods: Two hundred healthy individuals of an Iranian population from the southwest were included in this study. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and Tetra-ARMS PCR methods were applied for CYP2E1 genotyping. Results: The allele frequencies for $^*5B$, $^*6$, $^*7B$, $^*2$, and $^*3$ were calculated to be 1.5%, 16%, 28.5%, 0%, and 2.75% respectively. Results of this study showed that no significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of five single nucleotide polymorphisms with respect to the gender and tribes. The chi-square test showed that the genotype frequencies of $CYP2E1^*5B$ were similar to Caucasians, but the distribution of $CYP2E1^*6$ genotypes was similar to Asians. The frequencies of $CYP2E1^*2$ (0%) and $CYP2E1^*3$ (2.75%) alleles were within the range for Caucasians and Orientals. In the case of $CYP2E1^*7B$, the data werelimited. Accordingly, the results were only compared with Europeans and the comparison showed significant differences. Conclusions: In conclusion, ethnic and geographic differences may explain discrepancies in the prevalence of CYP2E1 polymorphisms.

• 여성학논집
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.145-183
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 징병제가 존재하고 한국과 사회적 역사적 유사성이 두드러지지만, 한국과는 달리 위계적 대학문화에 대한 증상이 거의 없는 대만과 대학생문화에 대한 양적 질적 비교를 병행하였다. 이런 비교조사와 분석을 통하여 한국대학의 위계적, 성차별적 군대문화의 현황을 좀 더 명확히 짚어내고 원인을 파악하려 노력하였다. 비교 연구 결과를 보면 대만의 대학문화는 한국보다 위계적이지 않고, 위계문화의 필요성에 대한 지지도가 낮았다. 폭력이나 단체기합등 군대문화적 요소는 주로 한국대학문화에서만 나타났고 남성중심적 술문화와 성매매문화의 지배력도 한국에서 더 강한 것으로 확인되었다. 대만과 한국의 대학문화의 이러한 차이를 낳는 사회 역사적 원인을 살펴보면 대만이 한국보다 위계적 집단주의 문화의 근거이고 원동력이라고 할 수 있는 국가주의적, 군사주의적 국민의 내적 동의나 뿌리가 약하다는 점을 들 수 있다. 대만 대학문화가 상대적으로 덜 위계적인 가장 중요한 직접적 원인은 징병시기에서 찾아볼 수 있다. 한국은 일반적으로 재학중 군대를 다녀오지만 대만은 대학을 마친 후 군대를 다녀오는 것이 일반적이다. 한국의 대학문화에서 군유경험자는 폭력성이나 위계문화 또는 술문화에 큰 영향력을 행사하는 존재로 확인되었다.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.85-94
• /
• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise on body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin. Methods : The study was conducted on 24 elderly women divided into two groups: 12 subjects in an exercise group and 12 subjects in a control group. Resistance exercise was performed for 50 minutes a day, three times a week, for the duration of 12 weeks, and body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin were measured before and after the subjects completed the program. For the statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation (M±SD) of each variable were calculated using SPSS version 20, and a paired t-test and two-way repeated ANOVA were conducted to test for the differences before and after the resistance exercise. All significant levels were set to α=.05 as a result of the experiment. Results : Changes in body composition after the 12-week resistance exercise program did not show any significant difference based on the comparison between the groups, but when noting the values for body fat percentage and body in the control group before and after, a significant difference was shown in fat mass (p<.05). As for changes in physical fitness, significant differences appeared in flexibility, muscle strength, and stenotic force (p<.01) when the groups were compared. Regarding pre- and post-values within each group concerning flexibility within the exercise group, significant differences were shown in gender (p<.001), muscle strength (p<.05), (p<.01), muscle earth strength, equilibrium (p<.01), stenosis force, and cardiopulmonary earth force (p<.001). Also, comparisons between populations in changes in blood lipids the values before and after in each group, significant differences in glucose (p<.05) and insulin (p<.05) were shown in the exercise group. When comparing the values before and after in each population, a significant difference was shown in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : When all the results were integrated, the 12-week resistance exercise program was found to enhance physical strength (flexibility, muscle strength, and coordination) and improve the blood sugar levels of elderly women. In particular, resistance exercise is believed to lower the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic diseases by having a positive effect on insulin. Further studies are suggested to verify the effect on body composition and blood lipids by setting up a variety of exercise treatment methods (including subjects, exercise periods, exercise plans, and exercise intensity focuses).