• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.350-351
• /
• 2002

대기 중 부유 입자상물질(에어로졸)은 지구 대기 환경과 기후, 그리고 인체 건강에 영향을 미치는 까닭에, 에어로졸을 효과적으로 분석하는 방법을 개발하는 연구는 매우 중요하다. 특히 한국과 일본에서는 매년 봄 중국에서 발원하여 동북부 아시아로 이동하는 황사(Asian Dust) 현상이 매우 중요한 관심 대상이다. 이것은 황사 입자가 중국의 공업단지인 중국 북동부를 거쳐오면서, 황산염이나 질산염, 해염 입자와 반응하여 한국이나 일본, 태평양으로 이동시킬 수 있다는 점에서 중요하게 여겨진다. (중략)

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.581-582
• /
• 2010

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제11권8호
• /
• pp.92-99
• /
• 2021

광산란법을 이용한 초미세먼지 측정기는 초 단위의 측정이 가능하고 휴대할 수 있는 크기로 설계될 수 있다. 또한 하나의 센서로 여러 크기별 (PM_1.0, PM_2.5, PM_4.0, 및 PM₁₀) 농도를 측정할 수 있다. 이 방식은 입자의 개수와 크기를 측정하고 이를 단위 부피당 무게인 농도로 변환하는 과정 때문에 큰 밀도를 가지는 황사에 대해서는 큰 오차를 나타낸다. 본 논문은 광산란 초미세먼지 측정기가 여러 크기별 PM 농도를 이용하여 황사 발생 시 초미세먼지(PM_2.5)의 농도의 오차를 정확히 보정할 수 있고, 황사가 발생하지 않을 때도 영향을 받지 않는, 다중 선형외기 기법의 기계학습에 의한 보정 기법을 제시한다. 두 가지 또는 세 가지의 PM 크기 입력만으로도 광산란 미세먼지 측정 장치의 황사 오류를 크게 보정할 수 있음을 보인다. 한 달 동안 중부권대기환경연구소의 베타레이 측정기와 광산란 측정기의 측정값을 비교·분석하였다. 황사가 없는 구간에서 이 두 장비의 상관계수(R²)는 0.927이었고, 황사를 포함한 전 구간에서 상관계수는 0.763이었지만, 기계학습을 통하여 상관계수가 0.944로 향상되었다.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.55-56
• /
• 2006

This thesis describes the use of measured aerosol size distributions and size-resolved hygroscopic growth to examine the physical and chemical properties of several particle classes. The primary objective of this work was to investigate the optical and cloud forming properties of a range of ambient aerosol types measured in a number of different locations. The tool used for most of these analyses is a differential mobility analyzer / tandem differential mobility analyzer (DMA / TDMA) system developed in our research group. To collect the data described in two of the chapters of this thesis, an aircraft-based version of the DMA / TDMA was deployed to Japan and California. The data described in two other chapters were conveniently collected during a period when the aerosol of interest came to us. The unique aspect of this analysis is the use of these data to isolate the size distributions of distinct aerosol types in order to quantify their optical and cloud forming properties. I used collected data during the Asian Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia) to examine the composition and homogeneity of a complex aerosol generated in the deserts and urban regions of China and other Asian countries. An aircraft-based tandem differential mobility analyzer was used for the first time during this campaign to examine the size-resolved hygroscopic properties of particles having diameters between 40 and 586 nm. Asian Dust Above Monterey (ADAM-2003) study was designed both to evaluate the degree to which models can predict the long-range transport of Asian dust, and to examine the physical and optical properties of that aged dust upon reaching the California coast. Aerosol size distributions and hygroscopic growth are measured in College Station, TX to investigate the cloud nucleating and optical properties of a biomass burning aerosol generated from fires on the Yucatan Peninsula. Measured aerosol size distributions and size-resolved hygroscopicity and volatility were used to infer critical supersaturation distributions of the distinct particle types that were observed during this period. The predicted CCN concentrations were used in a cloud model to determine the impact of the different aerosol types on the expected cloud droplet concentration. RH-dependent aerosol extinction coefficients are calculated at a wavelength of 550 nm.

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.77-88
• /
• 2010

2010년 봄 서울 지역에서 포집된 황사 및 비황사 시료를 전처리를 달리하여 황사의 입도 특성을 밝혔다. 최소 확산으로 분석된 황사 시료의 평균 입경은 19~56㎛, 비황사 시료는 37~92㎛이다. 이와는 대조적으로 최대 확산으로 분석된 황사와 비황사 시료의 평균 입경은 차이가 작아 각각 13~20㎛, 14~30㎛의 범위이다. 본 연구에서는 황사 발생시 최소 확산의 경우 약 0.5㎛, 1.5㎛ 그리고 8.5㎛, 최대 확산시 0.5㎛와 7.5㎛ 크기의 입자를 중심으로 각각 약 20㎛와 40㎛ 크기의 입자까지 한반도 대기 중에 유입되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 비황사 시료에 비해 황사 시료가 뢰스 시료와 유사한 입도 특성을 가지며, 공통적으로 중국 등으로부터 원거리 기원지임을 지시한다. 황사와 뢰스층 사이의 입도 특성의 차이는 풍화작용의 기간과 강도에 기인한다.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.343-343
• /
• 2002

This study examines the influence of long-range transport of dust particles and air pollutants on both local/regional DMS oxidation chemistry and the distribution of sulfur compounds at Jeju Island (33.17$^{\circ}$ N. 126.10$^{\circ}$ E) during the Asian dust-storm(ADS) period in April 2001. The atmospheric concentrations of these sulfur species were measured at a ground station on Jeju Island. Korea as Part of the ACE-Asia intensive operation. Three ADS events were observed during the periods of 10-12, 13-14. and 25-26 April. respectively. The concentrations of DMS and CS$_2$ were higher during the ADS period than during the non-Asian-dust-storm (NADS) period. Conversely. a difference in SO$_2$ levels during the ADS period was not distinguishable from those during the NADS period. The diurnal variation pattern of DMS observed was largely different from that in the remote marine boundary layer. DMS loss by NO$_3$ in the atmospheric boundary layer was dominant due to significantly high NOx levels influenced by the long-range transport of pollutants from East Asia to Jeju Island The DMS maximum during the ADS period was observed in the late afternoon. The oceanic fluxes of DMS during the ADS and NADS periods were estimated to be 5.7$\pm$2.3 and 2.9 (+2.8/-1.5) mole m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$ . respectively. The contribution of oxidized DMS to SO$_2$ levels at Jeju Island during the study period was found to be insignificant.

• 대기
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.483-494
• /
• 2010

The vertical profiles of the extinction coefficient, the backscatter coefficient, and the lidar ratio (i.e., extinction-to-backscattering ratio) for Asian dust and pollution aerosols are determined from Raman (inelastic) and elastic backscatter signals. The values of lidar ratios during two polluted days is found between 52 and 82 sr (July 22, 2009) and 40~60 sr (July 31, 2009) at 52 nm, with relatively low value of particle depolarization ratio (<5%) and high value of sun photometer-derived Angstrom exponent (> 1.2). However, lidar ratios between 25 and 40 sr are found during two Asian dust periods (October 20, 2009 and March 15, 2010), with 10~20% of particle depolarization ratio and the relatively low value of sun photometer-derived Angstrom exponent (< 0.39). The lidar ratio, particle depolarization ratio and color ratio are useful optical parameter to distinguish non-spherical coarse dust and spherical fine pollution aerosols. The comparison of aerosol extinction profiles determined from inelastic-backscatter signals by the Raman method and from elastic-backscatter signals by using the Fernald method with constant value of lidar ratio (50 sr) have shown that reliable aerosol extinction coefficients cannot be determined from elastic-backscatter signals alone, because the lidar ratio varies with aerosol types. A combined Raman and elastic backscatter lidar system can provide reliable information about the aerosol extinction profile and the aerosol lidar ratio.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.420-431
• /
• 2010

The water-soluble components have been analyzed from the total suspended particulate (TSP) collected at Gosan site of Jeju Island for ten years (1997~2006), and the long-term variations of ionic constituent concentrations have been investigated in order to understand the pollution characteristics of atmospheric aerosols. Their mean concentrations were in the order of nss-${SO_4}^{2-}$ > $Na^+$ > ${NO_3}^-$ > $Cl^$ > ${NH_4}^+$ > nss-$Ca^{2+}$ > $K^+$ > $Mg^{2+}$. The ${NO_3}^-$ concentrations had increased somewhat smoothly compared to those of ${SO_4}^{2-}$ for the past 10 years, possibly indicating the recent energy consumption pattern changes in China. The concentrations of ionic aerosol components showed mostly higher values during the Asian Dust storm periods, and the concentration ratios of nss-$Ca^{2+}$, ${NO_3}^-$, and nss-${SO_4}^{2-}$ between the Asian Dust and Non-Asian Dust periods were 6.9, 2.4, and 1.3, respectively. The anthropogenic nss-${SO_4}^{2-}$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${NH_4}^+$ and the soil originated nss-$Ca^{2+}$ components showed high concentrations as the air parcels were moved from the Asia continent, on the other hand, their concentrations were relatively low as moving from the Northern Pacific into the Gosan area.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.275-289
• /
• 2014

Asian dust (or yellow sand) occurring mainly in spring in East Asia is affected by the distribution of weather systems. This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of suspended particulate for Asian dust at Busan, Korea in 20 March 2010, which was one of the extreme case for the last 10 years. There was used the data of weather chart, satellite, automatic weather system (AWS), $PM_{10}$, laser particle counter (LPC), and backward trajectories model. In synoptically, the high pressure was located in the northwestern part and low pressure was located in the northeastern part of Korea. The strong westerly winds from surface to upper layer makes it possible to move air masses rapidly. Air masses passing through Gobi Desert in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia plateau covered the entire Korean peninsula. As the results of aerosol analysis, $PM_{10}$ concentration at Gudeok mountain in Busan was recorded $2,344{\mu}g/m^3$ in 2300 LST 20 March 2010 and their concentration was markedly increased at coarse mode particle. In surface condition, westerly wind about 3 ~ 5 m/s was dominant and small particles of $0.3{\sim}0.5{\mu}m$ were distributed on the whole. In heavy metal components analysis, the elements from the land was predominated.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.163-173
• /
• 2020

Objectives: The study was evaluated exposure variation and daily absorption level of cadmium, lead concentration of ambient air of monthly data from 1999 to 2017 for main exposure factor in outdoor workers. Methods: Based on the monthly data from 'The annual report of air quality in Korea from 1999 to 2018' in 'Air Korea' website in the Korean Ministry of Environment. The monthly data of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, cadmium, lead concentration of ambient air were recalculated to average, minimum, and maximum. And these data were combined to Asian-dust exposure data from 'The annual report of Asian-dust·smog in 2017' of National Institute of Meteorological Sciences in Korea. Results: Geometric mean(minimum-maximum) concentration in ambient air of monthly data were 0.0017 (ND-0.2015) mg/㎥ in cadmium and 0.0467(ND-0.8554) mg/㎥ in Pb from 1999 to 2017. Both of Cd and Pb concentration in ambient air showed the highest concentration in January and the lowest in August among annual variation from 1999 to 2017. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 level showed the highest in March(PM₁₀) and February (PM_2.5) the lowest in August both of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5. Discussion: Based on exposure data and prior reports, daily Cd absorption was estimated to 0.013(ND-1.511) mg/day from respiration and 1.89 mg/day from daily food(25.2 mg/day of daily Cd intake). In case of Pb, daily absorption was estimated to 0.350(ND-6.416) mg/day from respiration and 1.38-1.71 mg/day from daily food intake. Conclusion: Cd and Pb with Asian-dust have high influential factor to increase the Cd and Pb exposure at Winter and Spring season in outdoor workers.