• 중국학논총
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• 제63호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2019

This study set out to examine the variant forms in the Korean block-printed edition of YouYangZaZu(酉陽雜俎)n terms of modifications of writing forms, increase and decrease of strokes, shortening and lengthening of strokes, connection and interruption of strokes, replacement of Pyeonbang(偏旁), and changing structures and positions. The study also aims to investigate the frequent uses and characteristics of variant forms. The findings show that the variant forms of YouYangZaZu(酉陽雜俎) include characters in some parts. There are 1,500 variant forms in the Korean block-printed edition of YouYangZaZu(酉陽雜俎)ith numerous characters of both various modifications and increasing or decreasing strokes based on the same characters. There are mixed uses of block letters and variant forms throughout the book from a single form to ten different forms of a character.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.560-567
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• 1998

This paper concerned about a imputed color printed material image in camera to decrease noise and distortion by processing median filtering with input image to identical condition. Also this paper proposed the way of compares a normal printed material with an abnormal printed material color tone with trained a learning of the error back-propagation to block classification by extracting five place from identical block(3${\times}$3) of color printed material R, G, B value. As a representative algorithm of multi-layer perceptron the error Back-propagation technique used to solve complex problems. However, the Error Back-propagation is algorithm which basically used a gradient descent method which can be converged to local minimum and the Back Propagation train include problems, and that may converge in a local minimum rather than get a global minimum. The network structure appropriate for a given problem. In this paper, a good result is obtained by improve initial condition and adjust th number of hidden layer to solve the problem of real time process, learning and train.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2010

The hand printed cottons of India are historically world-renowned for their rich fast colours, elaborate designs, and matchless quality. Until the discovery of synthetic dyestuffs in the latter part of the nineteenth century, the unsurpassed master dyers of cotton were the craftsmen of India-birthplace of cultivated cotton. The Indian printers and dyers monopolised this arcane art of permeating cotton cloth with richly hued, colour-fast designs, and the fruits of their labour proved hugely influential in international trade and the development of modern textile technologies. This paper focuses on a lesser-known body of hand printed cottons, traditionally produced in rural Rajasthan for everyday use by the local pastoral communities. Drawing on extensive research carried out with the region's Chhipa community of hereditary cloth printers, the complex and multiple applications of mordant, dye and resist are illustrated. Often taking months to complete, the enduring popularity of these labour-intensive hand printed cottons is then discussed, particularly in the light of the hugesocial importance borne by cloth in Rajasthan. Cloth and clothing are widely recognised as indicators of social status, gender, rank, and individual and group affiliations. In addition, cloth and clothing have been established as indicators of social, economic, political and technological change. The paper concludes by drawing attention to the recent influx of machine-printed polyester textiles, often replicating the designs or colours of the traditional locally produced cottons. Thus women of the region, whilst using these modern synthetic textiles as part of newer ways of expressing their identity, also visibly retain the values associated with hand printed cottons and traditional dress codes.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2006

This study is to review the printed cotton textile industry of Europe in 17th-l8th century, and specially investigate the development of the Toile do Jouy, printed French fabrics around the 18th century. Generally, the Toile de Jouy has two different meanings. The first meaning is the popular printed cotton textiles producted by wood block printing, copper plate printing and roller printing techniques at Jouy on Joas factory in France, around 18th century. The second meaning is the monochromatic upholstery fabrics printed by copper plate. Actually, this monochromatic printed textiles were the most popular printed cotton fabrics with large scale scenic designs with people, trees, birds, buildings, mythical heroes, protagonists of novel and country scenes of shepherds, sheep and other animals manufactured by Jouy on Joas factory. Main issue of this paper is to propose features of pattern, color and classify types of patterns expressed on the Toile de Jouy fabrics according to printing techniques such as wood block printing, copper plate printing and copper roller printing. And this study is also to analyze on origins of the variety of names called the printed cotton textiles in those days. The results of this study can help to understand the knowledge of printed cotton textiles in Europe and be effectively applied to develop printed fabric design in the textile industry.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.461-472
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• 1995

The interaction of laminar mixed convection and surface radiation in a two-dimensional channel with an array of rectangular blocks is analyzed numerically. Three blocks are maintained at high temperature and the other bottom and top horizontal walls are insulated. Discrete ordinate method(DOM) is introduced to analyze the radiative heat transfer. The effects of the variations of Reynolds number and channel specifications on the heat transfer characteristics are investigated. The average Nusselt numbers along the block surfaces are correlated and presented in terms of Reynolds number and dimensionless geometric parameters such as the block spacing, height and channel spacing. For the conditions considered in this study, average Nusselt numbers along the block surfaces are strongly influenced by the channel spacing and Reynolds number but weakly influenced by the block spacing and block height.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.8-19
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 우리나라 우편영상에서 수취인 주소 영역을 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 우편영상에 기입된 주소가 프린터나 타자기 둥에 의해서 인쇄된 주소일 수도 있고 사람에 의해서 필기된 주소일수도 있다. 즉, 인쇄체 우편영상과 필기체 우편영상 모두에 적용될 수 있는 수취인 주소 영역 추출 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법에서는 이진화 된 우편영상으로부터 연결요소를 추출하고 연결요소를 결합하여 문자열을 생성한다. 그 후 문자열을 군집화하고 생성된 군집 중 몇 개의 군집을 선택함으로써 수취인 주소 영역을 결정한다. 우리나라 우편봉투에 기입되는 정보의 유형별 기입 위치 패턴에 따라 우편영상을 총 9개의 균등 영역으로 분할한 후 각 영역의 중심을 초기 값으로 갖는 9개의 군집을 생성하였고 k-Means 방법을 사용하여 군집화를 수행하였다. 군집화 과정에서 사용되는 거리함수로 우편영상의 폭 대 높이의 비율이 반영된 수정된 맨하탄 거리를 사용하였다. 제안 방법의 성능을 알아보기 위하여 실제 우편물 영상 1,988개를 사용하여 실험한 결과 약 93.56%의 우편영상에서 수취인 주소 영역을 정확하게 추출할 수 있었다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 1989

This analysis is to investigate the influence of inflow angle when cooling air flows into PC (Printed Circuit) board channels. Flow between PC board channels with heat generating blocks is assumed laminar, incompressible, two-dimensional. Geometric parameters (block spacing (S), block height (H), block width (W) and channel height (L)) are held fixed. Inflow angle variations are $-10^{\circ},\;0^{\circ},\;10^{\circ}$, where uniform heat flux per unit axial length Q (W/m) from heated block surfaces is generated. The governing equations for velocity and temperature are solved by SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method Pressure for Linked Equation) algorithm. Nusselt number on each block surfaces is analyzed after a numerical calculation result. The result shows that the assumption on parallel inflow (inflow angle to channel, $0^{\circ}$) to PC board channels can be used without large error even when inflow' angle is varied.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제6권
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• pp.141-158
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• 1979

This is a bibliographical study of the editions of the Hsin-Ching-Fu-Chu published between 16th and 17th centuries, together with the postscript written by Yi-Hwang. For this research, 14 kinds of the editions are studied, the results of which are analyzed as follows; (1) The publishing date: 2kinds of the editions are published before 1969, and 12 kinds after 1569 when Yi-Hwng died. (2) The method of publishing: 2 kinds were printed by movable types, the others by block-plates. (3) The publishing place: 12 kinds were put out in Korea, and 2 kinds in Japan. The publishing places of 6 kinds of Korean editions are known. They are Muncheon-Gun, Gyoseokwan, etc.., For other 6 kinds of Korean editions, the publishing places are unknown. (4) 6 kinds of editions were printed in the double-border-line style, and consisted of 10 lines, each line having 17 characters. Such forms are regarded as the traces of the printing style of Gyoseokwan. One kind of editions was printed with single-border-line.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.572-575
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• 2009

In this study, we proposed WLED(White-Light Emitting Diode) driver IC for mobile applications. This IC drove WLED for mobile applications with low input voltage and high efficiency by using boost converter. The device was designed by using boost converter applied current-mode control algorithm and provided PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) & analog dimming. Designed IC consisted of bias block, drive block, control block, protection block. We confirmed this device worked well through a application PCB (Printed Circuit Board) test.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2014

The vessel of integral reactor contains its major primary components such as the fuel and core, pumps, steam generators, and a pressurizer, so its size is proportional to the required space for the installation of each component. The steam generators take up the largest volume of internal space of reactor vessel and their volumes is substantial for the overall size of reactor vessel. Reduction of installation space for steam generators can lead to much smaller reactor vessel with resultant decrease of overall cost for the components and related facilities. A printed circuit heat exchanger is one of the compact types of heat exchangers available as an alternative to conventional shell and tube heat exchangers. Its name is derived from the procedure used to manufacture the flat metal plates that form the core of the heat exchanger, which is done by chemical milling. These plates are then stacked and diffusion bonded, converting the plates into a solid metal block containing precisely engineered fluid flow passages. The overall heat transfer area and pressure drops are evaluated for the steam generator based on the concept of the printed circuit heat exchanger in this study. As the printed circuit heat exchanger is known to have much larger heat transfer area density per unit volume, we can expect significantly reduced steam generator compared to former shell and tube type of steam generator. For the introduction of new steam generator, two design requirements are considered: flow area ratio between primary and secondary flow paths, and secondary side parallel channel flow oscillation. The results show that the overall volume of the steam generator can be significantly reduced with printed circuit type of steam generator.